Compounds documented for Ilex laevigata across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile1 class
Flavonols2
Documented compounds2 total
Compound
Class
Amount
Source
Kaempferol
present
LOTUS
Quercetin
present
LOTUS
05DNA & barcoding2 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Ilex laevigata has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens2
Marker genes3
GenBank sequences3
eDNA detections2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★rbcL2★ITS1★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type645 records
Wild obs. + sensor71
Museum / vouchered556
Other18
Origin
Introduced1
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO1 796 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy56% within 1 km
≤100 m 26≤1 km 7≤10 km 2>10 km 24
59 georeferenced · 12 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor71
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy23% within 1 km
≤100 m 13≤1 km 96≤10 km 312>10 km 56
477 georeferenced · 79 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence556
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions37 of 54 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Philadelphia, US
160
University of New Hampshirelocation not on record
53
New Haven, US
41
Allentown, US
21
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
18
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
18
Philadelphia, US
17
Bangkok, TH
15
Burlington, US
14
Wuzhou, CN
14
College Park, US
13
Williamsburg, US
12
Bronx, US
11
Chapel Hill, US
10
Bloomington, US
6
Norfolk, US
6
Washington, US
5
New Brunswick, US
5
Weymouth Woods Sandhills Nature Preservelocation not on record
4
Staten Island, US
4
Keene State Universitylocation not on record
4
Columbia, US
4
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
3
Clemson, US
3
Provo, US
3
Dekalb, US
2
Western Carolina Universitylocation not on record
2
Mohonk Preservelocation not on record
2
Denver, US
2
Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record
2
Kingston, US
2
Davenport, US
2
GAlocation not on record
1
Pullman, US
1
Cincinnati, US
1
University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record
1
Miami, US
1
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
1
Maryland Department of Natural Resourceslocation not on record
1
Asheville, US
1
Durham, US
1
Phoenix, US
1
Santa Barbara, US
1
Long Beach, US
1
Jackson, US
1
BAYLUlocation not on record
1
Richmond, US
1
Millersville, US
1
Dover, US
1
North Carolina Museum of Natural Scienceslocation not on record
1
Riverside, US
1
BClocation not on record
1
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
1
Chicago, US
1
54 institutions · 500 of 556 vouchered records shown · 56 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA2 detections
Where the DNA of Ilex laevigata was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found2
Studies independent surveys1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 2 detections have coordinates
Open the map0 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility645 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI2 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics2 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗