Crassocephalum rubens, also called Yoruba bologi, is an erect annual herb growing up to 80 cm tall. It is grown and consumed especially in Southwestern Nigeria, but also as far away as Yemen, South Africa, and islands of the Indian Ocean. Its mucilaginous leaves are used as a dry or fresh vegetable in a variety of dishes, and as medicine for several different ailments.Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (2004) Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables. PROTA Foundation, Wageningen; Backhuys, Leiden; CTA, Wageningen.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Crassocephalum rubens has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens1
Marker genes3
GenBank sequences7
eDNA detections1
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK2★rbcL1★ITS4
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualCrassocephalum rubens carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Gadella, T. W. 1982. In: IOPB chromosome number reports LXXVI. Taxon 31: 595–596.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Gadella, T. W. J. 1977d. In IOPB chromosome number reports LVI. Taxon 26: 257–274.
CCDB · book-ipcn72 — GADELLA, T.W.J. 1972. Cytological studies on some flowering plants collected in Africa. Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 42: 393-402.
CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants — Trop. Africa
n 102×CCDB · book-ipcn65 · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · book-ipcn65 — Turner & L. 1965
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Husaini, S. W. H. & G. A. Iwo. 1990. Cytology of some weedy species of the family Compositae (Asteraceae) from Jos Plateau, Nigeria. Feddes Repert. 101: 49–62.
n 161×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Gill, L. S. & I. D. Omoigui. 1987. The incidence of polyploidy in family Asteraceae in southern Nigeria. Rev. Cytol. Biol. Vég., Bot. 10: 177–184.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy56% within 1 km
≤100 m 79≤1 km 55≤10 km 59>10 km 47
240 georeferenced · 154 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor394
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy43% within 1 km
≤100 m 1≤1 km 2≤10 km 3>10 km 1
7 georeferenced · 634 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence641
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions16 of 52 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
MeiseBGlocation not on record
100
Kew, GB
81
Saint Louis, US
56
Paris, FR
46
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
37
Yaoundé, CM
31
HNBlocation not on record
27
WAGlocation not on record
16
Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record
11
Dresden, DE
11
Taipei, TW
9
Forest Herbarium Ibadan (FHI)location not on record
7
Taipei, TW
6
MAlocation not on record
6
Université du Lomélocation not on record
5
EFGlocation not on record
5
Uppsala, SE
5
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record
5
Clocation not on record
4
Addis Ababa, ET
4
Haramaya Universitylocation not on record
4
Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record
4
Plocation not on record
4
Université National du Béninlocation not on record
3
LBVlocation not on record
3
CNF-UFHBlocation not on record
3
Bronx, US
3
CJBGlocation not on record
2
Stockholm, SE
2
Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record
2
Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropicallocation not on record
2
LDlocation not on record
2
BRLUlocation not on record
2
South Kensington, GB
2
Centre National des Semences Forestièreslocation not on record
2
Pretoria, ZA
2
Glocation not on record
2
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
2
Llocation not on record
1
University of Hamburglocation not on record
1
LISClocation not on record
1
National Institute of Hygienic Scienceslocation not on record
1
Berlin, DE
1
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
1
Institut de Recherche Agronomique de Guinée (IRAG)location not on record
1
Institute for Agricultural Research of Mozambiquelocation not on record
1
Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoirelocation not on record
1
Njala Universitylocation not on record
1
EAlocation not on record
1
Institut de Recherche Agronomique de Guinée (IRAG)location not on record
1
Edinburgh, GB
1
Arusha, TZ
1
52 institutions · 532 of 641 vouchered records shown · 109 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA1 detections
Where the DNA of Crassocephalum rubens was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found1
Studies independent surveys1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 1 detections have coordinates
Open the map0 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 067 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI1 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics1 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype