Cyperus iria
speciesAt a glance
Sources15 archives
Databases and archives Cyperus iria's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation8 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility9 106 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System7 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI8 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics14 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Cyperus iria (also known as rice flat sedge and rice flatsedge) is a smooth, tufted sedge found worldwide. The roots are yellowish-red and fibrous.International Rice Research Institute (1983). "Field problems of tropical rice", revised, p. 121. Int. Rice Res. Inst. ,Marita Ignacio Galinato, Keith Moody, Colin M. Piggin (1999). "Upland rice weeds of south and southeast Asia", p. 39, Int. Rice Res. Inst. , The plant often grows in rice paddies, where it is considered to be a weed.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology12
Life cycle & reproduction11
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment13
Physiology & chemistry2
Compounds documented for Cyperus iria across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds15 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Juvenile hormone III | present | LOTUS | |
| 2-Acetyl-4,8-dihydro-5-methylbenzo[1,2-b:5,4-b']difuran-4,8-dione | present | LOTUS | |
| 2-Prop-1-en-2-ylfuro[3,2-f][1]benzofuran-4,8-dione | present | LOTUS | |
| 3-[(Z)-heptadec-8-enyl]-2-hydroxy-5-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione | present | LOTUS | |
| 5-Methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrofuro[3,2-f][1]benzofuran-4,8-dione | present | LOTUS | |
| Aureusidin | present | LOTUS | |
| BENZO(1,2-b:5,4-b')DIFURAN-4,8-DIONE, 2,3-DIHYDRO-2-ISOPROPENYL-5-METHYL-, (-)- | present | LOTUS | |
| Benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b']difuran-4,8-dione, 2-[1-(hydroxymethyl)vinyl]-5-methyl- | present | LOTUS | |
| Cyanidin | present | LOTUS | |
| Cyperaquinone | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Cyperus iria has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Cyperus iria carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 162×CCDB · cyper-only · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71
n 645×CCDB · cyper-only · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +1
n 364×CCDB · cyper-only · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
How it livedPBDB
Record type9 113 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions178 of 349 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Brisbane, AU | 356 |
| Nagatoro-machi, Chichibu-gun, JP | 307 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 219 |
| Palmerston, AU | 215 |
| Odawara, JP | 180 |
| Chiba, JP | 180 |
| Saint Louis, US | 164 |
| Kochi, JP | 130 |
| Beijing, CN | 127 |
| Bronx, US | 117 |
| NSMKlocation not on record | 112 |
| Adelaide, AU | 110 |
| Taipei, TW | 109 |
| Jackson, US | 109 |
| Canberra, AU | 105 |
| Kensington, AU | 101 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 91 |
| Kew, GB | 88 |
| Nagano City, JP | 85 |
| Toyama, JP | 85 |
| Yangling, CN | 79 |
| Sanda, JP | 76 |
| Bando, JP | 69 |
| Mexico City, MX | 65 |
| Shinshu Universitylocation not on record | 64 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 56 |
| Taipei, TW | 54 |
| Tokushima, JP | 52 |
| Durango, MX | 51 |
| Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record | 50 |
| Tomioka, JP | 45 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 44 |
| Changsha, CN | 43 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 42 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 42 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 42 |
| Xiamen, CN | 41 |
| Baroda, IN | 40 |
| Austin, US | 40 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 38 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 37 |
| Porto Alegre, BR | 37 |
| Wuhan, CN | 36 |
| Williamsburg, US | 33 |
| Guilin, CN | 33 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 33 |
| Nanjing, CN | 31 |
| Armidale, AU | 31 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 31 |
| Fukushima Universitylocation not on record | 30 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 30 |
| Sendai, JP | 29 |
| Tampa, US | 29 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 29 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 27 |
| Kunming, CN | 27 |
| Fayetteville, US | 26 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 26 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 26 |
| JP | 26 |
| Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record | 25 |
| Kawasaki Shi Tama Ku, JP | 25 |
| Fort Worth, US | 24 |
| Université de Bordeauxlocation not on record | 24 |
| Smithfield, AU | 23 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 23 |
| Bangkok, TH | 22 |
| US | 21 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 21 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 21 |
| San Isidro, AR | 21 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 21 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 21 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 21 |
| Nishihara, JP | 20 |
| Hiratsuka City Museumlocation not on record | 20 |
| South Kensington, GB | 19 |
| Columbia, US | 18 |
| Guasave, MX | 18 |
| Miami, US | 17 |
| Awka, NG | 17 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 17 |
| UNIVASFlocation not on record | 16 |
| Blumenau, BR | 16 |
| Masindi, UG | 16 |
| Akita Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 15 |
| Mexico City, MX | 15 |
| León, NI | 15 |
| UFPElocation not on record | 15 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 14 |
| Ishikawa Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 14 |
| Taipei, TW | 14 |
| Berlin, DE | 14 |
| Parthenon Tama History Museumlocation not on record | 14 |
| College Park, US | 14 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 14 |
| Little Rock, US | 13 |
| Riverside, US | 13 |
| University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record | 12 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 12 |
| Chengdu, CN | 12 |
| Knoxville, US | 12 |
| BAYLUlocation not on record | 12 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 11 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 11 |
| Cuiabá, BR | 11 |
| UFERSAlocation not on record | 11 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 11 |
| UFSClocation not on record | 11 |
| GAlocation not on record | 11 |
| DOI/NPS, Mississippi National River & Recreation Arealocation not on record | 10 |
| WNNUlocation not on record | 10 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 10 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 10 |
| James Cook Townsvillelocation not on record | 10 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 9 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 9 |
| Bloomington, US | 9 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 9 |
| EL PASO, US | 9 |
| Aarhus, DK | 9 |
| LSF/FSA/UAClocation not on record | 9 |
| Shanghai, CN | 9 |
| San Angelo, US | 9 |
| Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record | 9 |
| Zapopan, MX | 9 |
| Universidade Federal do Ceara, Departamento de Biologialocation not on record | 8 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 8 |
| Auckland, NZ | 8 |
| Xining, CN | 8 |
| EFGlocation not on record | 8 |
| Plocation not on record | 8 |
| Seoul, KR | 8 |
| Shanghai, CN | 8 |
| AUAlocation not on record | 8 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 8 |
| New Brunswick, US | 8 |
| Osaka, JP | 8 |
| Universidade Federal de Santa Catarinalocation not on record | 8 |
| GMBAlocation not on record | 8 |
| J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record | 7 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 7 |
| Norfolk, US | 7 |
| Nishihara, JP | 7 |
| Chaguaramas, TT | 7 |
| Culiacán, MX | 7 |
| Forest Herbarium Ibadan (FHI)location not on record | 7 |
| Mississippi State, US | 7 |
| Brasília, BR | 7 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| MAlocation not on record | 6 |
| Edmonton, CA | 6 |
| Hobart, AU | 6 |
| Paris, FR | 6 |
| Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária, IPAlocation not on record | 6 |
| Corrientes, AR | 6 |
| Dover, US | 6 |
| Austin, US | 5 |
| Instituto de Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipaslocation not on record | 5 |
| Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortelocation not on record | 5 |
| CASlocation not on record | 5 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 5 |
| Davis, US | 5 |
| IECOSlocation not on record | 5 |
| Montecillo, Texcoco, MX | 5 |
| Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 4 |
| Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologialocation not on record | 4 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 4 |
| Flagstaff, US | 4 |
| Fairfax, US | 4 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 4 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 4 |
| Shenyang Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Philadelphia, US | 4 |
| KOMlocation not on record | 4 |
| Universidad de Nariño (UdeNar)location not on record | 4 |
| Lord Fairfax Community Collegelocation not on record | 4 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 4 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 4 |
| Fortaleza, BR | 4 |
| Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Berea Collegelocation not on record | 4 |
| LaCarto/IGATE/UAClocation not on record | 4 |
| Honolulu, US | 4 |
| Burlington, US | 4 |
| Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 4 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 3 |
| NSW Dept of Planning, Industry and Environmentlocation not on record | 3 |
| KR | 3 |
| Peking Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| USP-IBlocation not on record | 3 |
| UNESP-ISlocation not on record | 3 |
| Universidade Federal do Vale do São Franciscolocation not on record | 3 |
| Dehra Dun, IN | 3 |
| UFRPElocation not on record | 3 |
| KIRMlocation not on record | 3 |
| Morgantown, US | 3 |
| 黔东南州民族医药研究所标本室location not on record | 3 |
| Museum Of Natural And Environmental History, Shizuokalocation not on record | 3 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 3 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 3 |
| Chengdu, CN | 3 |
| Wuhan, CN | 3 |
| Beijing, CN | 3 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 3 |
| San Diego, US | 3 |
| Tall Timbers Research Stationlocation not on record | 3 |
| UNITINSlocation not on record | 3 |
| SIHUlocation not on record | 3 |
| Inner Mongolia Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Xinxiang, CN | 3 |
| University of Tennessee at Chattanoogalocation not on record | 3 |
| Jishou Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 3 |
| Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukubalocation not on record | 3 |
| Logan, US | 3 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 3 |
| Glocation not on record | 3 |
| UNICAMPlocation not on record | 3 |
| DNSMlocation not on record | 3 |
| Centro de Pesquisas Agropecuarias do Tropico Umidolocation not on record | 3 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 2 |
| Salvador, BR | 2 |
| Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (UDistrital)location not on record | 2 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 2 |
| ENTClocation not on record | 2 |
| UFSJlocation not on record | 2 |
| Chicago, US | 2 |
| UFMGlocation not on record | 2 |
| Beijing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Maryland Department of Natural Resourceslocation not on record | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 2 |
| Londrina, BR | 2 |
| Cambridge University Herbariumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Hermosillo, MX | 2 |
| Conway, US | 2 |
| James F. Matthews Center for Biodiversity Studieslocation not on record | 2 |
| Jiujiang Forestry Institutelocation not on record | 2 |
| San José, CR | 2 |
| Vancouver, CA | 2 |
| Iwate Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Torreón, MX | 2 |
| Shenzhen, CN | 2 |
| Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoirelocation not on record | 2 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique / Institut de l'environnement et de recherches agricoleslocation not on record | 2 |
| Durham, US | 2 |
| Montréal, CA | 2 |
| OTSlocation not on record | 2 |
| COLlocation not on record | 2 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Ischia Marine Centrelocation not on record | 2 |
| Conway, US | 2 |
| Northridge, US | 2 |
| University of North Carolina at Pembrokelocation not on record | 2 |
| Claremont, US | 2 |
| Minia, EG | 2 |
| Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record | 2 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Toyota city nature sanctuarylocation not on record | 2 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 2 |
| Zhuzhou, CN | 2 |
| Wlocation not on record | 2 |
| Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldilocation not on record | 2 |
| Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botanylocation not on record | 2 |
| Millersville, US | 2 |
| Gujarat Biodiversity Gene Banklocation not on record | 2 |
| UEPAlocation not on record | 2 |
| South China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 1 |
| Beijing Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| ifplocation not on record | 1 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 1 |
| Provo, US | 1 |
| DMZ botanic gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mlocation not on record | 1 |
| Department of Plant Resources, National Herbarium and Plant Laboratorieslocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduraslocation not on record | 1 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| KIWElocation not on record | 1 |
| LBVlocation not on record | 1 |
| Columbus State University Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre National des Semences Forestièreslocation not on record | 1 |
| Chadron, US | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| Nnamdi Azikiwe University Herbarium (NAUH)location not on record | 1 |
| Hanshan Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| FUVATESlocation not on record | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record | 1 |
| Lincoln, US | 1 |
| LINUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Omachi Alpine Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Collections de la Faculte des Sciences de Lyonlocation not on record | 1 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 1 |
| Hazara Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| QCNElocation not on record | 1 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Xian, CN | 1 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 1 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 1 |
| Phoenix, US | 1 |
| Buenos Aires, AR | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Selma to Montgomery National Historic Traillocation not on record | 1 |
| La Trobe Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)location not on record | 1 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 1 |
| Hebei Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| FJFClocation not on record | 1 |
| TNMlocation not on record | 1 |
| SJNAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mazatlán, MX | 1 |
| Tapachula, MX | 1 |
| GNWPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 1 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Arcata, US | 1 |
| Otaru, JP | 1 |
| Universidad de Autonoma de Baja Californialocation not on record | 1 |
| Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Ministry of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cruz das Almas, BR | 1 |
| Museum of Zoologylocation not on record | 1 |
| La Paz, BO | 1 |
| Kyoto Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| GB | 1 |
| Mérida, MX | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de Misiones- CONICETlocation not on record | 1 |
| Albuquerque, US | 1 |
| IAPlocation not on record | 1 |
| UEGlocation not on record | 1 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pittsburg, US | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| IPA/SPlocation not on record | 1 |
| New Haven, US | 1 |
| Universidade Federal do Maranhãolocation not on record | 1 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo naturalistico del Frignano Ferruccio Minghellilocation not on record | 1 |
| UFPRlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chapingo, MX | 1 |
| Toluca, MX | 1 |
| Due West, US | 1 |
| Bogotá, D.C., CO | 1 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 1 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Cyperus iria was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.