Helleborus argutifolius

Viv. · species

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Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ranunculales/Ranunculaceae/Helleborus

At a glance

Occurrence records4 407

Data sources7

Biological traits1

DNA specimens1

eDNA detections1

Sources7 archives

Databases and archives Helleborus argutifolius's data was compiled from.

WikipediaWikimedia Foundation3 languages↗

BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility4 407 records↗

ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI1 eDNA detections↗

BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics1 specimens↗

GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗

GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗

On this page6 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

NarrativeWikipediaarticle

Traits & measurements1 literature sources1 traits

Occurrence & distributionGBIF4 407 records

Environmental DNA1 datasets · 1 countries1 detections

DNA & barcodingBOLD1 specimens

Genome at a glanceGoaT9.1 Gbp

01Narrative

Helleborus argutifolius, the holly-leaved hellebore, or Corsican hellebore, syn. H. corsicus, H. lividus subsp. corsicus is a species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Corsica and Sardinia. It is an evergreen perennial growing to 120 cm tall by 90 cm wide, with large leathery leaves comprising three spiny-toothed leaflets, and green bowl-shaped flowers in late winter and early spring. The Latin specific epithet argutifolius means “with sharp-toothed leaves” . In cultivation Helleborus argutifolius hybridises readily with the closely related H. lividus. H. argutifolius has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

No narrative description available for this taxon yet.

02Traits & measurements

SourcesGIFT

Life cycle & reproduction1

Flowering startDec

05DNA & barcoding1 specimens

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Helleborus argutifolius has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

DNA specimens1

Marker genes1

eDNA detections1

Countries1

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★matK

plant barcode

06Genome at a glanceGoaT

The complete instruction manual Helleborus argutifolius carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Genome size9 095 400 000 bp

Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).

BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb

FUNGUS0.04 Gb

INSECT0.25 Gb

HUMAN3.2 Gb

THIS GENOME Helleborus argutifolius9.1 Gb

WHEAT17 Gb

FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.

Chromosomes2n = 32 n = 16

Ploidy2× diploid · measured

Chromosome records32–322n range32median32mode2records

Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references

2n 322×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗

Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources

diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type4 407 records

Wild obs. + sensor4 385

Museum / vouchered18

Cultivated / captive1

Other3

Origin

Introduced215

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO6 772 km²

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

Coordinate accuracy78% within 1 km

≤100 m 2 877≤1 km 303≤10 km 859>10 km 28

4 067 georeferenced · 318 without coordinates

Open the mapobservation + sensor4 385

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy67% within 1 km

≤1 km 4≤10 km 2

6 georeferenced · 12 without coordinates

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence18

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.

Coordinate accuracy100% within 1 km

≤100 m 1

1 georeferenced

Open the mapnot free-living1

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions5 of 8 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
WTUlocation not on record	5
Bronx, US	1
Riverside, US	1
Bangkok, TH	1
Long Beach, US	1
Pullman, US	1
MeiseBGlocation not on record	1
BClocation not on record	1

8 institutions · 12 of 18 vouchered records shown · 5 without an institution code

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.

09Environmental DNA1 detections

Where the DNA of Helleborus argutifolius was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.

Signal

Detections DNA found1

Studies independent surveys1

Countries1

Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections

Where its DNA was found

0 of 1 detections have coordinates

Open the map1 country0

How strong is each trace?

DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.

Modelled climatemodelled

−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C

Temperature median11.3 °C 11.3–11.3

Seasonal swing summer↔winter15.8 °C

Max temp (day)15.1 °C

Min temp (night)7.30 °C

Precipitation76.5 mm/mo

Air humidity62.5 %

Moisture balance-8.00 mm/mo

Vapour deficit552 Pa

Wind speed4.60 m/s

Cloud cover41.8 %

CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 1 detection point · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche

How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.

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Helleborus argutifolius

At a glance

Sources7 archives

Life cycle & reproduction1

At a glance

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

Record type4 407 records

Origin

Range

Wildobservation + sensor

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

Wildobservation + sensor

Holding institutions5 of 8 geolocated

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

Signal

Where its DNA was found

How strong is each trace?

Modelled climatemodelled

Record type4 407 records