Euphorbia dendroides
speciesAt a glance
Sources15 archives
Databases and archives Euphorbia dendroides's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation7 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility8 402 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI7 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics9 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Euphorbia dendroides, also known as tree spurge, is a small tree or large shrub of the family Euphorbiaceae that grows in semi-arid and mediterranean climates.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology8
Life cycle & reproduction3
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment9
Physiology & chemistry3
Compounds documented for Euphorbia dendroides across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds65 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3-Tritriacontanone | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3aR,5S,6E,9S,10S,11R,13R,13aS)-1,3a,10,11-tetraacetyloxy-2,5,8,8-tetramethyl-12-methylidene-13-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-4-oxo-2-(pyridine-3-carbonyloxy)-1,3,5,9,10,11,13,13a-octahydrocyclopenta[12]annulen-9-yl] pyridine-3-carboxylate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3aR,5S,6E,9S,10S,11R,13R,13aS)-1,9,10-triacetyloxy-2,3a-dihydroxy-2,5,8,8-tetramethyl-12-methylidene-13-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-4-oxo-1,3,5,9,10,11,13,13a-octahydrocyclopenta[12]annulen-11-yl] benzoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3aR,5S,6E,9S,10S,11S,13R,13aR)-2,9,10-triacetyloxy-1,3a-dihydroxy-2,5,8,8-tetramethyl-12-methylidene-13-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-4-oxo-1,3,5,9,10,11,13,13a-octahydrocyclopenta[12]annulen-11-yl] benzoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3aR,5S,6E,9S,10S,11S,13R,13aR)-2,9,10-triacetyloxy-1,3a-dihydroxy-2,5,8,8-tetramethyl-13-[(2R)-2-methylbutanoyl]oxy-12-methylidene-4-oxo-1,3,5,9,10,11,13,13a-octahydrocyclopenta[12]annulen-11-yl] benzoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3aR,5S,6E,9S,10S,11S,13R,13aR)-2,9,10-triacetyloxy-11-benzoyloxy-1,3a-dihydroxy-2,5,8,8-tetramethyl-12-methylidene-4-oxo-1,3,5,9,10,11,13,13a-octahydrocyclopenta[12]annulen-13-yl] pyridine-3-carboxylate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3aR,5S,6E,9S,10S,11S,13R,13aS)-2,9,10,13-tetraacetyloxy-3a-hydroxy-2,5,8,8-tetramethyl-12-methylidene-11-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-4-oxo-1,3,5,9,10,11,13,13a-octahydrocyclopenta[12]annulen-1-yl] pyridine-3-carboxylate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3aR,5S,6E,9S,10S,11S,13R,13aS)-2,9,10,13-tetraacetyloxy-3a-hydroxy-2,5,8,8-tetramethyl-12-methylidene-4-oxo-1-(2-phenoxyacetyl)oxy-1,3,5,9,10,11,13,13a-octahydrocyclopenta[12]annulen-11-yl] 2-methylpropanoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3R,4R,6R,8R,9E,12S,13S,14R,15S)-3,4,12,13,15-pentaacetyloxy-6,8-dihydroxy-4,8,11,11-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-19-oxatricyclo[13.4.0.02,6]nonadec-9-en-14-yl] 2-methylpropanoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1R,2R,3R,4R,6R,8R,9E,12S,13S,14R,15S)-3,4,6,12,13,15-hexaacetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8,11,11-tetramethyl-7,18-dioxo-19-oxatricyclo[13.4.0.02,6]nonadec-9-en-14-yl] 2-methylpropanoate | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Euphorbia dendroides has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Euphorbia dendroides carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1817×GoaT · Tree of Sex Database · CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · iber-fl +6
n 91×CCDB · ita-fl
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
How it livedPBDB
Record type8 402 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions37 of 67 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 142 |
| Paris, FR | 45 |
| LDlocation not on record | 37 |
| Barcelona, ES | 25 |
| Adelaide, AU | 23 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 15 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 14 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 13 |
| MAlocation not on record | 12 |
| JBSlocation not on record | 12 |
| BClocation not on record | 12 |
| Chicago, US | 12 |
| UIBlocation not on record | 11 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 10 |
| Kensington, AU | 10 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 9 |
| Riverside, US | 8 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 8 |
| Claremont, US | 8 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 7 |
| Davis, US | 7 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 6 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 6 |
| València, ES | 5 |
| Wlocation not on record | 5 |
| San Diego, US | 4 |
| Görlitz, DE | 4 |
| Canberra, AU | 3 |
| Salamanca, ES | 3 |
| Saint Louis, US | 3 |
| Berlin, DE | 3 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 2 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 2 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 2 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 2 |
| Rishon Le Zion, IL | 2 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 2 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 2 |
| US | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Vitoria, ES | 1 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 1 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 1 |
| Sevilla, ES | 1 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| OLAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Badajoz, ES | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 1 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 1 |
| Hobart, AU | 1 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| Muséum Henri Lecoqlocation not on record | 1 |
| PRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Bronx, US | 1 |
| Austin, US | 1 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 1 |
| Madrid, ES | 1 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Euphorbia dendroides was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.