Colocasia esculenta
(L.) Schott · speciesAt a glance
Sources19 archives
Databases and archives Colocasia esculenta's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation22 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility17 910 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI55 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics58 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
FooDBThe Metabolomics Innovation Centrecompounds↗
foodatlascompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
giftgenome & karyotype
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Eddoe or eddo is a tropical vegetable often considered identifiable as the species Colocasia antiquorum,Utilisation des aliments tropicaux: racines et tubercules, FAO, Rome, 1990, p. 35. , google book. closely related to taro (dasheen, Colocasia esculenta), which is primarily used for its thickened stems (corms).Purseglove, J.W. 1972. Tropical crops. Monocotyledons. Longman & John Wiley, Harlow and New York.R. Tumuhimbise et al (2009) Growth and development of wetland-grown taro under different plant populations and seedbed types in Uganda. African Crop Science Journal, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2009, pp. 49-60 In most cultivars there is an acrid taste that requires careful cooking. The young leaves can also be cooked and eaten, but (unlike taro) they have a somewhat acrid taste.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology21
Life cycle & reproduction14
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment17
Physiology & chemistry4
Other traits2
Compounds documented for Colocasia esculenta across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds5 748 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| WATER | 900,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| CARBOHYDRATES | 885,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| PROTEIN | 347,280 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| STARCH | 262,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| AMYLOPECTIN | 188,640 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| ASH | 155,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| FIBER | 150,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Colocasia esculenta has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Colocasia esculenta carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 2836×CCDB · iapt · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn72 +8
2n 4216×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +6
2n 364×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-indian_vol2 · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants +1
2n 483×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-indian_vol2 · GIFT · GIFT (floras)
2n 141×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
2n 221×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
2n 261×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
2n 301×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
2n 381×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
n 1413×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · araceae
diploid1×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type17 910 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions118 of 210 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Auckland, NZ | 146 |
| Saint Louis, US | 69 |
| Honolulu, US | 59 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 58 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 48 |
| Palmerston, AU | 45 |
| Tampa, US | 44 |
| Université de Strasbourglocation not on record | 42 |
| Brisbane, AU | 35 |
| Beijing, CN | 32 |
| Bronx, US | 29 |
| Canberra, AU | 28 |
| Kew, GB | 26 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 21 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 21 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 19 |
| Texas Lutheran Universitylocation not on record | 17 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 16 |
| Chicago, US | 15 |
| Durban, ZA | 15 |
| Smithfield, AU | 15 |
| Columbia, US | 14 |
| Austin, US | 14 |
| Durango, MX | 12 |
| Kunming, CN | 12 |
| Miami, US | 11 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 11 |
| Wuhan, CN | 11 |
| Jackson, US | 11 |
| Blumenau, BR | 11 |
| Fort Worth, US | 10 |
| US | 10 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 10 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 9 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 9 |
| Philadelphia, US | 9 |
| Xiamen, CN | 8 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 8 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 8 |
| Université de Bordeauxlocation not on record | 8 |
| Puerto Ayora, EC | 7 |
| San José, CR | 7 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 7 |
| Tokushima, JP | 7 |
| Baroda, IN | 7 |
| Adelaide, AU | 6 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 5 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 5 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 5 |
| Taipei, TW | 5 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 5 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 5 |
| 黔东南州民族医药研究所标本室location not on record | 5 |
| Bangkok, TH | 4 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 4 |
| Guilin, CN | 4 |
| IBANNlocation not on record | 4 |
| Taipei, TW | 4 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 4 |
| New Haven, US | 4 |
| Corrientes, AR | 4 |
| Clemson, US | 3 |
| Gujarat Biodiversity Gene Banklocation not on record | 3 |
| Little Rock, US | 3 |
| QCNElocation not on record | 3 |
| Chengdu, CN | 3 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 3 |
| Odawara, JP | 3 |
| Palmerston North, NZ | 3 |
| Loja, EC | 3 |
| Seoul, KR | 3 |
| Riverside, US | 3 |
| Jishou Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Tianjin Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| UFOPlocation not on record | 3 |
| Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Aarhus, DK | 3 |
| Kensington, AU | 3 |
| Irvine, US | 3 |
| Chaguaramas, TT | 3 |
| Knoxville, US | 3 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 3 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 2 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 2 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 2 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortelocation not on record | 2 |
| Chengdu, CN | 2 |
| UEPAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 2 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 2 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 2 |
| Maringá, BR | 2 |
| James Cook Townsvillelocation not on record | 2 |
| Cambridge, US | 2 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Durham, US | 2 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 2 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 2 |
| Plocation not on record | 2 |
| Sanda, JP | 2 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 2 |
| South Kensington, GB | 2 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Madison, US | 2 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 2 |
| Nagano City, JP | 2 |
| Armidale, AU | 2 |
| Montecillo, Texcoco, MX | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 2 |
| Tempe, US | 2 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Phoenix, US | 2 |
| Changsha, CN | 2 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 1 |
| Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)location not on record | 1 |
| Brussels, BE | 1 |
| Osaka, JP | 1 |
| Universidade Federal de Santa Catarinalocation not on record | 1 |
| Sendai, JP | 1 |
| Hermosillo, MX | 1 |
| Río Palenque Science Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Oswego, US | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| Station d'Ecologie de Lamtolocation not on record | 1 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 1 |
| CMULlocation not on record | 1 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| La Paz, BO | 1 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 1 |
| Bando, JP | 1 |
| Xining, CN | 1 |
| Wellington, NZ | 1 |
| Tapachula, MX | 1 |
| University of Calabar/Department of Plant and Ecological Studies Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 1 |
| Millersville, US | 1 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 1 |
| Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó (UTCH)location not on record | 1 |
| Barcelona, ES | 1 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 1 |
| UFABClocation not on record | 1 |
| IFAN Ch. A. Dioplocation not on record | 1 |
| St. Paul, US | 1 |
| Universiti Sains Malaysialocation not on record | 1 |
| CASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 1 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 1 |
| Mount Pleasant, US | 1 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 1 |
| COLlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNEMATlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFSClocation not on record | 1 |
| OTSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tall Timbers Research Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| La Paz, MX | 1 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 1 |
| Alcaldía Municipal de Garzón en Huilalocation not on record | 1 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| KOMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chiba, JP | 1 |
| València, ES | 1 |
| Muzaffarabad, PK | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| UFMGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Flagstaff, US | 1 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 1 |
| LDlocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoirelocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut fur Allgemeine Mikrobiologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabascolocation not on record | 1 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 1 |
| Glocation not on record | 1 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 1 |
| Provincial Museum of Albertalocation not on record | 1 |
| GB | 1 |
| CUVClocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developement Rurallocation not on record | 1 |
| UFRPElocation not on record | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 1 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNISANTAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 1 |
| EL PASO, US | 1 |
| Centre National d'Application des Recherches Pharmaceutiques (CNARP)location not on record | 1 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Audubon Society -- Silver Bluff Audubon Center and Sanctuarylocation not on record | 1 |
| Montréal, CA | 1 |
| Université du Lomélocation not on record | 1 |
| Xian, CN | 1 |
| Quito, EC | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 1 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 1 |
| Ojo, NG | 1 |
| Nnamdi Azikiwe University Herbarium (NAUH)location not on record | 1 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 1 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 1 |
| Ilhéus, BR | 1 |
| Corporación Autónoma Regional Para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB)location not on record | 1 |
| Gump Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de la Amazonia (UniAmazonia)location not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de Nariño (UdeNar)location not on record | 1 |
| Hazara Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Colocasia esculenta was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.