Galeopsis bifida
Boenn. · speciesAt a glance
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Galeopsis bifida's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation10 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility112 128 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI14 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics22 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Galeopsis bifida is an annual plant native to Europe and Asia but now found in Canada and the northeastern, midwestern parts of the United States. It has many common names such as bifid hemp-nettle, split-lip hemp-nettle, common hemp-nettle, and large-flowered hemp-nettle. The genus name means weasel-like, referring to the corolla of the flower. It is often confused with other species of Lamiaceae such as Mentha arvensis, Dracocephalum parviflorum and Stachys pilosa.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology8
Life cycle & reproduction14
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment10
Physiology & chemistry2
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Galeopsis bifida across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds46 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (11Z,14Z)-16-[(2S,3R)-3-ethyloxiran-2-yl]hexadeca-11,14-dienoic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R)-N-[(3R,4R,7R,10Z)-7-benzyl-5,8-dioxo-3-phenyl-2-oxa-6,9-diazabicyclo[10.2.2]hexadeca-1(14),10,12,15-tetraen-4-yl]-1-[(2S)-2-(dimethylamino)-3-phenylpropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide | present | NPASS | |
| (3S,4S,6S)-6-[5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (7Z,10Z)-12-[(2S,3R)-3-ethyloxiran-2-yl]dodeca-7,10-dienoic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (9E,12Z)-14-[(2S,3R)-3-ethyloxiran-2-yl]tetradeca-9,12-dienoic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (9Z,12Z)-14-[(2S,3S)-3-ethyloxiran-2-yl]tetradeca-9,12-dienoic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (E)-10-oxooctadec-8-enoic Acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (E)-9-oxooctadec-10-enoic Acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (Z)-9-[(2S,3R)-3-pentyloxiran-2-yl]non-7-enoic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| 10-Ketostearic acid | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Galeopsis bifida has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Galeopsis bifida carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 3230×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · iapt +8
2n 163×CCDB · book-fedorov
2n 301×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
n 161×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type112 128 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions104 of 197 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 2 157 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 308 |
| LDlocation not on record | 274 |
| Beijing, CN | 215 |
| Uppsala, SE | 183 |
| Olocation not on record | 178 |
| Chengdu, CN | 166 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 162 |
| Oulu, FI | 144 |
| Turku, FI | 90 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 90 |
| Kunming, CN | 88 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 84 |
| Trondheim, NO | 80 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 73 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 69 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 67 |
| Bergen, NO | 60 |
| Yangling, CN | 59 |
| Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 52 |
| Kuopio, FI | 51 |
| Tartu, EE | 50 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 50 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 50 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 48 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 43 |
| Chengdu, CN | 43 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 39 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 38 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 36 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 31 |
| Görlitz, DE | 29 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 26 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 24 |
| South Kensington, GB | 22 |
| Salzburg, AT | 22 |
| Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical Universitylocation not on record | 21 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 19 |
| Seoul, KR | 19 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 18 |
| Helsinki, FI | 18 |
| Kandalaksha State Nature Reservelocation not on record | 18 |
| Burlington, US | 16 |
| Berlin, DE | 16 |
| Kushiro City Museumlocation not on record | 16 |
| KIRMlocation not on record | 16 |
| Denver, US | 16 |
| Mlocation not on record | 15 |
| Philadelphia, US | 15 |
| Odawara, JP | 14 |
| Tallinn, EE | 14 |
| Cambridge, US | 14 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 14 |
| Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiejlocation not on record | 13 |
| Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowielocation not on record | 13 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 13 |
| Chicago, US | 12 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 12 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 11 |
| Saint John, CA | 11 |
| Sanda, JP | 11 |
| Urumqi, CN | 11 |
| Porvoo, FI | 11 |
| Xining, CN | 11 |
| Obihiro Centennial City Museumlocation not on record | 10 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 10 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 9 |
| WNNUlocation not on record | 9 |
| Stockholm, SE | 8 |
| Durham, US | 8 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 8 |
| Yunnan Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 8 |
| Otaru, JP | 8 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 7 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 7 |
| IWEP FEB RASlocation not on record | 7 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 7 |
| 东北师范大学自然博物馆location not on record | 7 |
| Forest Survey and Design Institute, Forestry Administrative Bureau of Daxinganlinglocation not on record | 7 |
| Rovaniemi, FI | 7 |
| Toyama, JP | 6 |
| Chengdu, CN | 5 |
| Kew, GB | 5 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 5 |
| Dresden, DE | 5 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 5 |
| Montréal, CA | 5 |
| DOI/FWS, Kenai National Wildlife Refugelocation not on record | 5 |
| Kyoto Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 5 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 5 |
| Brookings, US | 5 |
| Inner Mongolia Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| Wlocation not on record | 4 |
| GMBAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 4 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Philadelphia, US | 4 |
| JMSlocation not on record | 4 |
| Guilin, CN | 4 |
| Cambridge, US | 4 |
| PRClocation not on record | 4 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 4 |
| Institute of the biological problems of the North FEB RASlocation not on record | 4 |
| 4 | |
| Bloomington, US | 4 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 3 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 3 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 3 |
| Nanjing, CN | 3 |
| Madison, US | 3 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 3 |
| Whitehorse, CA | 3 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 3 |
| Anchorage, US | 3 |
| Nanjing, CN | 3 |
| Tilburg, NL | 3 |
| Dekalb, US | 3 |
| Xiamen, CN | 3 |
| The Tula Region State Institution of Culture "Tula Museum Association"location not on record | 3 |
| Riverside, US | 3 |
| Victoria, CA | 3 |
| Chiba, JP | 3 |
| ENTClocation not on record | 3 |
| Fulda, DE | 3 |
| Shanghai, CN | 3 |
| Wuhan, CN | 3 |
| Podgorica, ME | 3 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 3 |
| Chadron, US | 3 |
| Sendai, JP | 2 |
| EL PASO, US | 2 |
| SWlocation not on record | 2 |
| Taipei, TW | 2 |
| Québec, CA | 2 |
| MAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Saint Louis, US | 2 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 2 |
| WINlocation not on record | 2 |
| Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologialocation not on record | 2 |
| Beijing Normal Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Kiritappu Wetland National Trustlocation not on record | 2 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 2 |
| Tula State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Bourges, FR | 2 |
| Taipei, TW | 2 |
| Fribourg, CH | 1 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 1 |
| San Francisco, US | 1 |
| Urumqi, CN | 1 |
| Shanxi Institute of Biologylocation not on record | 1 |
| Muséum d'histoire naturelle Jacques de la Comblelocation not on record | 1 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 1 |
| Awka, NG | 1 |
| Yukon Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record | 1 |
| Sapporo, JP | 1 |
| BGBMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wuhan, CN | 1 |
| Guiyang, CN | 1 |
| València, ES | 1 |
| Glarus, CH | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| Nagano City, JP | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| Universität Basel, Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Morgantown, US | 1 |
| FFPRIlocation not on record | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Opolskilocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Zürich, CH | 1 |
| Fukushima Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| München, DE | 1 |
| Auckland, NZ | 1 |
| Forssa, FI | 1 |
| Phoenix, US | 1 |
| BG-NMNHSlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 1 |
| PrivatHerblocation not on record | 1 |
| Orem, US | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| BClocation not on record | 1 |
| Students On Ice Foundationlocation not on record | 1 |
| H-AkrKGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| Garðabær, IS | 1 |
| NoColllocation not on record | 1 |
| nbflocation not on record | 1 |
| Barcelona, ES | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| The State Museum-Preserve "The Kulikovo pole"location not on record | 1 |
| Vancouver, CA | 1 |
| Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Galeopsis bifida was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.