Galeopsis ladanum
speciesAt a glance
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Galeopsis ladanum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation8 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility25 480 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI2 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics4 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
DISPLAYTITLE Galeopsis ladanum var. angustifolia, the red hemp-nettle, is a European annual plant growing to 30 cm tall. It flowers between June and October on waste ground, railway tracks, and other stony places. It is classified as critically endangered, having declined dramatically in the last 60 years due to increased fertiliser and herbicide. Modern farming techniques such as autumn cultivation have also affected the plant because they are killed before they have set seed.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology13
Life cycle & reproduction12
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment7
Physiology & chemistry4
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Galeopsis ladanum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile3 classes
Documented compounds12 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (3S,4S,6S)-6-[5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| 6-methoxy-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-2-one | present | NPASS | |
| 7-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-methoxychromen-2-one | present | NPASS | |
| Apigenin 7-O-glucuronide | present | LOTUS | |
| Apiumetrin | present | LOTUS | |
| Luteolin 7-glucuronide | present | LOTUS | |
| Octadecadienoate | present | LOTUS | |
| Octadecadienoic acid, (Z,Z)- | present | LOTUS | |
| Octadecatrienic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| Octadecatrinoic acid | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Galeopsis ladanum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Galeopsis ladanum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1625×CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · nw-europe-fl +6
n 83×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type25 480 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions70 of 141 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| LDlocation not on record | 436 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 434 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 297 |
| Uppsala, SE | 228 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 151 |
| Zürich, CH | 148 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 129 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 124 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 119 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 116 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 108 |
| Olocation not on record | 105 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 91 |
| Kuopio, FI | 89 |
| Tartu, EE | 74 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 59 |
| Barcelona, ES | 58 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 56 |
| Mlocation not on record | 55 |
| Oulu, FI | 50 |
| Görlitz, DE | 49 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 43 |
| Turku, FI | 37 |
| Tallinn, EE | 36 |
| Philadelphia, US | 36 |
| Salzburg, AT | 35 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 34 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 31 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 28 |
| Zürich, CH | 27 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 24 |
| Bergen, NO | 23 |
| Bern, CH | 23 |
| Trondheim, NO | 21 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 20 |
| Naturhistorische Gesellschaft Nürnberg e.V.location not on record | 18 |
| Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical Universitylocation not on record | 18 |
| Helsinki, FI | 17 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 16 |
| South Kensington, GB | 15 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 15 |
| Berlin, DE | 15 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 14 |
| BClocation not on record | 11 |
| Dresden, DE | 11 |
| Porvoo, FI | 10 |
| Podgorica, ME | 10 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 9 |
| Bourges, FR | 9 |
| MAlocation not on record | 9 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 9 |
| Madrid, ES | 8 |
| Pamplona, ES | 7 |
| The Tula Region State Institution of Culture "Tula Museum Association"location not on record | 7 |
| PRClocation not on record | 7 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 7 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 7 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 7 |
| Vitoria, ES | 6 |
| UGentlocation not on record | 6 |
| Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowielocation not on record | 6 |
| Wlocation not on record | 5 |
| València, ES | 5 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 5 |
| Forssa, FI | 5 |
| Senckenberg Institute for Plant Form and Function at Friedrich Schiller University Jenalocation not on record | 5 |
| Paris, FR | 4 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Fulda, DE | 4 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 4 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 4 |
| Burlington, US | 4 |
| Denver, US | 3 |
| Wellington, NZ | 3 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 3 |
| Philadelphia, US | 3 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 3 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 3 |
| Bundesamt für Naturschutzlocation not on record | 3 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 3 |
| Sevilla, ES | 3 |
| Dhaka, BD | 3 |
| Winterthur, CH | 2 |
| Granada, ES | 2 |
| Saint John, CA | 2 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 2 |
| Bronx, US | 2 |
| Bloomington, US | 2 |
| BG-NMNHSlocation not on record | 2 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 2 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 2 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 2 |
| Monastir, TN | 2 |
| Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberglocation not on record | 2 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Dekalb, US | 2 |
| European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT)location not on record | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiejlocation not on record | 2 |
| PRlocation not on record | 2 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 2 |
| Salvador, BR | 2 |
| H-Schuhwlocation not on record | 2 |
| Québec, CA | 2 |
| Sion, CH | 1 |
| Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocagelocation not on record | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
| Alicante, ES | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 1 |
| UoB-IBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaftlocation not on record | 1 |
| sonstHerblocation not on record | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| FLADlocation not on record | 1 |
| Prioksko-Terrasnyi Biosphere Reservelocation not on record | 1 |
| Boumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 1 |
| NTNU University Museum, Department of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Bangkok, TH | 1 |
| NMBU:MINAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 1 |
| Green Bay, US | 1 |
| Montréal, CA | 1 |
| Bozeman, US | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| H-Kalheberlocation not on record | 1 |
| 1 | |
| Garðabær, IS | 1 |
| Musée des Confluenceslocation not on record | 1 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Hobart, AU | 1 |
| EL PASO, US | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| STUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Institute of the biological problems of the North FEB RASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankove, UA | 1 |
| Oswego, US | 1 |
| Samara National Research Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Brussel, BE | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Galeopsis ladanum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.