Fraxinus excelsior
speciesAt a glance
Sources16 archives
Databases and archives Fraxinus excelsior's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 442 610 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI293 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics71 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Le Frêne élevé ou Frêne commun est une espèce de plantes à fleurs de la famille des Oléacées. C'est un arbre commun des forêts d'Europe, à bois clair, dur et élastique.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology20
Life cycle & reproduction15
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment14
Physiology & chemistry9
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Fraxinus excelsior across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds51 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1S,9S,10R)-3-hydroxy-4,13-dimethoxy-17-methyl-17-azatetracyclo[7.5.3.01,10.02,7]heptadeca-2(7),3,5,13-tetraen-12-one | present | NPASS | |
| (2S,4S,E)-Methyl 3-ethylidene-4-(2-oxo-2-(((2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(4-hydroxyphenethoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)methoxy)ethyl)-2-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate | present | LOTUS | |
| (5R,6R,7S,8S)-6,7,8-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| 10-Hydroxyligstroside | present | LOTUS | |
| 2H-Pyran-4-acetic acid, 3-ethylidene-2-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester, [2S-(2alpha,3E,4beta)]-; Ligstroside | present | LOTUS | |
| 6,7,8-Trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-2-one | present | LOTUS | |
| 8-Epi-kingsidic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| 8-Epikingiside | present | LOTUS | |
| Acteoside;Kusaginin;TJC160 | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Fraxinus excelsior has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Fraxinus excelsior carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 4633×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · GoaT · Tree of Sex Database · GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database +12
2n 481×CCDB · brit-fl
n 231×CCDB · Cave1963
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The solid bar is the fossil range: the span between the oldest and the youngest fossil that palaeontologists have assigned to Fraxinus excelsior. Above itBeside it, each dot is one dated fossil find — few enough to count, so they are drawn individually rather than as a graph.
How it livedPBDB
Record type1 442 616 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions96 of 193 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 13 594 |
| Salzburg, AT | 414 |
| Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowielocation not on record | 376 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 319 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 298 |
| LDlocation not on record | 199 |
| Olocation not on record | 199 |
| Görlitz, DE | 189 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 120 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 107 |
| Trondheim, NO | 91 |
| M-Lichenslocation not on record | 79 |
| Bergen, NO | 77 |
| Mlocation not on record | 75 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 73 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 70 |
| Bern, CH | 55 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 54 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 49 |
| Turku, FI | 49 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 45 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 45 |
| Uniwersytet Opolskilocation not on record | 45 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 44 |
| Barcelona, ES | 41 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 41 |
| South Kensington, GB | 41 |
| UniKSlocation not on record | 33 |
| MAlocation not on record | 32 |
| Tartu, EE | 32 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 32 |
| Oulu, FI | 30 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 30 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 27 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 26 |
| Tallinn, EE | 23 |
| PRClocation not on record | 23 |
| Berlin, DE | 21 |
| Bronx, US | 21 |
| Voronezh State Universitylocation not on record | 19 |
| València, ES | 19 |
| Wlocation not on record | 19 |
| Auckland, NZ | 19 |
| Kuopio, FI | 18 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 18 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 18 |
| Uppsala, SE | 17 |
| UGentlocation not on record | 15 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 14 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 14 |
| Philadelphia, US | 13 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 13 |
| Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 13 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 13 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 13 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 13 |
| SWlocation not on record | 11 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 11 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 11 |
| Acadia Universitylocation not on record | 11 |
| BClocation not on record | 10 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 9 |
| Vitoria, ES | 9 |
| Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocagelocation not on record | 8 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 8 |
| Hobart, AU | 8 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 7 |
| Pamplona, ES | 7 |
| Philadelphia, US | 7 |
| Universität Göttingenlocation not on record | 7 |
| Madrid, ES | 7 |
| Salamanca, ES | 7 |
| Museo della Bonifica di San Donà di Piavelocation not on record | 6 |
| Podgorica, ME | 6 |
| Madison, US | 6 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 6 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 6 |
| ZRC-SAZUlocation not on record | 5 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 5 |
| Porvoo, FI | 5 |
| PrivatHerblocation not on record | 5 |
| Tilburg, NL | 5 |
| Wellington, NZ | 5 |
| Saint Louis, US | 5 |
| Saint John, CA | 5 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 5 |
| Badajoz, ES | 5 |
| UChlocation not on record | 4 |
| Zürich, CH | 4 |
| Vancouver, CA | 4 |
| Lincoln, US | 4 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 4 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 4 |
| H-Wolflocation not on record | 4 |
| Tula State Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Canberra, AU | 4 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 4 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 4 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 4 |
| nbflocation not on record | 3 |
| Victoria, CA | 3 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 3 |
| NTNU University Museum, Department of Natural Historylocation not on record | 3 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 3 |
| Madrid, ES | 3 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 3 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 3 |
| Valparaiso, CL | 3 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 3 |
| The State Museum-Preserve "The Kulikovo pole"location not on record | 3 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 3 |
| Kew, GB | 3 |
| Sion, CH | 2 |
| Stockholm, SE | 2 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 2 |
| Davenport, US | 2 |
| Armidale, AU | 2 |
| Córdoba, AR | 2 |
| UoB-IBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Granada, ES | 2 |
| Minia, EG | 2 |
| Smithfield, AU | 2 |
| The Tula Region State Institution of Culture "Tula Museum Association"location not on record | 2 |
| Bloomington, US | 2 |
| Dekalb, US | 2 |
| Pamplona, ES | 2 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Bangkok, TH | 2 |
| Alicante, ES | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Banyoles, ES | 2 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 2 |
| Helsinki, FI | 2 |
| Finnish Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 2 |
| US | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
| Flagstaff, US | 1 |
| NMBU:MINAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 1 |
| BioFokuslocation not on record | 1 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 1 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankove, UA | 1 |
| LfUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBNlocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Gardens, Kewlocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Northridge, US | 1 |
| European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT)location not on record | 1 |
| Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldilocation not on record | 1 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| OLAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| Portland, US | 1 |
| Durham, US | 1 |
| Henry Brockhouse Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fort Worth, US | 1 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| Universidad de La Salle (La Salle)location not on record | 1 |
| Staten Island, US | 1 |
| Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 1 |
| Adelaide, AU | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| Namur, BE | 1 |
| SNSNMClocation not on record | 1 |
| Firenze, IT | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| Weber State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Durban, ZA | 1 |
| Rovaniemi, FI | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
| Jaén, ES | 1 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 1 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Musée des Confluenceslocation not on record | 1 |
| FLADlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Botanic Garden of Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| Córdoba, ES | 1 |
| RJBJCIlocation not on record | 1 |
| Glarus, CH | 1 |
| IPE-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| Winterthur, CH | 1 |
| Tampa, US | 1 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Fraxinus excelsior was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.