Galium bifolium is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common names twinleaf bedstraw and low mountain bedstraw. It is native to western North America from British Columbia south to California and east to New Mexico, Colorado, South Dakota and Alberta.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant FamiliesBiota of North America Program It grows in mountain forests and high-elevation plateaus. Galium bifolium is an annual herb standing erect to a maximum height of about 15 centimeters. Leaves grow in whorls of four divided into two pairs. The foliage is hairless and sometimes slightly fleshy. The solitary flowers have three white tepals and the fruit is a round nutlet covered in shiny white hairs.Jepson Manual Treatment
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Galium bifolium has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens2
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences2
eDNA detections1
Countries1
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★rbcL1★rbcLa★ITS1★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type1 132 records
Wild obs. + sensor98
Museum / vouchered1 034
Origin
Native28
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO3 204 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy93% within 1 km
≤100 m 66≤1 km 3≤10 km 1>10 km 4
74 georeferenced · 24 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor98
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy67% within 1 km
≤100 m 84≤1 km 283≤10 km 173>10 km 10
550 georeferenced · 484 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 034
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions47 of 71 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Bronx, US
86
Moscow, US
64
WTUlocation not on record
62
Corvallis, US
59
Boise, US
58
Claremont, US
45
Pullman, US
45
Pocatello, US
37
Arcata, US
36
Angwin, US
33
Provo, US
32
DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record
29
DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record
24
Riverside, US
22
Davis, US
20
Caldwell, US
19
Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record
18
Missoula, US
17
Bozeman, US
15
CASlocation not on record
14
Flagstaff, US
14
Wuzhou, CN
14
Logan, US
12
Denver, US
12
San Luis Obispo, US
12
Henderson, US
11
Santa Barbara, US
10
Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratorylocation not on record
10
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
8
Pittsburg, US
8
Fredericton Stock Culture Collectionlocation not on record
8
San Diego, US
7
Phoenix, US
7
Victoria, CA
7
Vancouver, CA
7
Ashland, US
6
US
6
Chadron, US
6
Cheney, US
6
Orem, US
6
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
5
Eastern Nevada Landscape Coalitionlocation not on record
4
ASUlocation not on record
4
Weber State Universitylocation not on record
4
DOI/NPS, Craters of the Moon National Monument & Preservelocation not on record
4
Grand Junction, US
3
US
3
Bloomington, US
2
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
2
Saint Louis, US
2
Northridge, US
2
Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record
2
KNFHClocation not on record
2
BAYLUlocation not on record
1
Truckee, US
1
KNFYlocation not on record
1
Bangkok, TH
1
Minia, EG
1
Durango, US
1
VALElocation not on record
1
Emporia, US
1
Research Collection of B. A. Bennettlocation not on record
1
HJAEFlocation not on record
1
New Haven, US
1
Albuquerque, US
1
STNFlocation not on record
1
Bandelier National Monumentlocation not on record
1
Whitehorse, CA
1
Chapel Hill, US
1
San Jose, US
1
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
1
71 institutions · 969 of 1 034 vouchered records shown · 65 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA1 detections
Where the DNA of Galium bifolium was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found1
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 1 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median9.70 °C 9.70–9.70
Seasonal swing summer↔winter23.9 °C
Max temp (day)15.5 °C
Min temp (night)3.10 °C
Precipitation127 mm/mo
Air humidity54.4 %
Moisture balance3.50 mm/mo
Vapour deficit553 Pa
Wind speed2.70 m/s
Cloud cover38.6 %
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 1 detection point · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation3 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 132 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI1 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics2 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗