Iris germanica
speciesAt a glance
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Iris germanica's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation16 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility16 739 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI4 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics4 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Iris sambucina, the elder scented iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from southern and central Europe (Germany, GB and Ireland, Italy, the Balkans, Croatia), and Spain. It has green, curved or sword-like leaves, tall round stem (with branches), multiple flowers in shades from brown violet, or brown-purple, to purple-violet, blue violet, mauve, and to purple. The large flowers are fragrant, with the scent of elderflowers, hence the name. It was first considered a separate species (when found), then it was classified as a synonym of Iris germanica, before being classified (in some sources) as a separate species again, but with a hybrid origin from Iris pallida and Iris variegata. It is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology8
Life cycle & reproduction4
Habitat & environment5
Physiology & chemistry2
Compounds documented for Iris germanica across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds134 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1R,5S)-2,5,6,6-tetramethylcyclohex-2-ene-1-carbaldehyde | present | LOTUS | |
| (1S)-1,5-Anhydro-1-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-8-yl]-D-glucitol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2R,3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-3-[(3E,5E)-4-methyl-6-[(1R,3S)-2,2,3-trimethyl-6-methylidenecyclohexyl]hexa-3,5-dienyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2R,3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-3-[(E)-4-methyl-6-[(1R,3S)-2,2,3-trimethyl-6-methylidenecyclohexyl]hex-3-enyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2R,3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-[(3E,6E)-5-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-3,6,11-trienyl]-3,4-dimethylcyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2R,3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4-methyl-3-[(3E,5E)-4-methyl-6-[(1R,3S)-2,2,3-trimethyl-6-methylidenecyclohexyl]hexa-3,5-dienyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2R,3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4-methyl-3-[(3E,5E)-4-methyl-6-[(1R,5R)-2,5,6,6-tetramethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]hexa-3,5-dienyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2R,3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4-methyl-3-[(3E,5E)-4-methyl-6-[(1R,5S)-2,5,6,6-tetramethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]hexa-3,5-dienyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R)-2-hydroxy-N-[(2S,3S,4R)-1,3,4-trihydroxy-21-methyltricosan-2-yl]hexacosanamide | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R)-2,3-Dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Iris germanica has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Iris germanica carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 241×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Record type16 739 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions98 of 166 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 198 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 85 |
| LDlocation not on record | 76 |
| Paris, FR | 51 |
| Allentown, US | 22 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 17 |
| Barcelona, ES | 16 |
| València, ES | 15 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 14 |
| MAlocation not on record | 13 |
| Philadelphia, US | 13 |
| Canberra, AU | 12 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 12 |
| Bern, CH | 10 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 10 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 10 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 10 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 9 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 9 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 9 |
| Madison, US | 9 |
| Adelaide, AU | 8 |
| Oregon State Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 8 |
| Chicago, US | 8 |
| Durango, MX | 8 |
| Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record | 7 |
| Zürich, CH | 7 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 7 |
| Fort Worth, US | 7 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 7 |
| Vitoria, ES | 7 |
| BClocation not on record | 7 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 6 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 6 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Hazara Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Olocation not on record | 6 |
| Saint Louis, US | 6 |
| Auckland, NZ | 6 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 6 |
| Mlocation not on record | 6 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 6 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 5 |
| Hobart, AU | 5 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 5 |
| Riverside, US | 5 |
| Tartu, EE | 5 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 5 |
| Alicante, ES | 5 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 5 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 4 |
| Kensington, AU | 4 |
| Vancouver, CA | 4 |
| Corvallis, US | 4 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 4 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 4 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 4 |
| Berlin, DE | 4 |
| Tlalnepantla, MX | 3 |
| Córdoba, AR | 3 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 3 |
| Pittsburg, US | 3 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 3 |
| Muzaffarabad, PK | 3 |
| Kew, GB | 3 |
| Museo della Bonifica di San Donà di Piavelocation not on record | 3 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 3 |
| Görlitz, DE | 3 |
| College Park, US | 3 |
| BAYLUlocation not on record | 3 |
| Badajoz, ES | 3 |
| International Salmonella Centre (W.H.O.)location not on record | 3 |
| ISAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 3 |
| GAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Flagstaff, US | 3 |
| Vitebsk State University named after P.M. Masherovlocation not on record | 3 |
| Uppsala, SE | 3 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 3 |
| Wlocation not on record | 3 |
| Bronx, US | 2 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 2 |
| Stockholm, SE | 2 |
| South Kensington, GB | 2 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 2 |
| Bangkok, TH | 2 |
| UIBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Henderson State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Montréal, CA | 2 |
| Columbia, US | 2 |
| Québec, CA | 2 |
| Jiujiang Forestry Institutelocation not on record | 2 |
| DOI/NPS, Mississippi National River & Recreation Arealocation not on record | 2 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Philadelphia, US | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Emporia, US | 2 |
| Université de Bordeauxlocation not on record | 2 |
| Claremont, US | 2 |
| H-Dunkellocation not on record | 2 |
| Pullman, US | 2 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Davenport, US | 2 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 2 |
| Orem, US | 2 |
| Williamsburg, US | 2 |
| Chadron, US | 2 |
| Universidad de La Salle (La Salle)location not on record | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| University of Winnipeglocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 1 |
| UTPLlocation not on record | 1 |
| AUAlocation not on record | 1 |
| James F. Matthews Center for Biodiversity Studieslocation not on record | 1 |
| Fulda, DE | 1 |
| Firenze, IT | 1 |
| Batemans Bay, AU | 1 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 1 |
| Morelia, MX | 1 |
| JBSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 1 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
| Granada, ES | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 1 |
| Tall Timbers Research Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| IPE-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| CASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Millersville, US | 1 |
| Provo, US | 1 |
| St. Paul, US | 1 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 1 |
| Irvine, US | 1 |
| La Paz, BO | 1 |
| Stephenville, US | 1 |
| Shenzhen, CN | 1 |
| FLADlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo civico di Ecologia e Storia naturale di Marano sul Panarolocation not on record | 1 |
| Puebla, MX | 1 |
| Armidale, AU | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Parkville, AU | 1 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Brisbane, AU | 1 |
| Toronto, CA | 1 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 1 |
| Sion, CH | 1 |
| Meguro Parasitological Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| Fayetteville, US | 1 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 1 |
| Chapingo, MX | 1 |
| New Haven, US | 1 |
| Universite de Montpellierlocation not on record | 1 |
| Russellville, US | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Iris germanica was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.