Equisetum bogotense
Kunth · speciesAt a glance
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Equisetum bogotense's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 546 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI3 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics4 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Equisetum bogotense, the Andean horsetail, is a herbaceous perennial that reproduces through spores. It has thicker less bushy whorled branches, and a silica rich rhizomatous stem, which roots grow out of, under ground. This stem is a dull dark brown color with glabrous growth aside from the sheathed segments. The plant has a history as a traditional herbal remedy, and a study of its diuretic effects on humans showed significant increases in urinary sodium, potassium, and chloride. Human and animal trials of indicate that E. bogotense has "high" efficacy as a diuretic. It is used in several modern herbal supplements. The species epithet refers to Bogotá, the capital of Colombia. A segregate species, Equisetum rinihuense, has been described. According to a recent study, this species may be the most isolated of all the genus, being more closely related with fossil Equisetums rather than living ones .
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology1
Life cycle & reproduction3
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment7
Physiology & chemistry1
Compounds documented for Equisetum bogotense across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile2 classes
Documented compounds8 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| 5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| Astragalin | present | LOTUS | |
| Kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside-beta-D-glucosyl | present | LOTUS | |
| kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside | present | LOTUS | |
| Kaempferol-3-rhamnoglucoside-7-glucoside | present | LOTUS | |
| quercetin 3-O-sophoroside | present | LOTUS | |
| Quercetin 3-rutinoside | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Equisetum bogotense has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Equisetum bogotense carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 2162×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · chile
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard periods (Jurassic, Cretaceous…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. The dashed rules marked ✦ are the five great mass extinctions. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type2 546 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions59 of 118 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Saint Louis, US | 352 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 124 |
| Bronx, US | 99 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 91 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 88 |
| Xiamen, CN | 71 |
| Aarhus, DK | 53 |
| Chicago, US | 44 |
| San Isidro, AR | 32 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 31 |
| Nunoa, Santiago, CL | 27 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 26 |
| QCNElocation not on record | 26 |
| Calabar, NG | 23 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 20 |
| Valparaiso, CL | 18 |
| Göteborg, SE | 18 |
| Fort Worth, US | 15 |
| Minia, EG | 15 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 15 |
| La Paz, BO | 14 |
| Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)location not on record | 13 |
| Universiti Sains Malaysialocation not on record | 13 |
| Puerto Ayora, EC | 13 |
| UChlocation not on record | 13 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 12 |
| Burlington, US | 12 |
| Arequipa, PE | 12 |
| Kew, GB | 12 |
| MAlocation not on record | 12 |
| Cochabamba, BO | 11 |
| Stockholm, SE | 10 |
| Jardín Botánico José Celestino Mutis (JBBJCM)location not on record | 10 |
| Universidad de La Salle (La Salle)location not on record | 10 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 9 |
| Davis, US | 9 |
| Zürich, CH | 8 |
| Corrientes, AR | 8 |
| Córdoba, AR | 8 |
| HUT Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 8 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 8 |
| Quito, EC | 8 |
| UTPLlocation not on record | 8 |
| San José, CR | 8 |
| Madison, US | 6 |
| HUAlocation not on record | 6 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 6 |
| South Kensington, GB | 5 |
| Riobamba, EC | 5 |
| Sucre, BO | 5 |
| Mexico City, MX | 4 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Cusco, PE | 4 |
| Universidad de Nariño (UdeNar)location not on record | 4 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 4 |
| Cuenca, EC | 3 |
| Herbario Selva Central Oxapampa - estación biológica del Jardín Botánico de Missourilocation not on record | 3 |
| Valparaíso, CL | 3 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 3 |
| Tampa, US | 3 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 3 |
| Universidad de la Amazonia (UniAmazonia)location not on record | 3 |
| Bloomington, US | 3 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 3 |
| Austin, US | 3 |
| Santiago de Compostela, ES | 2 |
| Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC)location not on record | 2 |
| Santiago, CL | 2 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 2 |
| Herbario Universidad de Concepciónlocation not on record | 2 |
| St. Paul, US | 2 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 2 |
| LDlocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Católica de Oriente (UCO)location not on record | 2 |
| COLlocation not on record | 2 |
| Berlin, DE | 2 |
| Iquitos, PE | 2 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (UDistrital)location not on record | 2 |
| Durango, MX | 2 |
| Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó (UTCH)location not on record | 2 |
| Corporación Autónoma Regional Para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB)location not on record | 2 |
| CUVClocation not on record | 2 |
| Herbario de la Universidad Tecnológica Indoaméricalocation not on record | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas SINCHIlocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto Amazonico de Investigaciones Cientificas Sinchilocation not on record | 1 |
| arosemena tola, EC | 1 |
| Gutierrez,J. & Carretero, A.C."location not on record | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| Fundación Trópico Altolocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de los Andes (UniAndes)location not on record | 1 |
| INTAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mendoza, AR | 1 |
| Herbario de la Universidad Técnica del Nortelocation not on record | 1 |
| UFMGlocation not on record | 1 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 1 |
| Zürich, CH | 1 |
| Clocation not on record | 1 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 1 |
| Phoenix, US | 1 |
| Plocation not on record | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| IAvHlocation not on record | 1 |
| Lima, PE | 1 |
| INBIOlocation not on record | 1 |
| G. Peyrelocation not on record | 1 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 1 |
| Auckland, NZ | 1 |
| PRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| GAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Alcaldía Municipal de Garzón en Huilalocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Equisetum bogotense was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.