Crassocephalum crepidioides
(Benth.) S.Moore · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Crassocephalum crepidioides's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation7 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility12 342 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI9 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics13 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
giftgenome & karyotype
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Crassocephalum crepidioides seeds Crassocephalum crepidioides, also called ebolo, thickhead, redflower ragleaf, or fireweed, is an erect annual slightly succulent herb growing up to 180 cm tall. Its use is widespread in many tropical and subtropical regions, but is especially prominent in tropical Africa. Its fleshy, mucilaginous leaves and stems are eaten as a vegetable, and many parts of the plant have medical uses. However, the safety of internal use needs further research due to the presence of plant toxins.Grubben, G.J.H., Vegetables, Volume 2 of Plant Resources of Tropical Africa, PROTA 2004,
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology16
Life cycle & reproduction11
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment16
Physiology & chemistry7
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Crassocephalum crepidioides across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds87 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (15alpha,20R)-12,15,20-Trihydroxy-15,20-dihydrosenecionan-11,16-dione | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7R,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-7-hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-9-oxo-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7S,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-7-hydroxy-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-9-oxo-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (1S,4E,7S,8E,11R)-7-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methylpent-4-enyl]-7,11-dimethyl-12-oxabicyclo[9.1.0]dodeca-4,8-diene-4-carbaldehyde | present | NPASS | |
| (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[4-[(2R,3S)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-yl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | NPASS | |
| (3S,3aS,7S,8S,8aS)-3-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-8a-methyl-8-[(E)-2-(3-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)ethenyl]-6-oxo-7-(2-oxopropyl)-1,2,3,3a,7,8-hexahydroazulene-5-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (3S,4aS,6aR,6bS,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bR)-3-hydroxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-dodecahydro-2H-picen-1-one | present | NPASS | |
| (7S,8R)-Urolignoside | present | NPASS | |
| 11-Oxoerythrodiol | present | NPASS | |
| 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl]-1-benzofuran-7-ol | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Crassocephalum crepidioides has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Crassocephalum crepidioides carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 4013×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn72 · CCDB · book-indian_vol1 +2
n 204×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71
diploid1×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type12 342 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions87 of 185 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Brisbane, AU | 206 |
| Odawara, JP | 155 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 152 |
| Beijing, CN | 145 |
| Tokushima, JP | 139 |
| Kunming, CN | 112 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 99 |
| Chiba, JP | 94 |
| Kochi, JP | 79 |
| Kew, GB | 76 |
| Guilin, CN | 65 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 57 |
| Saint Louis, US | 55 |
| Paris, FR | 55 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 50 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 48 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 48 |
| Bando, JP | 46 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 45 |
| Toyama, JP | 43 |
| Nagatoro-machi, Chichibu-gun, JP | 40 |
| Sanda, JP | 36 |
| NSMKlocation not on record | 35 |
| Shinshu Universitylocation not on record | 33 |
| Changsha, CN | 31 |
| Canberra, AU | 30 |
| South Kensington, GB | 29 |
| Tampa, US | 28 |
| Department of Plant Resources, National Herbarium and Plant Laboratorieslocation not on record | 27 |
| Guiyang, CN | 26 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 25 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 25 |
| Chengdu, CN | 25 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 24 |
| Durban, ZA | 24 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 23 |
| Nishihara, JP | 23 |
| Smithfield, AU | 23 |
| Nagano City, JP | 21 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 20 |
| Hiratsuka City Museumlocation not on record | 20 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 20 |
| Kathmandu, NP | 19 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 19 |
| Taipei, TW | 18 |
| Sendai, JP | 18 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 18 |
| University of Papua New Guinealocation not on record | 16 |
| CASlocation not on record | 15 |
| Taipei, TW | 15 |
| Bronx, US | 15 |
| Ishikawa Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 14 |
| Nishihara, JP | 14 |
| Cambridge, US | 14 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 14 |
| WAGlocation not on record | 14 |
| Fukushima Universitylocation not on record | 13 |
| Plocation not on record | 12 |
| Seoul, KR | 12 |
| Tomioka, JP | 11 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 11 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 10 |
| Honolulu, US | 10 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 10 |
| Stockholm, SE | 10 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 9 |
| Université du Lomélocation not on record | 9 |
| Jishou Universitylocation not on record | 9 |
| Université de Strasbourglocation not on record | 9 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 8 |
| Armidale, AU | 8 |
| Centre National d'Application des Recherches Pharmaceutiques (CNARP)location not on record | 8 |
| Taipei, TW | 8 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 8 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 8 |
| Palmerston, AU | 8 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 7 |
| Miami, US | 6 |
| Kensington, AU | 6 |
| Korea National Arboretumlocation not on record | 6 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 6 |
| Riverside, US | 6 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 6 |
| JP | 5 |
| Cibinong Science Center, Herbarium Bogorienselocation not on record | 5 |
| Xiamen, CN | 5 |
| Chengdu, CN | 5 |
| Osaka, JP | 5 |
| MAlocation not on record | 5 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 5 |
| Yunnan Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| 云南省思茅市民族传统医药研究所location not on record | 4 |
| Nanchong, CN | 4 |
| Hobart, AU | 4 |
| San José, CR | 4 |
| Akita Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 4 |
| SIHUlocation not on record | 4 |
| Berlin, DE | 4 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 4 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 3 |
| Auckland, NZ | 3 |
| Parthenon Tama History Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developement Rurallocation not on record | 3 |
| Toyota city nature sanctuarylocation not on record | 3 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 3 |
| Southwest Forestry Collegelocation not on record | 3 |
| Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 3 |
| Brussels, BE | 3 |
| EAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 3 |
| LBVlocation not on record | 3 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 3 |
| KR | 3 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 2 |
| Addis Ababa, ET | 2 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Zhuzhou, CN | 2 |
| Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Nanjing, CN | 2 |
| NSW Dept of Planning, Industry and Environmentlocation not on record | 2 |
| Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Clocation not on record | 2 |
| Glocation not on record | 2 |
| James Cook Townsvillelocation not on record | 2 |
| EL PASO, US | 2 |
| León, NI | 2 |
| Batemans Bay, AU | 2 |
| SJNAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record | 2 |
| KOMlocation not on record | 2 |
| Adelaide, AU | 2 |
| Museum Of Natural And Environmental History, Shizuokalocation not on record | 2 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropicallocation not on record | 2 |
| University of Calabar/Department of Plant and Ecological Studies Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fort Worth, US | 1 |
| Institut de Recherche Agronomique de Guinée (IRAG)location not on record | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| LDlocation not on record | 1 |
| LISClocation not on record | 1 |
| Université Nangui Abrogoualocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut de Recherche Agronomique de Guinée (IRAG)location not on record | 1 |
| DSMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologialocation not on record | 1 |
| FLASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Xining, CN | 1 |
| Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botanylocation not on record | 1 |
| Helsinki, FI | 1 |
| Jinghong, CN | 1 |
| Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| UJLOGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Hanshan Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| KNAMlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Museums of Kenyalocation not on record | 1 |
| Kawasaki Shi Tama Ku, JP | 1 |
| Tulane Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Jardín Botánico Nacional Dr. Rafael M. Moscosolocation not on record | 1 |
| J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Oxfordlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedraslocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Hamburglocation not on record | 1 |
| Forestry Research Institute of Nigerialocation not on record | 1 |
| GENTlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| San Diego, US | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
| Botanic Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| Jackson, US | 1 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 1 |
| Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung: Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseumlocation not on record | 1 |
| La Trobe Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Haramaya Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| MSB-3054location not on record | 1 |
| Wollongong, AU | 1 |
| Mlocation not on record | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Angwin, US | 1 |
| Claremont, US | 1 |
| Gump Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| LGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Parkville, AU | 1 |
| Goucher Collegelocation not on record | 1 |
Where the DNA of Crassocephalum crepidioides was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.