Enterolobium cyclocarpum
(Jacq.) Griseb. · speciesAt a glance
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Enterolobium cyclocarpum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation9 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility27 146 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI12 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics22 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Elephant-ear shape seedpods Enterolobium cyclocarpum, commonly known as guanacaste, caro caro, monkey-ear tree or elephant-ear tree, is a species of flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to tropical regions of the Americas, from central Mexico south to northern Brazil (Roraima) and Venezuela.USDA (1994), Niembro Rocas (2002) It is known for its large proportions, its expansive, often spherical crown, and its curiously shaped seedpods. The abundance of this tree, especially in Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica, where it is prized for the shady relief it provides from the intense sun, coupled with its immensity, have made it a widely recognized species. It is the national tree of Costa Rica. In North America it is often called elephant-ear tree, due to the shape of the seedpods. Other common names include Devil's ear and earpod tree, parota and orejón (Spanish) or huanacaxtle (Nahuatl). In El Salvador, it is known as conacaste.Witsberger et al. (1982) In the Yucatán peninsula, it is known by the Mayan name, pich. In Panama it is known as a corotú.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology11
Life cycle & reproduction4
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment10
Physiology & chemistry9
Compounds documented for Enterolobium cyclocarpum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile4 classes
Documented compounds13 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| BETULINIC-ACID | 60 ppm | DukesPhytochem |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Enterolobium cyclocarpum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Enterolobium cyclocarpum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 263×CCDB · book-ipcn65 · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
n 132×CCDB · book-ipcn65 · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · family-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type27 146 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions61 of 124 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Durango, MX | 204 |
| Saint Louis, US | 181 |
| Mexico City, MX | 95 |
| Empresas Públicas de Medellín E.S.P. (EPM)location not on record | 89 |
| Bronx, US | 88 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 60 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 36 |
| Mérida, MX | 31 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 26 |
| Chicago, US | 24 |
| Sociedad para el Estudio de los Recursos Bióticos de Oaxaca, A. C.location not on record | 22 |
| Kew, GB | 22 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 22 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 19 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 16 |
| Mexico City, MX | 16 |
| Chapingo, MX | 15 |
| León, NI | 15 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 15 |
| Riverside, US | 15 |
| Austin, US | 14 |
| Fundación Desarrollo y Ambiente FUNDAlocation not on record | 13 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 13 |
| Tapachula, MX | 13 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 11 |
| Berlin, DE | 11 |
| Jardín Botánico de Cartagena "Guillermo Piñeres" (JBC)location not on record | 10 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 10 |
| CASlocation not on record | 10 |
| Mexico City, MX | 9 |
| Mérida, MX | 9 |
| San Francisco, US | 9 |
| San José, CR | 8 |
| Tlalnepantla, MX | 8 |
| Autlán de Navarro, MX | 8 |
| Culiacán, MX | 7 |
| San Francisco de Campeche, MX | 7 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 7 |
| Area de Conservacion Guanacastelocation not on record | 7 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 6 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 6 |
| Tampa, US | 5 |
| Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabascolocation not on record | 5 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 5 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 5 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 5 |
| Montecillo, Texcoco, MX | 4 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 4 |
| HEMlocation not on record | 4 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 4 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 3 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 3 |
| Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record | 3 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 3 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 3 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 3 |
| South Kensington, GB | 3 |
| Xiamen, CN | 3 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 3 |
| Guasave, MX | 2 |
| HUAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 2 |
| MAlocation not on record | 2 |
| UFPIlocation not on record | 2 |
| Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 2 |
| Aarhus, DK | 2 |
| Corporación Autónoma Regional Para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB)location not on record | 2 |
| Beijing, CN | 2 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 2 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 2 |
| Giardini Botanici Hanburylocation not on record | 2 |
| Juriquilla, MX | 2 |
| San Diego, US | 2 |
| Universidad de Córdoba (UniCórdoba)location not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC)location not on record | 2 |
| NO DISPONIBLElocation not on record | 2 |
| IANIGLAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industriallocation not on record | 1 |
| Montpellier, FR | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Universidad de La Salle (La Salle)location not on record | 1 |
| Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 1 |
| Phoenix, US | 1 |
| Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botanylocation not on record | 1 |
| Paris, FR | 1 |
| University of Hamburglocation not on record | 1 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de El Salvadorlocation not on record | 1 |
| MEDELlocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 1 |
| OTSlocation not on record | 1 |
| LGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajaralocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad del Tolima (UT)location not on record | 1 |
| BMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)location not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de los Llanos (UniLlanos)location not on record | 1 |
| IEBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| Vancouver, CA | 1 |
| Long Beach, US | 1 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 1 |
| Mazatlán, MX | 1 |
| Flagstaff, US | 1 |
| Austin, US | 1 |
| Honolulu, US | 1 |
| Chicago, US | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Universidad de los Andes (UniAndes)location not on record | 1 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| St. Paul, US | 1 |
| Loja, EC | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Botánicas y Zoológicas - Prof. Rafael M. Moscoso, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingolocation not on record | 1 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 1 |
| USP-IBlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFABClocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 1 |
| Toluca, MX | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Enterolobium cyclocarpum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.