Compounds documented for Croton tiglium across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Croton tiglium has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens11
Marker genes5
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections7
Countries3
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Croton tiglium voucher 2170 internal transcribed spacer 1, partial sequence; 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene and internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence; and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK1★rbcL7★ITS2★ITS2trnH-psbA
plant barcodefungal barcodemarker
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · TreeOfSex
The complete instruction manualCroton tiglium carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Soontornchainaksaeng, P., P. Chantaranothai & C. Senakun. 2003. Genetic diversity of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) in Thailand. Cytologia 68: 379–382.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Soontornchainaksaeng, P. & K. Chaiyasut. 1999. Cytogenetic investigation of some Euphorbiaceae in Thailand. Cytologia 64: 229–234.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Mehra, P. N. 1976. Cytology of Himalayan Hardwoods. Sree Saraswaty Press, Calcutta.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — MEHRA, P.N., & A.S. HANS. 1969. In IOPB chromosome number reports XXI. Taxon 18: 310-315.
CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 — Mehra 1976
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — MEHRA, P.N., & A.S. HANS. 1972. Comparison of diploid and natural polyploid hardwoods. J. Indian Bot. soc. 51: 319-325.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin39.4 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
How it livedPBDB
Dietphotoautotroph
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type960 records
Wild obs. + sensor39
Museum / vouchered921
Origin
Native2
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO1 360 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy77% within 1 km
≤100 m 13≤1 km 7>10 km 6
26 georeferenced · 13 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor39
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy71% within 1 km
≤100 m 10≤1 km 7≤10 km 6>10 km 1
24 georeferenced · 897 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence921
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions46 of 70 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Beijing, CN
130
Kunming, CN
120
Guangzhou, CN
102
Guilin, CN
65
FJIDClocation not on record
34
Nanjing, CN
30
Guangzhou, CN
26
Nanjing, CN
25
Wuhan, CN
22
Chengdu, CN
21
Xiamen, CN
13
Chengdu, CN
11
Bronx, US
9
Hangzhou, CN
9
Yangling, CN
9
Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record
8
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinicalocation not on record
8
Ann Arbor, US
8
Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record
8
Taipei, TW
7
Shanghai, CN
7
Saint Louis, US
7
Seoul, KR
7
FJFClocation not on record
5
Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record
5
Guiyang, CN
5
MeiseBGlocation not on record
5
Guiyang, CN
4
Kew, GB
4
Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record
4
Wuhan, CN
4
Baroda, IN
4
Yunnan Universitylocation not on record
3
Guizhou Forestry Schoollocation not on record
3
Kagoshima, JP
3
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
3
Taipei, TW
3
Tlalnepantla, MX
3
Museo universitario di Chietilocation not on record
3
South Kensington, GB
3
South China Normal Universitylocation not on record
3
Zhuzhou, CN
3
Taipei, TW
3
Guiyang, CN
3
TAIElocation not on record
2
HAWlocation not on record
2
Guiyang, CN
2
Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record
2
Nanjing, CN
2
Philadelphia, US
2
Jinghong, CN
2
Strecker Museum, Baylor Universitylocation not on record
2
Cambridge University Herbariumlocation not on record
2
Claremont, US
1
Tsukuba, JP
1
Durban, ZA
1
Loja, EC
1
Shanghai, CN
1
Fort Worth, US
1
Stockholm, SE
1
Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
1
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
1
Paris, FR
1
Gujarat Biodiversity Gene Banklocation not on record
1
Beijing, CN
1
Burlington, US
1
Xian, CN
1
LDlocation not on record
1
Beijing Natural History Museumlocation not on record
1
Southwest Forestry Collegelocation not on record
1
70 institutions · 797 of 921 vouchered records shown · 124 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA7 detections
Where the DNA of Croton tiglium was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found7
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 7 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median25.1 °C 20.6–31.8
Seasonal swing summer↔winter16.5 °C
Max temp (day)30.5 °C 23.7–38.1
Min temp (night)19.3 °C 16.1–24.8
Precipitation109 mm/mo 29.4–129
Air humidity52.0 % 48.8–60.4
Moisture balance-17.8 mm/mo -178–30.6
Vapour deficit1,616 Pa 1,040–2,462
Wind speed1.90 m/s 1.80–3.30
Cloud cover25.2 % 13.0–47.3
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 3 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation14 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility960 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI7 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics11 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗