Epilobium ciliatum
Raf. · speciesAt a glance
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Epilobium ciliatum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation2 languages↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility145 610 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI33 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics50 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
giftgenome & karyotype
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Epilobium ciliatum, known by the common names fringed willowherb, American willowherb, slender willow herb, and northern willow herb is a species of flowering plant in the willowherb family Onagraceae. This species is native to much of North America, southern South America, and East Asia. It is an introduced species in much of Eurasia and Australia. This perennial herbaceous plant usually occurs in wetlands, but may be found in a great variety of habitats, including disturbed areas and roadsides, at elevations below 1400 m.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology29
Life cycle & reproduction18
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment16
Physiology & chemistry5
Other traits2
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Epilobium ciliatum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Epilobium ciliatum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 3628×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · iapt · CCDB · new-zealand +10
2n 181×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
n 1810×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · Cave1958 +1
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
polyploid1×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type145 610 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions165 of 285 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Helsinki, FI | 843 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 439 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 330 |
| LDlocation not on record | 327 |
| Görlitz, DE | 255 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 220 |
| Riverside, US | 208 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 185 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 163 |
| Olocation not on record | 156 |
| Turku, FI | 151 |
| Oulu, FI | 136 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 129 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 128 |
| Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record | 115 |
| Auckland, NZ | 112 |
| Claremont, US | 104 |
| Salzburg, AT | 98 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 95 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 89 |
| Denver, US | 86 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 86 |
| Nagano City, JP | 83 |
| Saint John, CA | 77 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 75 |
| Flagstaff, US | 71 |
| Kew, GB | 65 |
| Albuquerque, US | 65 |
| Wellington, NZ | 63 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 61 |
| Bozeman, US | 57 |
| Saint Louis, US | 56 |
| Durango, MX | 55 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 54 |
| St. Paul, US | 53 |
| Davis, US | 51 |
| Hobart, AU | 50 |
| Québec, CA | 50 |
| Canberra, AU | 50 |
| Toronto, CA | 49 |
| Chadron, US | 48 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 46 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 46 |
| Madison, US | 43 |
| Green Bay, US | 43 |
| US | 43 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 42 |
| Pullman, US | 40 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 40 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 39 |
| Moscow, US | 39 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 38 |
| Oregon State Universitylocation not on record | 37 |
| Pocatello, US | 37 |
| Boise, US | 37 |
| Provo, US | 35 |
| South Kensington, GB | 34 |
| Logan, US | 34 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 33 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 32 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 30 |
| Dresden, DE | 30 |
| Philadelphia, US | 29 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 28 |
| Victoria, CA | 25 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 25 |
| Wlocation not on record | 24 |
| Phoenix, US | 24 |
| Lincoln, US | 23 |
| Mexico City, MX | 22 |
| Vancouver, CA | 21 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 21 |
| Berlin, DE | 20 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 20 |
| Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratorylocation not on record | 20 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 19 |
| Angwin, US | 19 |
| EL PASO, US | 19 |
| Tartu, EE | 19 |
| New Haven, US | 19 |
| Spearfish, US | 18 |
| Arcata, US | 18 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 18 |
| Garðabær, IS | 18 |
| Kensington, AU | 17 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 17 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 17 |
| Acadia Universitylocation not on record | 16 |
| Mlocation not on record | 16 |
| Bergen, NO | 15 |
| San Diego, US | 15 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 15 |
| Brisbane, AU | 14 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 14 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 14 |
| Brussel, BE | 13 |
| Podgorica, ME | 13 |
| Bronx, US | 12 |
| Tacoma, US | 12 |
| Corvallis, US | 12 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 12 |
| Orem, US | 12 |
| University of Wisconsinlocation not on record | 12 |
| Kyoto Universitylocation not on record | 11 |
| Stockholm, SE | 11 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 11 |
| Uppsala, SE | 11 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 10 |
| Montréal, CA | 10 |
| CASlocation not on record | 10 |
| QVMAGlocation not on record | 10 |
| DOI/NPS, Mount Rainier National Parklocation not on record | 10 |
| San Isidro, AR | 9 |
| Caldwell, US | 9 |
| Eastern Nevada Landscape Coalitionlocation not on record | 9 |
| Santa Cruz, US | 9 |
| Otaru, JP | 9 |
| Honolulu, US | 8 |
| Córdoba, AR | 8 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 8 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 8 |
| Whitehorse, CA | 8 |
| Forssa, FI | 8 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 7 |
| 7 | |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 7 |
| Portland, US | 7 |
| MAlocation not on record | 7 |
| USFS/BHSClocation not on record | 6 |
| Yukon Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Columbia, US | 6 |
| Burlington, US | 6 |
| Chicago, US | 6 |
| Beijing, CN | 6 |
| Chapingo, MX | 6 |
| Lausanne, CH | 6 |
| Weber State Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Mohonk Preservelocation not on record | 5 |
| Kuopio, FI | 5 |
| Kunming, CN | 5 |
| UChlocation not on record | 5 |
| University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record | 5 |
| Philadelphia, US | 5 |
| Pittsburg, US | 5 |
| H-Hohlalocation not on record | 5 |
| Trondheim, NO | 5 |
| Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record | 5 |
| Science Museum of Minnesotalocation not on record | 5 |
| Porvoo, FI | 5 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 4 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 4 |
| Guasave, MX | 4 |
| València, ES | 4 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| WINlocation not on record | 4 |
| Durham, US | 4 |
| Puebla, MX | 4 |
| NoColllocation not on record | 4 |
| Adelaide, AU | 4 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 4 |
| KIRMlocation not on record | 4 |
| Durango, US | 4 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 3 |
| Omachi Alpine Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| San Angelo, US | 3 |
| Kushiro City Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 3 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 3 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 3 |
| IDElocation not on record | 3 |
| Northridge, US | 3 |
| Cambridge, US | 3 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 3 |
| San Jose, US | 3 |
| Fulda, DE | 3 |
| ENTClocation not on record | 3 |
| Los Angeles, US | 3 |
| Irvine, US | 3 |
| Giardini Botanici Hanburylocation not on record | 3 |
| US | 3 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 3 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 3 |
| USFSlocation not on record | 3 |
| Bureau of Land Managementlocation not on record | 3 |
| New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Sciencelocation not on record | 3 |
| Anchorage, US | 3 |
| Bando, JP | 2 |
| Anchorage, US | 2 |
| Umeå Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Oswego, US | 2 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 2 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 2 |
| Bureau of Land Management, Caliente Field Officelocation not on record | 2 |
| Tempe, US | 2 |
| Zlocation not on record | 2 |
| Whitewater, US | 2 |
| Glocation not on record | 2 |
| Bern, CH | 2 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 2 |
| Göteborg, SE | 2 |
| Corrientes, AR | 2 |
| BMlocation not on record | 2 |
| Bloomington, US | 2 |
| VALElocation not on record | 2 |
| Missoula, US | 2 |
| STNFlocation not on record | 2 |
| Bandelier National Monumentlocation not on record | 2 |
| Calabar, NG | 2 |
| Montréal, CA | 2 |
| Ulocation not on record | 2 |
| Madrid, ES | 2 |
| Chicago, US | 2 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 2 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 2 |
| DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record | 2 |
| KNFHClocation not on record | 2 |
| Xiamen, CN | 2 |
| Millersville, US | 2 |
| Namur, BE | 1 |
| Armidale, AU | 1 |
| Mount Pleasant, US | 1 |
| Jackson, US | 1 |
| Castelar, AR | 1 |
| Ypsilanti, US | 1 |
| Monastir, TN | 1 |
| nbflocation not on record | 1 |
| Pomona Collegelocation not on record | 1 |
| Gifu prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Tilburg, NL | 1 |
| Herb. BBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Victorialocation not on record | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Opolskilocation not on record | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| Catalina Island Conservancylocation not on record | 1 |
| Turlock, US | 1 |
| Universite de Montreal, L'Herbier Marie-Victorinlocation not on record | 1 |
| Research Collection of B. A. Bennettlocation not on record | 1 |
| McGill Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Grand Junction, US | 1 |
| Keene State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Wollongong, AU | 1 |
| Parkville, AU | 1 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Zürich, CH | 1 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chicago, US | 1 |
| Fargo, US | 1 |
| GAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Alberta Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Kandalaksha State Nature Reservelocation not on record | 1 |
| Tennessee Technological Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 1 |
| Xining, CN | 1 |
| Henderson, US | 1 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 1 |
| Smithfield, AU | 1 |
| DOI/FWS, Kenai National Wildlife Refugelocation not on record | 1 |
| Batemans Bay, AU | 1 |
| Dekalb, US | 1 |
| Decorah, US | 1 |
| La Paz, MX | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
| Bothell, US | 1 |
| CJBNlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Lethbridgelocation not on record | 1 |
| Autlán de Navarro, MX | 1 |
| Morelia, MX | 1 |
| Cheney, US | 1 |
| Fullerton, US | 1 |
| Minia, EG | 1 |
| Knoxville, US | 1 |
| KNFYlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tulane Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Bureau of Land Management, Medford District Officelocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de La Patagonialocation not on record | 1 |
| The University of Arizonalocation not on record | 1 |
| Toluca, MX | 1 |
| College Park, US | 1 |
| Truckee, US | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Epilobium ciliatum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.