Eleusine coracana
(L.) Gaertn. · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Eleusine coracana's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation15 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility8 186 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI56 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics108 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
foodatlascompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotypeEvery layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Eleusine coracana, or finger millet, also known as ragi in India, kodo in Nepal, is an annual herbaceous plant widely grown as a cereal crop in the arid and semiarid areas in Africa and Asia. It is a tetraploid and self-pollinating species probably evolved from its wild relative Eleusine africana. Finger millet is native to the Ethiopian and Ugandan highlands.A.C. D'Andrea, D.E. Lyons, Mitiku Haile, E.A. Butler, "Ethnoarchaeological Approaches to the Study of Prehistoric Agriculture in the Ethiopian Highlands" in Van der Veen, ed., The Exploitation of Plant Resources in Ancient Africa. Kluwer Academic: Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999. Interesting crop characteristics of finger millet are the ability to withstand cultivation at altitudes over 2000 m above sea level, its high drought tolerance, and the long storage time of the grains.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology8
Life cycle & reproduction6
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment11
Physiology & chemistry2
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Eleusine coracana across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds242 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| TANNIN | 420 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| tetraphosphorus | 283 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| myo-inositol hexakisphosphate | 47.67 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| zinc(0) | 2.1 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| ser-glu | 0.004 mg/100g | FoodAtlas |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Eleusine coracana has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Eleusine coracana carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 3621×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · iapt · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl +7
2n 402×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · kew
2n 271×CCDB · book-indian_vol2
2n 421×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
n 188×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn66 · CCDB · book-ipcn72 +3
tetraploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type8 186 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions70 of 107 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 90 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 66 |
| Beijing, CN | 47 |
| Kunming, CN | 19 |
| KMCClocation not on record | 18 |
| Tokushima, JP | 15 |
| Kew, GB | 11 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 10 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 10 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 10 |
| Nanjing, CN | 10 |
| Guilin, CN | 9 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 9 |
| Bronx, US | 8 |
| Yangling, CN | 8 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 7 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 7 |
| Chengdu, CN | 6 |
| Sanda, JP | 6 |
| Saint Louis, US | 6 |
| Xiamen, CN | 5 |
| Changsha, CN | 5 |
| Kensington, AU | 4 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 4 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 4 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 4 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 4 |
| Taipei, TW | 4 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 4 |
| CASlocation not on record | 3 |
| Xining, CN | 3 |
| Brasília, BR | 3 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 3 |
| Culiacán, MX | 3 |
| Riverside, US | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 3 |
| South Kensington, GB | 3 |
| Denver, US | 3 |
| Yunnan Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Forest Herbarium Ibadan (FHI)location not on record | 3 |
| LDlocation not on record | 3 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 3 |
| Kochi, JP | 3 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| Wuhan, CN | 2 |
| Bangkok, TH | 2 |
| University of Hamburglocation not on record | 2 |
| Chapingo, MX | 2 |
| Podgorica, ME | 2 |
| Durango, MX | 2 |
| Auckland, NZ | 2 |
| Pullman, US | 2 |
| Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record | 2 |
| Cincinnati, US | 2 |
| Odawara, JP | 2 |
| Dresden, DE | 2 |
| Salvador, BR | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 1 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 1 |
| San Diego, US | 1 |
| Tomioka, JP | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Toyama, JP | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| Bern, CH | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropicallocation not on record | 1 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 1 |
| University of Johannesburglocation not on record | 1 |
| Baroda, IN | 1 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 1 |
| Peking Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Awka, NG | 1 |
| Centro de Pesquisas Agropecuarias do Tropico Umidolocation not on record | 1 |
| Shanghai, CN | 1 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chiba, JP | 1 |
| Hobart, AU | 1 |
| MAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Canberra, AU | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| Coimbra, PT | 1 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 1 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 1 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 1 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Zürich, CH | 1 |
| Burlington, US | 1 |
| Claremont, US | 1 |
| EFGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Seoul, KR | 1 |
| Nagano City, JP | 1 |
| South African National Biodiversity Institutelocation not on record | 1 |
| Knoxville, US | 1 |
| Brussel, BE | 1 |
| South China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Wuhan, CN | 1 |
| Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 1 |
| Universität Göttingenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Eleusine coracana was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.