Euphorbia setiloba is a species of euphorb known by the common name Yuma sandmat. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in dry habitat. This is a small, clumping annual herb with slender stems lined with pairs of tiny hairy leaves. Each leaf is just a few millimeters long and oval in shape with a bluntly pointed tip. The minute inflorescence is a cyathium less than two millimeters wide. It has distinctive appendages which are white with a few narrow, sharp-pointed lobes. There is a red nectar gland at the base of each. At the center of the appendages are the actual flowers, one female and several male. The ovary of the female flower develops into a hairy, spherical fruit about a millimeter wide.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Euphorbia setiloba has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens6
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences3
eDNA detections4
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Euphorbia setiloba internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, and internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence; and 28S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK1★rbcLa★ITS2★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · TreeOfSex
The complete instruction manualEuphorbia setiloba carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 16 n = 8
Ploidydiploid inferred
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy93% within 1 km
≤100 m 606≤1 km 50≤10 km 28>10 km 21
705 georeferenced · 474 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor1 179
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy75% within 1 km
≤100 m 128≤1 km 40≤10 km 46>10 km 9
223 georeferenced · 465 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence688
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions39 of 52 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Riverside, US
154
San Diego, US
144
Claremont, US
81
La Paz, MX
32
ASUlocation not on record
32
CASlocation not on record
24
Phoenix, US
21
Santa Barbara, US
20
Davis, US
18
Flagstaff, US
16
Mexico City, MX
14
Ann Arbor, US
14
Irvine, US
11
Hermosillo, MX
10
San Luis Obispo, US
10
Philadelphia, US
7
The University of Arizonalocation not on record
6
Durango, MX
5
Austin, US
4
Pomona Collegelocation not on record
4
Chapingo, MX
3
Madison, US
3
Henderson, US
3
Los Angeles, US
2
Bronx, US
2
Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record
2
Guasave, MX
2
Bangkok, TH
2
Fort Worth, US
2
EL PASO, US
2
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
2
DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record
2
Fullerton, US
2
Denver, US
1
San Diego Natural History Museum, Herbariumlocation not on record
1
Arizona State University Biocollectionslocation not on record
1
Arizona Western Collegelocation not on record
1
Moscow, US
1
Pullman, US
1
Ensenada, MX
1
Missoula, US
1
Long Beach, US
1
Calabar, NG
1
Pocatello, US
1
Arcata, US
1
St. Paul, US
1
Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxicolocation not on record
1
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record
1
DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record
1
Kew, GB
1
Bloomington, US
1
Juriquilla, MX
1
52 institutions · 675 of 688 vouchered records shown · 12 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA4 detections
Where the DNA of Euphorbia setiloba was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found4
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 4 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median15.5 °C 12.9–18.0
Seasonal swing summer↔winter13.8 °C
Max temp (day)21.0 °C 18.5–23.5
Min temp (night)9.70 °C 7.50–11.9
Precipitation54.4 mm/mo 40.9–67.8
Air humidity52.6 % 48.5–56.7
Moisture balance-81.1 mm/mo -83.2–-78.9
Vapour deficit832 Pa 770–894
Wind speed6.30 m/s 4.70–7.80
Cloud cover29.6 % 22.7–36.6
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 2 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation2 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 867 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI4 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics6 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗