The hardiest of Enkianthus species is E. campanulatus (furin-tsutsuji or redvein enkianthus), a medium-sized, narrow, upright, deciduous shrub. Its bright green glossy foliage gives brilliant coppery to red fall colors. In spring it offers a profusion of bell-shaped (campanula, "little bell"), creamy white flowers with red veins, similar to those of the distantly related Pieris. The plant was brought to England by Charles Maries, who was plant-hunting in Japan at the time for Veitch Nurseries. The shrub can exceed expectations of height under the right circumstances, as at William Robinson's Gravetye Manor, where a pair planted about the turn of the 20th century reached 15 ft.Alice M. Coats, Garden Shrubs and Their Histories (1964) 1992, s.v. "Enkianthus".
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Compounds documented for Enkianthus campanulatus across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile3 classes
Ursane and Taraxastane triterpenoids6
Oleanane triterpenoids $ Ursane and Taraxastane triterpenoids2
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Enkianthus campanulatus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens13
Marker genes5
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections20
Countries1
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Enkianthus campanulatus var. campanulatus TF<JPN>:TW024170 chloroplast rbcL gene for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit, partial cds
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P★matK5★rbcL5★ITS★ITS2
animal barcodeplant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualEnkianthus campanulatus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin2.85 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type725 records
Wild obs. + sensor83
Museum / vouchered603
Cultivated / captive39
Origin
Introduced1
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO1 640 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy85% within 1 km
≤100 m 43≤1 km 10≤10 km 5>10 km 4
62 georeferenced · 21 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor83
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy15% within 1 km
≤100 m 4≤1 km 27≤10 km 171>10 km 1
203 georeferenced · 400 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence603
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy97% within 1 km
≤1 km 30≤10 km 1
31 georeferenced · 8 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living39
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions35 of 59 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Shinshu Universitylocation not on record
155
Odawara, JP
72
Nagano City, JP
58
JP
40
Tomioka, JP
30
KURAlocation not on record
29
Osaka, JP
26
FFPRIlocation not on record
20
Sendai, JP
18
Iwate Prefectural Museumlocation not on record
9
Saint Louis, US
8
Toyama, JP
8
Edinburgh, GB
6
Bando, JP
6
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
5
Philadelphia, US
5
Fukushima Universitylocation not on record
5
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
4
Bangkok, TH
4
Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukubalocation not on record
4
Madison, US
4
Guangzhou, CN
4
Vancouver, CA
4
College Park, US
4
KOMlocation not on record
3
University of New Hampshirelocation not on record
3
Ishikawa Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
3
Fort Worth, US
3
Otaru, JP
3
Auckland, NZ
3
Sagamihara, JP
2
Museum Of Natural And Environmental History, Shizuokalocation not on record
2
Chiba, JP
2
MeiseBGlocation not on record
2
Beijing, CN
2
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
2
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
2
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
2
Kochi, JP
2
San Sebastián, ES
2
National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record
2
Angwin, US
2
Tampa, US
1
Rotorua, NZ
1
Institut de Biologia Evolutiva, (CSIC-UPF)location not on record
1
Dekalb, US
1
Kushiro City Museumlocation not on record
1
KIRMlocation not on record
1
J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record
1
Kunming, CN
1
Burlington, US
1
Kew, GB
1
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
1
Riverside, US
1
LDlocation not on record
1
South Kensington, GB
1
Stockholm, SE
1
New Haven, US
1
JBRJlocation not on record
1
59 institutions · 587 of 603 vouchered records shown · 9 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA20 detections
Where the DNA of Enkianthus campanulatus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found20
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 20 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median7.40 °C 7.40–16.0
Seasonal swing summer↔winter25.4 °C
Max temp (day)9.60 °C 9.60–18.9
Min temp (night)3.00 °C 3.00–12.0
Precipitation344 mm/mo 251–388
Air humidity64.9 % 64.2–66.6
Moisture balance263 mm/mo 180–263
Vapour deficit428 Pa 428–611
Wind speed2.90 m/s 2.60–5.00
Cloud cover44.6 % 38.9–49.5
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 15 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation10 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility725 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI20 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics13 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗