Galium circaezans, common name licorice bedstraw or wild licorice, is a plant species in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to the eastern half of the United States from the Great Plains to the Atlantic, plus Quebec and Ontario. There are also a few isolated populations in Washington state, probably adventive.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: herb · TRY: Subshrub, Forb/herb
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry5
Leaf C:N ratio33.34 g/g
Leaf c443 mg/g
Leaf n15.64 mg/g
Leaf p1.75 mg/g
Specific leaf area (SLA)28.7 mm²/mg
05DNA & barcoding15 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Galium circaezans has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens15
Marker genes6
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections6
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK4★rbcL4★rbcLa★ITS2★ITS2trnH-psbA
plant barcodefungal barcodemarker
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualGalium circaezans carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy83% within 1 km
≤100 m 1 737≤1 km 379≤10 km 113>10 km 326
2 555 georeferenced · 697 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor3 252
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy42% within 1 km
≤100 m 150≤1 km 339≤10 km 597>10 km 79
1 165 georeferenced · 687 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 852
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 1
1 georeferenced
Open the mapnot free-living1
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions81 of 122 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Philadelphia, US
230
Wuzhou, CN
166
Bloomington, US
148
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
98
Bronx, US
73
Saint Louis, US
70
Williamsburg, US
62
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
54
Ann Arbor, US
51
New Haven, US
46
DOI/NPS, Mississippi National River & Recreation Arealocation not on record
45
Allentown, US
45
Burlington, US
38
Jackson, US
31
Toronto, CA
30
Université Lavallocation not on record
30
Bangkok, TH
29
University of New Hampshirelocation not on record
25
College Park, US
24
Tuscaloosa, US
23
Fort Worth, US
22
Emporia, US
21
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
21
Austin, US
20
Madison, US
19
Chapel Hill, US
18
Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record
16
Québec, CA
14
Knoxville, US
14
Montréal, CA
13
McWane Science Centerlocation not on record
13
BAYLUlocation not on record
13
Pittsburg, US
12
Fayetteville, US
11
Johnson City, US
10
Conway, US
9
Davenport, US
9
Staten Island, US
9
Dekalb, US
8
Columbia, US
8
Millersville, US
8
Chadron, US
8
Lincoln, US
8
Tempe, US
7
Edmonton, CA
7
University of Tennessee at Chattanoogalocation not on record
7
GB
5
Fairfax, US
5
Kirksville, US
5
Norfolk, US
5
Riverside, US
5
China Agricultural Universitylocation not on record
5
San Angelo, US
4
AUAlocation not on record
4
Acadia Universitylocation not on record
4
Washington, US
4
Dover, US
4
Jefferson City, US
4
Springfield, US
4
Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record
4
Asheville, US
3
GAlocation not on record
3
US
3
Smithsonian Institutionlocation not on record
3
Macomb, US
3
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
3
LINUlocation not on record
3
Chicago, US
3
Durango, MX
2
Mohonk Preservelocation not on record
2
Maryland Department of Natural Resourceslocation not on record
2
Whitewater, US
2
Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record
2
Clemson, US
2
University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record
2
Lord Fairfax Community Collegelocation not on record
2
Phoenix, US
2
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
2
Whitehorse, CA
1
Denver, US
1
Little Rock, US
1
Pullman, US
1
Lubbock, US
1
Minia, EG
1
Wlocation not on record
1
Durham, US
1
Meguro Parasitological Museumlocation not on record
1
US
1
DOI/NPS, Selma to Montgomery National Historic Traillocation not on record
1
UMKClocation not on record
1
Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record
1
Miami, US
1
San Diego, US
1
Philadelphia, US
1
Flagstaff, US
1
Mississippi State, US
1
University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record
1
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record
1
University of Wisconsinlocation not on record
1
Western Carolina Universitylocation not on record
1
Royal Botanical Gardenslocation not on record
1
Columbus State Universitylocation not on record
1
Green Bay, US
1
Richmond, US
1
Mount Pleasant, US
1
New Brunswick, US
1
Ypsilanti, US
1
Tennessee Technological Universitylocation not on record
1
Weymouth Woods Sandhills Nature Preservelocation not on record
1
Fargo, US
1
Durango, US
1
Beijing, CN
1
Denton, US
1
Kingston, US
1
Boise, US
1
Keene State Universitylocation not on record
1
Brock University (BU)location not on record
1
Waverly, US
1
EL PASO, US
1
ASUlocation not on record
1
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
1
Oskarshamn, SE
1
122 institutions · 1 793 of 1 852 vouchered records shown · 59 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA6 detections
Where the DNA of Galium circaezans was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found6
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 6 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median19.2 °C 14.0–22.6
Seasonal swing summer↔winter23.3 °C
Max temp (day)24.2 °C 18.6–28.0
Min temp (night)14.9 °C 9.70–17.3
Precipitation101 mm/mo 87.7–133
Air humidity56.9 % 56.0–57.8
Moisture balance-35.1 mm/mo -61.3–1.10
Vapour deficit959 Pa 751–1,175
Wind speed3.00 m/s 2.40–3.60
Cloud cover40.9 % 34.6–42.7
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 5 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation2 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility5 105 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI6 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics15 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗