Heracleum mantegazzianum
Sommier & Levier · speciesAt a glance
Sources15 archives
Databases and archives Heracleum mantegazzianum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation15 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility218 567 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI13 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics27 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Heracleum mantegazzianum, commonly known as giant hogweed, is a monocarpic perennial herbaceous plant in the carrot family Apiaceae. H. mantegazzianum is also known as cartwheel-flower, giant cow parsley, giant cow parsnip, or hogsbane. In New Zealand, it is also sometimes called wild parsnip (not to be confused with Pastinaca sativa) or wild rhubarb. Giant hogweed is native to the western Caucasus region of Eurasia. It was introduced to Britain as an ornamental plant in the 19th century, and has also spread to other areas in Western Europe, the United States, and Canada. Its close relatives, Sosnowsky's hogweed and Persian hogweed, have similarly spread to other parts of Europe. The sap of giant hogweed is phototoxic and causes phytophotodermatitis in humans, resulting in blisters and scars. These serious reactions are due to the furanocoumarin derivatives in the leaves, roots, stems, flowers, and seeds of the plant. Consequently, it is considered to be a noxious weed in many jurisdictions.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology17
Life cycle & reproduction13
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment9
Physiology & chemistry5
Other traits2
Compounds documented for Heracleum mantegazzianum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds14 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (E,8S)-heptadec-9-en-4,6-diyn-8-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (Z,8S)-heptadec-9-en-4,6-diyn-8-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| 5,7-Dimethoxycoumarin | present | LOTUS | |
| 9-Hydroxy-8-[2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropan-2-yl]-8,9-dihydrofuro[2,3-h]chromen-2-one | present | LOTUS | |
| Bergapten | present | LOTUS | |
| gamma-Sitosterol | present | NPASS | |
| Imperatorin | present | LOTUS | |
| Isopimpinellin | present | LOTUS | |
| Phellopterin | present | LOTUS | |
| Pimpinellidine | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Heracleum mantegazzianum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Heracleum mantegazzianum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 2210×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · brit-fl +3
n 112×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn66
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type218 567 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions43 of 94 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| BFLlocation not on record | 133 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 74 |
| LDlocation not on record | 61 |
| Olocation not on record | 53 |
| Trondheim, NO | 48 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 47 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 45 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 35 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 33 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 30 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 29 |
| Oulu, FI | 29 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 23 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 21 |
| Tartu, EE | 19 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 18 |
| Victoria, CA | 17 |
| Toronto, CA | 14 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 12 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 11 |
| Wlocation not on record | 10 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 10 |
| Salzburg, AT | 10 |
| Madison, US | 9 |
| Görlitz, DE | 8 |
| Brussel, BE | 8 |
| Corvallis, US | 7 |
| Uppsala, SE | 7 |
| Pullman, US | 7 |
| Québec, CA | 7 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 7 |
| Bern, CH | 6 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 6 |
| Bergen, NO | 6 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 6 |
| Bronx, US | 5 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 4 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 4 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 4 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 4 |
| Kuopio, FI | 4 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 4 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 4 |
| Stockholm, SE | 4 |
| University of Hamburglocation not on record | 4 |
| Montréal, CA | 4 |
| Auckland, NZ | 3 |
| BClocation not on record | 3 |
| Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Burlington, US | 3 |
| Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record | 3 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 3 |
| University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 3 |
| Mlocation not on record | 3 |
| Saint John, CA | 3 |
| Wellington, NZ | 3 |
| Tallinn, EE | 3 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 3 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 3 |
| Dover, US | 3 |
| H-Wolflocation not on record | 3 |
| Portland, US | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 2 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 2 |
| Kandalaksha State Nature Reservelocation not on record | 2 |
| Winterthur, CH | 2 |
| South Kensington, GB | 2 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 2 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 2 |
| Vancouver, CA | 2 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 2 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 2 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 2 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 2 |
| nbflocation not on record | 1 |
| Namur, BE | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| Royal Botanical Gardenslocation not on record | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| Adelaide, AU | 1 |
| Acadia Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Barcelona, ES | 1 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of British Columbia, Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| LfUlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 1 |
| Glarus, CH | 1 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 1 |
| H-Diewaldlocation not on record | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Heracleum mantegazzianum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.