Le Houx cassine ou le Houx de Dahoon est une espèce d'arbustes sempervirent appartenant au genre Ilex de la famille des Aquifoliacée. Elle se développe dans les zones humides du sud-est de l'Amérique du Nord. Elle est utilisée comme thé et cultivée comme arbuste d'ornement.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 7.91 m · USDA: 7.92 m · TRY: 2 m
Life cycle & reproduction26
Bloom periodSpring
Coppice potentialYes
Deciduousnessevergreen
Dispersal typeanimal
Flower colouryellow
Flower conspicuousNo
Fruit seed period beginSummer
Fruit seed period endFall
Growth rate USDAModerate
Life formshrub or tree
Life spanperennial
Lifespan categoryShort
Propagated by bare rootYes
Propagated by bulbNo
Propagated by containerYes
Propagated by cormNo
Propagated by cuttingsNo
Propagated by seedYes
Propagated by sodNo
Propagated by sprigsNo
Propagated by tubersNo
Resprout abilityYes
Seed spread rateSlow
Seedling vigorLow
Sex typedioecious
Vegetative spread rateModerate
Habitat & environment25
Active growth periodSpring and Summer
Adapted to coarse textured soilsYes
Adapted to fine textured soilsYes
Adapted to medium textured soilsYes
BloatNone
Climatesubtropical
Climberself-supporting
Foliage colorDark Green
Foliage porosity summerDense
Foliage porosity winterDense
Foliage textureMedium
Fruit colourred
Fruit fleshinessfleshy
Fruit typedrupe
Growth formtree
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: tree · AusTraits: tree · TRY: S
Growth form USDASingle Stem
Hedge toleranceMedium
Known allelopathNo
Leaf retentionYes
Low growing grassNo
Mycorrhiza typearbuscular
Root depth min12 in
Shape and orientationErect
Small grainNo
Woodinesswoody
Physiology & chemistry22
Anaerobic toleranceHigh
Caco3 toleranceLow
Cold stratification requiredNo
Drought toleranceLow
Fertility requirementLow
Fire resistantNo
Fire toleranceHigh
Frost free days min200 days
Leaf c499 mg/g
Leaf n15.33 mg/g
Leaf p0.725 mg/g
Moisture useHigh
Nitrogen fixation levelNone
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Precipitation max65 in
Precipitation min45 in
Salinity toleranceLow
Shade toleranceLow
Soil pH max6.5 pH
Soil pH min3.5 pH
Specific leaf area (SLA)7.88 mm²/mg
Temperature min12 °F
Uses & economy14
Berry nut seed productNo
Christmas tree productNo
Commercial availabilityRoutinely Available
Fodder productNo
Lumber productNo
Naval store productNo
Nursery stock productNo
Palatable browse animalLow
Palatable graze animalLow
Palatable humanNo
Post productNo
Pulpwood productNo
ToxicitySlight
Veneer productNo
Other traits7
Fall conspicuousNo
Fruit seed abundanceHigh
Fruit seed conspicuousYes
Fruit seed persistenceYes
Height at 20yr7.92 m
Planting density max3 450 per acre
Planting density min1 746 per acre
03Chemical composition4 compounds
Compounds documented for Ilex cassine across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile2 classes
Flavonols3
Purine alkaloids1
Documented compounds4 total
Compound
Class
Amount
Source
Caffeine
present
LOTUS
Isorhamnetin
present
LOTUS
Kaempferol
present
LOTUS
Quercetin
present
LOTUS
05DNA & barcoding7 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Ilex cassine has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens7
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections5
Countries1
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK4★rbcL6★ITS★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type4 646 records
Wild obs. + sensor4 140
Museum / vouchered494
Cultivated / captive1
Fossil2
Other9
Origin
Native5
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO7 816 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy89% within 1 km
≤100 m 2 652≤1 km 464≤10 km 154>10 km 221
3 491 georeferenced · 649 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor4 140
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy21% within 1 km
≤100 m 5≤1 km 25≤10 km 34>10 km 80
144 georeferenced · 350 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence494
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy
no georeferenced coordinates · 1 records without
Open the mapnot free-living1
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions48 of 66 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Miami, US
71
Bronx, US
57
Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record
46
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
30
Bangkok, TH
26
Honolulu, US
23
BISHlocation not on record
20
Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record
17
US
14
Saint Louis, US
11
Wuzhou, CN
10
Bloomington, US
9
Tuscaloosa, US
9
Jackson, US
9
Tampa, US
9
Columbia, US
8
Tall Timbers Research Stationlocation not on record
7
Beijing, CN
7
Philadelphia, US
6
Chapel Hill, US
5
Clemson, US
5
AUAlocation not on record
4
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
4
Chicago, US
3
Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record
3
Burlington, US
3
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
3
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
3
Berlin, DE
3
Mount Pleasant, US
3
Knoxville, US
3
Williamsburg, US
2
Dover, US
2
Richmond, US
2
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
2
Canberra, AU
2
GAlocation not on record
2
Baltimore, US
2
Phoenix, US
2
San Angelo, US
2
Davis, US
2
Mississippi State, US
2
Florida Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
2
University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record
2
US
1
Denver, US
1
Hobart, AU
1
Dekalb, US
1
Weber State Universitylocation not on record
1
Brisbane, AU
1
Podgorica, ME
1
Kew, GB
1
College Park, US
1
EL PASO, US
1
Flagstaff, US
1
Due West, US
1
University of North Carolina at Pembrokelocation not on record
1
Lincoln, US
1
Madison, US
1
North Carolina Museum of Natural Scienceslocation not on record
1
Frankfurt am Main
1
Santa Barbara, US
1
Fort Worth, US
1
Long Beach, US
1
Montréal, CA
1
DOI/NPS, Mississippi National River & Recreation Arealocation not on record
1
66 institutions · 479 of 494 vouchered records shown · 15 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA5 detections
Where the DNA of Ilex cassine was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found5
Studies independent surveys1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 5 detections have coordinates
Open the map0 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility4 646 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI5 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics7 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗