A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Ilex serrata has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens15
Marker genes3
GenBank sequences9
eDNA detections8
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Ilex serrata TF<JPN>:oFTB1008 chloroplast rbcL gene for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit, partial cds
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK3★rbcL6★ITS
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualIlex serrata carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 40 n = 20
Ploidydiploid inferred
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy11% within 1 km
≤100 m 7≤1 km 1≤10 km 34>10 km 30
72 georeferenced · 88 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor160
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy23% within 1 km
≤1 km 16≤10 km 54
70 georeferenced · 688 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence758
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy
no georeferenced coordinates · 3 records without
Open the mapnot free-living3
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions35 of 59 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Sanda, JP
96
Nagano City, JP
88
Odawara, JP
70
Kochi, JP
67
Toyama, JP
52
Shinshu Universitylocation not on record
46
Tsukuba, JP
31
Fukushima Universitylocation not on record
31
Bando, JP
27
Osaka, JP
22
Tokushima, JP
22
Nagatoro-machi, Chichibu-gun, JP
19
Sendai, JP
19
Nishihara, JP
16
FFPRIlocation not on record
10
Kunming, CN
10
Toyota city nature sanctuarylocation not on record
9
Tomioka, JP
9
NSMKlocation not on record
8
KURAlocation not on record
8
Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record
7
Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record
6
Omachi Alpine Museumlocation not on record
5
Sagamihara, JP
4
Nishihara, JP
4
Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botanylocation not on record
4
Chiba, JP
4
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institutelocation not on record
3
Bronx, US
3
JP
3
Beijing, CN
3
Akita Prefectural Museumlocation not on record
3
Nanjing, CN
3
Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukubalocation not on record
3
Fort Worth, US
2
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
2
Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record
2
Kawasaki Shi Tama Ku, JP
2
Guangzhou, CN
2
Bangkok, TH
2
Edinburgh, GB
2
Burlington, US
2
Angwin, US
2
Changsha, CN
2
Chengdu, CN
1
J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record
1
Iwate Prefectural Museumlocation not on record
1
Christchurch, NZ
1
Philadelphia, US
1
Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record
1
Vancouver, CA
1
Guangzhou, CN
1
Taipei, TW
1
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
1
Parthenon Tama History Museumlocation not on record
1
Ishikawa Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
1
Universität Göttingenlocation not on record
1
Jiujiang Forestry Institutelocation not on record
1
Oiso Municipal Museumlocation not on record
1
59 institutions · 750 of 758 vouchered records shown · 8 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA8 detections
Where the DNA of Ilex serrata was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found8
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 8 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median21.0 °C 19.8–23.5
Seasonal swing summer↔winter23.5 °C
Max temp (day)25.2 °C 21.9–27.4
Min temp (night)17.1 °C 16.0–18.4
Precipitation204 mm/mo 128–221
Air humidity63.4 % 60.6–67.7
Moisture balance47.5 mm/mo -1.10–109
Vapour deficit1000 Pa 744–1,079
Wind speed2.40 m/s 1.90–3.40
Cloud cover45.9 % 35.5–51.5
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 5 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility932 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI8 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics15 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype