Ilex vomitoria
Aiton · speciesAt a glance
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Ilex vomitoria's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility23 351 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI48 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics11 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Ilex vomitoria, commonly known as yaupon () or yaupon holly, is a species of holly that is native to southeastern North America. The word yaupon was derived from the Catawban yą́pą, from yą- tree + pą leaf. Another common name, cassina, was borrowed from Timucua (despite this, it usually refers to Ilex cassine). The Latin name comes from an incorrect belief by Europeans that the plant caused vomiting in certain ceremonies. The plant was traditionally used by Native Americans to make an infusion containing caffeine. It is only one of two known plants endemic to North America that produce caffeine. The other (containing 80% less) is Ilex cassine, commonly known as dahoon holly. Yaupon is also widely used for landscaping in its native range.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology5
Life cycle & reproduction24
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment25
Physiology & chemistry24
Uses & economy15
Other traits7
No individual compounds documented yet for Ilex vomitoria — the badge(s) below come from traditional/economic-use records, not from a chemical analysis.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Ilex vomitoria has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Ilex vomitoria carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 403×CCDB · book-indian_vol1 · CCDB · book-fedorov · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type23 351 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions63 of 91 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Bronx, US | 96 |
| Austin, US | 79 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 75 |
| Fort Worth, US | 69 |
| Bangkok, TH | 56 |
| US | 52 |
| Tampa, US | 48 |
| Jackson, US | 37 |
| Saint Louis, US | 34 |
| Texas Lutheran Universitylocation not on record | 28 |
| Mississippi State, US | 25 |
| Philadelphia, US | 23 |
| GAlocation not on record | 23 |
| Miami, US | 22 |
| San Francisco, US | 21 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 20 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 19 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 18 |
| University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record | 15 |
| Mexico City, MX | 15 |
| Columbia, US | 14 |
| Durango, MX | 14 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 14 |
| Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record | 13 |
| Denton, US | 12 |
| Bloomington, US | 12 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 11 |
| Williamsburg, US | 10 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 10 |
| Lubbock, US | 10 |
| AUAlocation not on record | 9 |
| Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| Austin, US | 8 |
| Clemson, US | 8 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 8 |
| Tall Timbers Research Stationlocation not on record | 8 |
| Norfolk, US | 7 |
| Henderson State Universitylocation not on record | 7 |
| Tapachula, MX | 6 |
| China Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Knoxville, US | 5 |
| Burlington, US | 5 |
| DOI/NPS, Mississippi National River & Recreation Arealocation not on record | 4 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 4 |
| EL PASO, US | 4 |
| Richmond, US | 4 |
| Kew, GB | 4 |
| College Park, US | 3 |
| CASlocation not on record | 3 |
| North Carolina Museum of Natural Scienceslocation not on record | 3 |
| Emporia, US | 3 |
| Dover, US | 3 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 3 |
| Flagstaff, US | 3 |
| University of North Carolina at Pembrokelocation not on record | 2 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 2 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Due West, US | 2 |
| Dekalb, US | 2 |
| BAYLUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 2 |
| Washington, US | 2 |
| Minia, EG | 2 |
| Little Rock, US | 2 |
| Taipei, TW | 2 |
| Vancouver, CA | 2 |
| Claremont, US | 1 |
| Davis, US | 1 |
| Baltimore, US | 1 |
| Riverside, US | 1 |
| Boise, US | 1 |
| Asheville, US | 1 |
| Honolulu, US | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| Waverly, US | 1 |
| Columbus State University Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| PHlocation not on record | 1 |
| GB | 1 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 1 |
| Edmonton, CA | 1 |
| Montréal, CA | 1 |
| Fayetteville, US | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
| Lord Fairfax Community Collegelocation not on record | 1 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 1 |
| San Angelo, US | 1 |
| Provo, US | 1 |
| Lincoln, US | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Ilex vomitoria was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.