Hydrangea macrophylla
(Thunb.) Ser. · speciesAt a glance
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Hydrangea macrophylla's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation17 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility11 125 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI42 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics44 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Hydrangea macrophylla by Abraham Jacobus Wendel, 1868 Hydrangea macrophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to Japan. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 2 m tall by 2.5 m broad with large heads of pink or blue flowers in summer and autumn. Common names include bigleaf hydrangea, French hydrangea, lacecap hydrangea, mophead hydrangea, penny mac and hortensia. It is widely cultivated in many parts of the world in many climates. It is not to be confused with H. aspera 'Macrophylla'.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology13
Life cycle & reproduction33
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment31
Physiology & chemistry21
Uses & economy13
Other traits7
Compounds documented for Hydrangea macrophylla across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds148 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Isofebrifugine | present | LOTUS | |
| (-)-Sweroside | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,3S,3aS,5aS,5bS,6S,7aS,9S,11aS,13aR,13bS)-3a,5a,8,8,11a,13a-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,5b,6,7,7a,9,10,11,13,13b-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-1,6,9-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R)-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyacetonitrile | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R)-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyacetonitrile | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetonitrile | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (3beta,21beta)-13,17-Dimethyl-A'-neo-26,28-dinorgammacer-9(11)-en-3-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydroisochromen-1-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroisochromen-1-one | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Hydrangea macrophylla has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Hydrangea macrophylla carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 366×CCDB · nw-europe-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-indian_vol1 +2
2n 201×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
2n 521×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
2n 541×CCDB · kew
n 182×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type11 125 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions111 of 191 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Chengdu, CN | 68 |
| Beijing, CN | 56 |
| Auckland, NZ | 30 |
| Durango, MX | 29 |
| Saint Louis, US | 25 |
| Nanjing, CN | 24 |
| Kochi, JP | 21 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 20 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 19 |
| Odawara, JP | 18 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 15 |
| Guilin, CN | 15 |
| Wuhan, CN | 14 |
| Chengdu, CN | 14 |
| Bronx, US | 10 |
| Wellington, NZ | 10 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 10 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 9 |
| Universidad Católica de Oriente (UCO)location not on record | 9 |
| Kunming, CN | 9 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 9 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 9 |
| Allentown, US | 9 |
| Tampa, US | 9 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 8 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 8 |
| Mexico City, MX | 8 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 7 |
| Clemson, US | 7 |
| Baroda, IN | 7 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 7 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 6 |
| Armidale, AU | 6 |
| Corvallis, US | 6 |
| Bangkok, TH | 6 |
| Chiba, JP | 6 |
| Museo naturalistico del Frignano Ferruccio Minghellilocation not on record | 6 |
| Görlitz, DE | 6 |
| Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Puerto Ayora, EC | 6 |
| Canberra, AU | 6 |
| Xiamen, CN | 5 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 5 |
| LDlocation not on record | 5 |
| Yangling, CN | 5 |
| Xian, CN | 5 |
| Universidad de La Salle (La Salle)location not on record | 5 |
| Hobart, AU | 5 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 4 |
| Beijing, CN | 4 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 4 |
| Wuhan, CN | 4 |
| College Park, US | 4 |
| San José, CR | 4 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 4 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 4 |
| Siouxland Heritage Museumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Nanchong, CN | 4 |
| Ischia Marine Centrelocation not on record | 4 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 4 |
| Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)location not on record | 3 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 3 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 3 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 3 |
| Badajoz, ES | 3 |
| Seoul, KR | 3 |
| Chicago, US | 3 |
| Guizhou Forestry Schoollocation not on record | 3 |
| Smithfield, AU | 3 |
| Mexico City, MX | 3 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| DNSMlocation not on record | 3 |
| South Kensington, GB | 3 |
| Bern, CH | 3 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 3 |
| Long Beach, US | 3 |
| Universidad Católica de Santa Maríalocation not on record | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| Brisbane, AU | 3 |
| Universidad de Nariño (UdeNar)location not on record | 3 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 2 |
| Chengdu, CN | 2 |
| Maringá, BR | 2 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 2 |
| PRClocation not on record | 2 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 2 |
| Adelaide, AU | 2 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 2 |
| Helsinki, FI | 2 |
| Guiyang, CN | 2 |
| Durban, ZA | 2 |
| Stockholm, SE | 2 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 2 |
| Norfolk, US | 2 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 2 |
| Blumenau, BR | 2 |
| JBSlocation not on record | 2 |
| HAWlocation not on record | 2 |
| Hiratsuka City Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| UFESlocation not on record | 2 |
| Columbia, US | 2 |
| Vitoria, ES | 2 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 2 |
| Federal University of Espírito Santolocation not on record | 2 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 2 |
| León, NI | 2 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 2 |
| QAUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 2 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| CASlocation not on record | 2 |
| Philadelphia, US | 2 |
| Salzburg, AT | 2 |
| MAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 2 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 2 |
| Berlin, DE | 2 |
| Pullman, US | 2 |
| Jiujiang Forestry Institutelocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad del Quindío (UniQuindío)location not on record | 1 |
| Guiyang, CN | 1 |
| UFPRlocation not on record | 1 |
| UDESC-CAVlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 1 |
| Minia, EG | 1 |
| Universidad Autónoma de Nayaritlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museum Of Natural And Environmental History, Shizuokalocation not on record | 1 |
| Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária, IPAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Uberlândia, BR | 1 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 1 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record | 1 |
| UEMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Honolulu, US | 1 |
| València, ES | 1 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Alexandria Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| UEMAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 1 |
| Dover, US | 1 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 1 |
| Awka, NG | 1 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 1 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Inner Mongolia Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Guiyang, CN | 1 |
| Londrina, BR | 1 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cascavel, BR | 1 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 1 |
| Kensington, AU | 1 |
| Miami, US | 1 |
| arosemena tola, EC | 1 |
| La Paz, BO | 1 |
| Riobamba, EC | 1 |
| San Francisco de Campeche, MX | 1 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 1 |
| Gump Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bothell, US | 1 |
| Macomb, US | 1 |
| Toyama, JP | 1 |
| Loja, EC | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFRPElocation not on record | 1 |
| BClocation not on record | 1 |
| Anhui Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Parkville, AU | 1 |
| 黔东南州民族医药研究所标本室location not on record | 1 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Shenzhen, CN | 1 |
| Tilburg, NL | 1 |
| Zhuzhou, CN | 1 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 1 |
| Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó (UTCH)location not on record | 1 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 1 |
| Changsha, CN | 1 |
| Lincoln, US | 1 |
| SDFlocation not on record | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankove, UA | 1 |
| Washington, US | 1 |
| SMMUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Botanical Gardenslocation not on record | 1 |
| Dekalb, US | 1 |
| Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paranálocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Hydrangea macrophylla was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.