Iris foetidissima
speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Iris foetidissima's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation8 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility79 144 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI9 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics12 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Iris foetidissima, the stinking iris,Richard Fitter, Alastair Fitter and Marjorie Blamey gladdon, Gladwin iris, roast-beef plant, or stinking gladwin, is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae, found in open woodland, hedgebanks and on sea-cliffs. Its natural range is Western Europe, including England (south of Durham) and also Ireland, and from France south and east to N. Africa, Italy and Greece.Plants For A Future: Iris foetidissima Seeds It is one of two iris species native to Britain, the other being the yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus). It has tufts of dark green leaves. Its flowers are usually of a dull, leaden-blue colour, or dull buff-yellow tinged with blue. The petals have delicate veining. It blooms between June and July, but the flowers only last a day or so. The green seed capsules, which remain attached to the plant throughout the winter, are 5 - long; and the seeds are scarlet. It is known as "stinking" because some people find the smell of its leaves unpleasant when crushed or bruised, an odour that has been described as "beefy". Its common names of 'gladdon' and 'gladwyn' or 'gladwin', are in reference to an old word for a sword, (Latin 'gladius') due to the shape of the irises leaves. This plant is cultivated in gardens in the temperate zones. Both the species and its cultivar 'Variegata' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology22
Life cycle & reproduction16
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment13
Physiology & chemistry5
Other traits2
Compounds documented for Iris foetidissima across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds11 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-(6R,11S,14S,26R)-26-Hydroxy-15-methylidenespiroirid-16-enal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2Z)-2-[(2S,3R,4R)-4-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-3-[(E)-4-methyl-6-[(1S,5R)-2,5,6,6-tetramethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]hex-3-enyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2Z)-2-[(3S,4R,5S,6R,10S)-4,10-dihydroxy-3-[(2E,4E,6E)-1-hydroxy-6,10-dimethylundeca-2,4,6,9-tetraen-2-yl]-6-(3-hydroxypropyl)-10-methylspiro[4.5]decan-7-ylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| 2-[4-Hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-(5-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-3,7,11-trienyl)-3,4-dimethylcyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| gamma-Irigermanal | present | LOTUS | |
| Iridal | present | LOTUS | |
| Iridin | present | LOTUS | |
| Irigenin | present | LOTUS | |
| Irisoquin | present | LOTUS | |
| Irisquinone | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Iris foetidissima has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Iris foetidissima carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 4023×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · brit-fl +9
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Record type79 144 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions32 of 57 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Paris, FR | 165 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 37 |
| Auckland, NZ | 25 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 23 |
| South Kensington, GB | 23 |
| Vitoria, ES | 14 |
| Córdoba, ES | 11 |
| Wellington, NZ | 11 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 9 |
| Barcelona, ES | 9 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 8 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 7 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 7 |
| Hobart, AU | 6 |
| ISAlocation not on record | 6 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 6 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 5 |
| MAlocation not on record | 5 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 4 |
| Adelaide, AU | 4 |
| CASlocation not on record | 4 |
| BClocation not on record | 4 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 4 |
| Bourges, FR | 4 |
| Madrid, ES | 3 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 2 |
| Kew, GB | 2 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 2 |
| Canberra, AU | 2 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 2 |
| Armidale, AU | 2 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 1 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| Saint Louis, US | 1 |
| SNSNMClocation not on record | 1 |
| JBSlocation not on record | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 1 |
| Davis, US | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| Badajoz, ES | 1 |
| Tilburg, NL | 1 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 1 |
| Sevilla, ES | 1 |
| Jaén, ES | 1 |
| Muséum Henri Lecoqlocation not on record | 1 |
| Musée des Confluenceslocation not on record | 1 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of British Columbia, Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Gardens, Kewlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| Banyoles, ES | 1 |
| Santa Cruz, US | 1 |
| Alicante, ES | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Iris foetidissima was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.