Grayia spinosa
(Hook.) Moq. · speciesAt a glance
Sources11 archives
Databases and archives Grayia spinosa's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility4 529 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI7 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics8 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Grayia spinosa is a species of the genus Grayia in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, which is known by the common names hop sage and spiny hop sage. It is widely distributed across the Western United States, where it grows in a number of desert and mountain habitats.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology4
Life cycle & reproduction24
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment24
Physiology & chemistry22
Uses & economy15
Other traits7
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Grayia spinosa has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Grayia spinosa carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 364×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · eflora
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · family-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type4 529 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions59 of 83 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Claremont, US | 287 |
| Riverside, US | 135 |
| Bronx, US | 132 |
| Pullman, US | 105 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 64 |
| Corvallis, US | 63 |
| CASlocation not on record | 55 |
| Pocatello, US | 40 |
| Caldwell, US | 32 |
| Boise, US | 32 |
| Davis, US | 30 |
| Provo, US | 29 |
| Logan, US | 29 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 28 |
| San Diego, US | 27 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 26 |
| Los Angeles, US | 23 |
| Henderson, US | 23 |
| Moscow, US | 22 |
| Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record | 22 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 21 |
| Flagstaff, US | 19 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 17 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 16 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 16 |
| Phoenix, US | 16 |
| US | 13 |
| Eastern Nevada Landscape Coalitionlocation not on record | 13 |
| Arcata, US | 13 |
| Bozeman, US | 10 |
| Bend, US | 9 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 9 |
| DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record | 9 |
| Irvine, US | 8 |
| Northridge, US | 8 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 7 |
| EL PASO, US | 6 |
| Orem, US | 6 |
| Angwin, US | 6 |
| San Jose, US | 6 |
| Ashland, US | 5 |
| Grand Junction, US | 5 |
| Bandelier National Monumentlocation not on record | 5 |
| Long Beach, US | 5 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 4 |
| Durango, US | 4 |
| IDElocation not on record | 4 |
| Tacoma, US | 4 |
| Mexico City, MX | 3 |
| VALElocation not on record | 3 |
| Saint Louis, US | 3 |
| Missoula, US | 3 |
| Portland, US | 3 |
| Chadron, US | 3 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 2 |
| Weber State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Cheney, US | 2 |
| Mexico City, MX | 2 |
| Denver, US | 2 |
| Fredericton Stock Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| Millersville, US | 2 |
| Bureau of Land Managementlocation not on record | 2 |
| Turlock, US | 2 |
| San Angelo, US | 2 |
| US | 1 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
| Pittsburg, US | 1 |
| Tampa, US | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 1 |
| INFlocation not on record | 1 |
| Albuquerque, US | 1 |
| New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Sciencelocation not on record | 1 |
| Santa Cruz, US | 1 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
| Yellowstone National Park Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wellington, NZ | 1 |
| Fargo, US | 1 |
| Lubbock, US | 1 |
Where the DNA of Grayia spinosa was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.