Gloydius halys
(Pallas, 1776) · speciesAt a glance
Sources8 archives
Databases and archives Gloydius halys's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation2 languages↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility287 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI48 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics33 specimens↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Common names: Siberian pit viper,Gloyd HK, Conant R (1990). Snakes of the Agkistrodon Complex: A Monographic Review. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 614 pp. 52 plates. LCCN 89-50342. . Halys viper,Gotch AF (1986). Reptiles – Their Latin Names Explained. Poole, UK: Blandford Press. 176 pp. . Halys pit viper,Steward JW (1971). The Snakes of Europe. Cranbury, New Jersey: Associated University Press (Fairleigh Dickinson University Press). 238 pp. LCCCN 77-163307. . more. Gloydius halys is a venomous pitviper species found within a wide range that stretches across Asia, from Russia, east of the Urals, eastwards through China. Five subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominotypical form described here.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Life cycle & reproduction1
Compounds documented for Gloydius halys across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile4 classes
Documented compounds8 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2E,4E,7S)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4,10-triene | present | NPASS | |
| (2E,4E,7S)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-diene | present | NPASS | |
| (2Z,4E,7R)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4,10-triene | present | NPASS | |
| (2Z,4E,7R)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-diene | present | NPASS | |
| (E,E)-7,11,15-Trimethyl-3-methylene-hexadeca-1,6,10,14-tetraene | present | NPASS | |
| 1,5,9-Cyclotetradecatriene, 13-isopropenyl-2,6,10-trimethyl-, (-)- | present | NPASS | |
| beta-Farnesene | present | NPASS | |
| Squalene | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Gloydius halys has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Gloydius halys carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 361×GoaT · Animal Chromosome Counts Database
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type287 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions6 of 7 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Wuzhou, CN | 9 |
| CASlocation not on record | 3 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Los Angeles, US | 1 |
| Berkeley, US | 1 |
| Copenhagen, DK | 1 |
Where the DNA of Gloydius halys was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.