A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Hieracium maculatum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens6
Marker genes2
eDNA detections3
Countries1
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK★ITS
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualHieracium maculatum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size5 155 527 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
THIS GENOME Hieracium maculatum5.16 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 36 n = 18
Ploidy3× triploid · measured
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 272×CCDB · hieracium · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · hieracium — Finch ined. in D.M. Moore 1982
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Finch. (1982). Flora Europaea Check-list and Chromosome Index. In D.M. Moore. Cambridge Univ. Press Pp. 283-286.
2n 361×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Schuhwerk, F. & W. Lippert. 1999. Chromosomenzahlen von Hieracium (Compositae, Lactuceae) Teil 3. Sendtnera 6: 197–214.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy27% within 1 km
≤100 m 1 171≤1 km 822≤10 km 5 414>10 km 80
7 487 georeferenced · 1 611 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor9 098
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy84% within 1 km
≤100 m 48≤1 km 93≤10 km 12>10 km 15
168 georeferenced · 537 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence705
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions17 of 51 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
BFLlocation not on record
235
Mlocation not on record
149
MeiseBGlocation not on record
50
BRNUlocation not on record
46
Provincia di Livornolocation not on record
26
Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record
25
MAlocation not on record
18
Görlitz, DE
15
Uppsala, SE
15
PrivatHerblocation not on record
13
LDlocation not on record
9
University of Bayreuthlocation not on record
8
Vancouver, CA
7
H-Dunkellocation not on record
7
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record
4
Frankfurt am Main
4
H-Gottschllocation not on record
4
John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
4
Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record
3
Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record
3
PRClocation not on record
3
Paris, FR
3
H-Meierottlocation not on record
3
Wlocation not on record
3
BSBIlocation not on record
3
H-AkrKGlocation not on record
3
Nijmegen, NL
2
Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record
2
Sagamihara, JP
2
LfUlocation not on record
2
Saint John, CA
2
Dresden, DE
2
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
2
University of Birminghamlocation not on record
2
H-Schuhwlocation not on record
2
Brussel, BE
1
Salzburg, AT
1
Berlin, DE
1
H-Dueringlocation not on record
1
Namur, BE
1
GJOlocation not on record
1
Bronx, US
1
BDBClocation not on record
1
South Kensington, GB
1
Monastir, TN
1
No collectionlocation not on record
1
BMlocation not on record
1
CJBNlocation not on record
1
H-HarzKurtlocation not on record
1
Portland, US
1
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
1
51 institutions · 697 of 705 vouchered records shown · 7 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA3 detections
Where the DNA of Hieracium maculatum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found3
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 3 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median13.6 °C 4.50–15.4
Seasonal swing summer↔winter15.0 °C
Max temp (day)17.6 °C 7.20–19.3
Min temp (night)8.90 °C 1.70–11.0
Precipitation74.5 mm/mo 69.0–82.6
Air humidity60.5 % 59.8–67.4
Moisture balance-35.6 mm/mo -43.6–43.4
Vapour deficit633 Pa 308–698
Wind speed4.10 m/s 3.00–4.30
Cloud cover37.8 % 34.2–62.4
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 3 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility9 837 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI3 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics6 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype