Gillenia trifoliata, common name Bowman's root or Indian physic, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, native to eastern North America from Ontario to Georgia. It is an erect herbaceous perennial growing to 100 cm tall by 60 cm wide, with 3-palmate leaves and pale pink flowers with narrow petals and reddish calyces above red coloured stems in spring and summer. In cultivation, this plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It is very hardy to -20 C or lower, but requires a sheltered position in partial shade, with acid or neutral soil. The root was dried and powdered by Native Americans and used as both a laxative and emetic.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Gillenia trifoliata has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens8
Marker genes3
eDNA detections5
Countries1
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK★rbcL★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualGillenia trifoliata carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size405 870 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Gillenia trifoliata0.41 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelChromosome
Completeness98% BUSCO
07Deep time~18 Ma lineage
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin18 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type2 277 records
Wild obs. + sensor1 797
Museum / vouchered472
Cultivated / captive7
Fossil1
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO6 000 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy79% within 1 km
≤100 m 1 006≤1 km 154≤10 km 131>10 km 175
1 466 georeferenced · 331 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor1 797
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy29% within 1 km
≤100 m 16≤1 km 93≤10 km 229>10 km 37
375 georeferenced · 97 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence472
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy100% within 1 km
≤1 km 2
2 georeferenced · 5 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living7
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions38 of 54 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Philadelphia, US
174
Bangkok, TH
31
Knoxville, US
24
College Park, US
23
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
23
Chapel Hill, US
23
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
17
Williamsburg, US
16
Allentown, US
14
Johnson City, US
9
Bloomington, US
6
Millersville, US
6
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
6
Asheville, US
6
Saint Louis, US
6
University of Tennessee at Chattanoogalocation not on record
4
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
4
Fayetteville, US
4
West Virginia Wesleyan Collegelocation not on record
3
Burlington, US
3
Tampa, US
3
Staten Island, US
3
Tuscaloosa, US
2
Denver, US
2
Edinburgh, GB
2
BAYLUlocation not on record
2
Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record
2
Durham, US
2
Vancouver, CA
2
LDlocation not on record
2
Maryland Department of Natural Resourceslocation not on record
2
GAlocation not on record
2
Flagstaff, US
1
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
1
Columbia, US
1
Davis, US
1
Helsinki, FI
1
San Angelo, US
1
Berlin, DE
1
James F. Matthews Center for Biodiversity Studieslocation not on record
1
Guangzhou, CN
1
Taipei, TW
1
Lord Fairfax Community Collegelocation not on record
1
Jackson, US
1
Northridge, US
1
US
1
China Agricultural Universitylocation not on record
1
Brookings, US
1
University of North Carolina at Pembrokelocation not on record
1
Boise, US
1
Toronto, CA
1
New Haven, US
1
Chicago, US
1
Philadelphia, US
1
54 institutions · 450 of 472 vouchered records shown · 22 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA5 detections
Where the DNA of Gillenia trifoliata was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found5
Studies independent surveys1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 5 detections have coordinates
Open the map0 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation5 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 277 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI5 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics8 specimens↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗