Erigenia bulbosa, also known as harbinger of spring or pepper and salt, is a perennial plant in the family Apiaceae. E. bulbosa is the only species in the genus Erigenia and tribe Erigenieae. This plant is known as harbinger of spring because it is one of the earliest blooming native wildflowers of rich forests in the mid-latitude United States. Throughout most of its range it blooms from late February through early April.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Erigenia bulbosa has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens9
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections6
Countries1
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★rbcL7★rbcLa★ITS3★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualErigenia bulbosa carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 20 n = 10
Ploidydiploid inferred
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
n 101×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Constance, L., T. i. Chuang & C. R. Bell. 1976. Chromosome numbers in Umbelliferae. V. Amer. J. Bot. 63(5): 608–625.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin41.3 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type6 262 records
Wild obs. + sensor5 693
Museum / vouchered569
Origin
Native1
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO9 560 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy80% within 1 km
≤100 m 2 618≤1 km 1 124≤10 km 172>10 km 778
4 692 georeferenced · 1 001 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor5 693
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy62% within 1 km
≤100 m 60≤1 km 150≤10 km 115>10 km 13
338 georeferenced · 231 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence569
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions40 of 61 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Bloomington, US
88
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
85
Saint Louis, US
57
Ann Arbor, US
45
Chapel Hill, US
25
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
23
Philadelphia, US
18
McWane Science Centerlocation not on record
17
Wuzhou, CN
17
Tuscaloosa, US
16
Knoxville, US
12
College Park, US
12
Bronx, US
11
Bangkok, TH
10
Blacksburg, US
9
Durham, US
7
Millersville, US
7
James F. Matthews Center for Biodiversity Studieslocation not on record
7
GB
6
Burlington, US
5
Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record
5
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
5
Williamsburg, US
5
DOI/NPS, Selma to Montgomery National Historic Traillocation not on record
4
Flagstaff, US
4
Chicago, US
4
Pullman, US
4
University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record
3
Toronto, CA
3
Fayetteville, US
3
Mississippi State, US
3
University of Lynchburglocation not on record
2
Little Rock, US
2
Maryland Department of Natural Resourceslocation not on record
2
Lord Fairfax Community Collegelocation not on record
2
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
2
Jefferson City, US
2
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
2
Québec, CA
2
Springfield, US
2
Northridge, US
2
Macomb, US
1
Morgantown, US
1
Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record
1
West Virginia Wesleyan Collegelocation not on record
1
BRNUlocation not on record
1
Conway, US
1
FLASlocation not on record
1
Whitehorse, CA
1
DOI/NPS, Mississippi National River & Recreation Arealocation not on record
1
US
1
Clemson, US
1
Pittsburg, US
1
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
1
Richmond, US
1
Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record
1
Jackson, US
1
Columbia, US
1
Russellville, US
1
EL PASO, US
1
GAlocation not on record
1
61 institutions · 560 of 569 vouchered records shown · 9 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA6 detections
Where the DNA of Erigenia bulbosa was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found6
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 6 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median8.30 °C -2.40–8.40
Seasonal swing summer↔winter26.0 °C
Max temp (day)12.7 °C 1.90–12.9
Min temp (night)4.30 °C -7.10–4.80
Precipitation76.9 mm/mo 71.2–84.0
Air humidity59.5 % 58.9–62.3
Moisture balance-2.20 mm/mo -2.30–34.7
Vapour deficit533 Pa 234–540
Wind speed4.50 m/s 2.90–4.90
Cloud cover50.0 % 48.9–51.6
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 3 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation5 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility6 262 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI6 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics9 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗