Elephantopus scaber
speciesAt a glance
Sources11 archives
Databases and archives Elephantopus scaber's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation7 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 716 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI17 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics19 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Elephantopus scaber is a tropical species of flowering plant in the sunflower family. It is native to tropical Africa, Eastern Asia, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and northern Australia. It has become naturalized in tropical Africa and Latin America. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.Flora of China, 地胆草 di dan cao Elephantopus scaber Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 814. 1753.Breedlove, D.E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Florísticos de México 4: i–v, 1–246.Humbert, H. 1960. Composées. Fl. Madagasc. 189: 198-199 description in FrenchHumbert, H. 1960. Composées. Fl. Madagasc. 189: plate I (1), figures 10-12 at right line drawings of Elephantopus scaberJeffrey, C. 1988. Notes on Compositae: V. The Vernonieae in East Tropical Africa. Kew Bulletin 43(2): 195–277.Nelson, C. H. 2008. Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Honduras 1–1576. Secretaria de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Tegucigalpa.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology15
Life cycle & reproduction6
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment11
Physiology & chemistry4
Compounds documented for Elephantopus scaber across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds17 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1R,3aS,5aS,5bR,7aS,9S,11aR,11bS,13aS,13bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (3aR,4S,6aR,8S,9aR,9bR)-4-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethylidene-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3a,4,5,6a,7,8,9a,9b-octahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (3S,4R,6R)-6-[(1S)-1-[(5R,8S,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]ethyl]-3,4-dimethyloxan-2-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (3S,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(E,2S,5S)-5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| [(4R,8S,12R)-10-methyl-5-methylidene-6,14-dioxo-7,13-dioxatricyclo[10.2.1.04,8]pentadeca-1(15),9-dien-3-yl] 2-methylbut-2-enoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(4R,8S,12S)-10-methyl-5-methylidene-6,14-dioxo-7,13-dioxatricyclo[10.2.1.04,8]pentadeca-1(15),9-dien-3-yl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate | present | LOTUS | |
| Deacylcynaropicrin | present | LOTUS | |
| Deoxyelephantopin | present | LOTUS | |
| Epifriedelanol | present | LOTUS | |
| Isoscabertopin | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Elephantopus scaber has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Elephantopus scaber carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 2211×CCDB · book-ipcn65 · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-indian_vol1 +1
2n 181×CCDB · book-indian_vol1
n 118×CCDB · book-ipcn65 · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
n 221×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Record type1 716 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions57 of 112 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Beijing, CN | 110 |
| Kunming, CN | 106 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 91 |
| Guilin, CN | 68 |
| Brisbane, AU | 59 |
| Université de Strasbourglocation not on record | 56 |
| Palmerston, AU | 48 |
| Taipei, TW | 46 |
| Kew, GB | 37 |
| Nanjing, CN | 30 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 23 |
| Canberra, AU | 21 |
| Xiamen, CN | 19 |
| Smithfield, AU | 18 |
| FJIDClocation not on record | 16 |
| Saint Louis, US | 16 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 14 |
| Stockholm, SE | 13 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 13 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 13 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 12 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 12 |
| Changsha, CN | 12 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 11 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 10 |
| Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record | 9 |
| Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| Durango, MX | 8 |
| Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles (CRSN/Lwiro)location not on record | 8 |
| CASlocation not on record | 8 |
| Shanghai, CN | 7 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 7 |
| Chengdu, CN | 7 |
| Shanghai, CN | 7 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 6 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 6 |
| Chengdu, CN | 6 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 6 |
| Taipei, TW | 5 |
| Wuhan, CN | 5 |
| FJFClocation not on record | 5 |
| Dehra Dun, IN | 5 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 5 |
| Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 5 |
| Baroda, IN | 4 |
| Centre National d'Application des Recherches Pharmaceutiques (CNARP)location not on record | 4 |
| Cambridge, US | 4 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 4 |
| Uppsala, SE | 4 |
| Southwest Forestry Collegelocation not on record | 4 |
| Awka, NG | 4 |
| Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botanylocation not on record | 3 |
| Philadelphia, US | 3 |
| Cambridge University Herbariumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Taipei, TW | 3 |
| MAlocation not on record | 3 |
| WAGlocation not on record | 3 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 3 |
| Plocation not on record | 3 |
| Strecker Museum, Baylor Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Bronx, US | 3 |
| Paris, FR | 3 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 2 |
| Chengdu, CN | 2 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| SCAUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique / Institut de l'environnement et de recherches agricoleslocation not on record | 2 |
| EL PASO, US | 2 |
| Xian, CN | 2 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developement Rurallocation not on record | 2 |
| Glocation not on record | 2 |
| Adelaide, AU | 2 |
| Dresden, DE | 2 |
| EAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 2 |
| Wuhan, CN | 2 |
| Nishihara, JP | 2 |
| University of Oxfordlocation not on record | 2 |
| Seoul, KR | 2 |
| Yunnan Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Fort Worth, US | 1 |
| South China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| Kensington, AU | 1 |
| Universidad de La Salle (La Salle)location not on record | 1 |
| Minia, EG | 1 |
| James Cook Townsvillelocation not on record | 1 |
| NGCPR01815location not on record | 1 |
| Université de Bordeauxlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 1 |
| “Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University" NPLClocation not on record | 1 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 1 |
| Durham, US | 1 |
| LDlocation not on record | 1 |
| Institute for Agricultural Research of Mozambiquelocation not on record | 1 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 1 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 1 |
| Honolulu, US | 1 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 1 |
| UFRRJlocation not on record | 1 |
| Salvador, BR | 1 |
| Guiyang, CN | 1 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 1 |
| nlocation not on record | 1 |
| Vancouver, CA | 1 |
| Gujarat Biodiversity Gene Banklocation not on record | 1 |
| Guiyang, CN | 1 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| 云南省思茅市民族传统医药研究所location not on record | 1 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 1 |
Where the DNA of Elephantopus scaber was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.