Euphorbia trigona

Mill. · species

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Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Euphorbiaceae/Euphorbia

At a glance

Occurrence records90

Data sources12

Biological traits15

DNA specimens2

eDNA detections2

Sources12 archives

Databases and archives Euphorbia trigona's data was compiled from.

BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility90 records↗

ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI2 eDNA detections↗

BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics2 specimens↗

dukesphytochemcompounds

LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗

NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗

GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗

Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗

CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗

GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗

Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗

On this page7 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

NarrativeWikipediaarticle

Traits & measurements3 literature sources15 traits

Chemical compositionDukesPhytochem · LOTUS · NPASS39 compounds

Occurrence & distributionGBIF90 records

Environmental DNA1 datasets · 1 countries2 detections

DNA & barcodingBOLD2 specimens

Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · TreeOfSex2n = 22

01Narrative

Euphorbia trigona est une espèce de plantes à fleurs du genre Euphorbia et de la famille des Euphorbiaceae originaire du sud-est de l'Afrique. On peut la trouver depuis le Gabon jusqu’au Malawi.

No narrative description available for this taxon yet.

02Traits & measurements

SourcesWCVPGIFTTRY

Size & morphology1

Plant height1.5 m

Life cycle & reproduction4

Deciduousnessevergreen

Life formsucculent shrub or tree

Life spanperennial

Raunkiær life formphanerophyte

Diet & foraging1

Parasiteindependent

Habitat & environment7

Aquaticterrestrial

Climateseasonally dry tropical

Climberself-supporting

Elevation mean1 100 m

Epiphyteterrestrial

Growth formshrub

⚠ sources differ — GIFT: shrub · TRY: shrub/tree

Woodinesswoody

Physiology & chemistry2

Nitrogen fixingnon_nitrogen_fixer

Photosynthetic pathwayCAM

03Chemical composition39 compounds

Compounds documented for Euphorbia trigona across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").

💊 Medicinal use documented

Compound class profile5 classes

Hydrocarbons9

Ingenane diterpenoids $ Tetracyclic diterpenoids4

Eremophilane sesquiterpenoids4

Cycloartane triterpenoids $ Lanostane, Tirucallane and Euphane triterpenoids3

Lathyrane diterpenoids2

Documented compounds39 total

Tissue Source Quantified only

Compound	Amount	Source
(24R)-9,19-cycloart-25-ene-3beta,24-diol	present	LOTUS
(3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-[(2R)-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol	present	LOTUS
2-[(2R,4aS,7S,8aR)-7,8a-dihydroxy-4a-methyl-8-methylidene-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoic acid	present	NPASS
2-[(2R,4aS,7S,8aS)-7,8a-dihydroxy-4a-methyl-8-methylidene-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoic acid	present	NPASS
2-[(2R,8S,8aR)-8,8a-dimethyl-2,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoic acid	present	NPASS
20-O-Acetylingenol-3-angelate	present	LOTUS
[(1R,3R,4R,5R,7S,8S,9R,10E,12S,13S,14S)-4,13-diacetyloxy-8-hydroxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyl-2-oxo-16-oxatetracyclo[10.3.1.01,12.05,7]hexadec-10-en-9-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	present	LOTUS
[(1R,3S,4S,5R,6S,7S,8R,9R,10E,12S,13S,14S)-4,9,13-triacetyloxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,10,14-tetramethyl-2-oxo-16-oxatetracyclo[10.3.1.01,12.05,7]hexadec-10-en-8-yl] benzoate	present	LOTUS
[(1R,3S,4S,5R,7S,8R,9R,10E,12S,13S,14S)-4,13-diacetyloxy-8-hydroxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyl-2-oxo-16-oxatetracyclo[10.3.1.01,12.05,7]hexadec-10-en-9-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	present	LOTUS
[(1R,3S,4S,5R,7S,8R,9R,10E,12S,13S,14S)-4,13-diacetyloxy-8-methoxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyl-2-oxo-16-oxatetracyclo[10.3.1.01,12.05,7]hexadec-10-en-9-yl] (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate	present	LOTUS

05DNA & barcoding2 specimens

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Euphorbia trigona has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

DNA specimens2

Marker genes2

eDNA detections2

Countries1

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★rbcL★rbcLa

plant barcode

06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · TreeOfSex

The complete instruction manual Euphorbia trigona carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.

Chromosomes2n = 22 n = 11

Chromosome records22–222n range22median22mode3records

Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references

2n 223×GoaT · Tree of Sex Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · TreeOfSex · plant

GoaT · Tree of Sex Database — ↗

CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kothari, N. M., C. A. Ninant & P. I. Kuriachan. 1981b. In Chromosome number reports LXXII. Taxon 30:707.

TreeOfSex · plant — Goldblatt1979 ↗

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type90 records

Wild obs. + sensor64

Museum / vouchered9

Cultivated / captive17

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO276 km²

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

Coordinate accuracy80% within 1 km

≤100 m 27≤1 km 10≤10 km 7>10 km 2

46 georeferenced · 18 without coordinates

Open the mapobservation + sensor64

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy100% within 1 km

≤1 km 2

2 georeferenced · 7 without coordinates

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence9

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.

Coordinate accuracy100% within 1 km

≤100 m 3

3 georeferenced · 14 without coordinates

Open the mapnot free-living17

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions2 of 6 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
MeiseBGlocation not on record	2
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record	2
Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record	1
Auckland, NZ	1
*unvoucheredlocation not on record	1
Fort Worth, US	1

6 institutions · 8 of 9 vouchered records shown · 1 without an institution code

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.

09Environmental DNA2 detections

Where the DNA of Euphorbia trigona was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.

Signal

Detections DNA found2

Studies independent surveys1

Countries1

Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections

Where its DNA was found

0 of 2 detections have coordinates

Open the map1 country0

How strong is each trace?

DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.

Modelled climatemodelled

−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C

Temperature median13.1 °C 13.1–13.1

Seasonal swing summer↔winter19.0 °C

Max temp (day)18.6 °C

Min temp (night)7.80 °C

Precipitation49.8 mm/mo

Air humidity56.0 %

Moisture balance-11.9 mm/mo

Vapour deficit663 Pa

Wind speed2.20 m/s

Cloud cover30.1 %

CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 1 detection point · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche

How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.

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