Claytonia caroliniana, the Carolina springbeauty, is an herbaceous perennial in the family Montiaceae. It was formerly placed in the Portulacaceae. Its native range is eastern and central North America. It is most commonly found in the New England area of the United States but its habitat extends from Ontario and a northern limit in the Cape Anguille Mountains of Newfoundland and south to Alabama. It grows approximately 6 inches tall in forests of the Appalachian Mountains and piedmontMiller, J. M. and K. L. Chambers. 2006. Systematics of Claytonia (Portulacaceae). Systematic Botany Monographs 78: 1-236.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Claytonia caroliniana has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens24
Marker genes8
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections87
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Claytonia caroliniana voucher JAG 0871 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene and internal transcribed spacer 2, partial sequence
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manualClaytonia caroliniana carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size5 012 250 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
THIS GENOME Claytonia caroliniana5.01 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 162×CCDB · sys-botany · CCDB · book-ipcn66
CCDB · sys-botany — Multiple references
CCDB · book-ipcn66 — Love & Love 1966b
2n 241×CCDB · sys-botany
CCDB · sys-botany — Multiple references
2n 251×CCDB · sys-botany
CCDB · sys-botany — Multiple references
2n 261×CCDB · sys-botany
CCDB · sys-botany — Multiple references
2n 271×CCDB · sys-botany
CCDB · sys-botany — Multiple references
2n 361×CCDB · sys-botany
CCDB · sys-botany — Multiple references
2n 381×CCDB · sys-botany
CCDB · sys-botany — Multiple references
n 122×CCDB · sys-botany · CCDB · book-ipcn66
CCDB · sys-botany — Multiple references
CCDB · book-ipcn66 — Davis & Bowmer 1966
n 81×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Doyle, J. J. & J. L. Doyle. 1988. Natural interspecific hybridization in eastern North American Claytonia. Amer. J. Bot. 75: 1238–1246.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin3 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type12 996 records
Wild obs. + sensor11 818
Museum / vouchered1 176
Cultivated / captive2
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO25 512 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy85% within 1 km
≤100 m 6 617≤1 km 1 390≤10 km 681>10 km 762
9 450 georeferenced · 2 368 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor11 818
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy35% within 1 km
≤100 m 50≤1 km 175≤10 km 316>10 km 93
634 georeferenced · 542 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 176
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy100% within 1 km
≤100 m 1
1 georeferenced · 1 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living2
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions49 of 71 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
164
Québec, CA
113
St. Paul, US
103
Ann Arbor, US
91
Durham, US
65
Burlington, US
57
Acadia Universitylocation not on record
54
Madison, US
46
Université Lavallocation not on record
45
Green Bay, US
42
Philadelphia, US
40
Montréal, CA
30
Saint John, CA
29
New Haven, US
23
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
19
Bloomington, US
17
Toronto, CA
17
DULlocation not on record
13
Morgantown, US
12
Bangkok, TH
10
Knoxville, US
10
Keene State Universitylocation not on record
8
College Park, US
7
Johnson City, US
7
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
6
Richmond, US
5
Bronx, US
5
Tampa, US
5
Little Rock, US
4
Vancouver, CA
4
Davenport, US
4
University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record
3
Oswego, US
3
Trois-Rivières, CA
3
Williamsburg, US
3
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record
3
Paris, FR
3
Chapel Hill, US
2
University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record
2
Philadelphia, US
2
Staten Island, US
2
Hamilton, US
2
Maryland Department of Natural Resourceslocation not on record
2
Smithsonian Institutionlocation not on record
2
Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record
2
Durham, US
1
Western Carolina Universitylocation not on record
1
McGill University, Herbariumlocation not on record
1
GAlocation not on record
1
Chicago, US
1
Flagstaff, US
1
ASUlocation not on record
1
Boise, US
1
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
1
North Carolina Museum of Natural Scienceslocation not on record
1
Millersville, US
1
Beijing, CN
1
Claremont, US
1
CSBSJUlocation not on record
1
Brookings, US
1
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
1
Pullman, US
1
Ypsilanti, US
1
Asheville, US
1
Jackson, US
1
Dekalb, US
1
Clemson, US
1
US
1
Montréal, CA
1
Whitehorse, CA
1
BAYLUlocation not on record
1
71 institutions · 1 115 of 1 176 vouchered records shown · 61 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA87 detections
Where the DNA of Claytonia caroliniana was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found87
Studies independent surveys2
Countries2
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 87 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median2.90 °C 2.90–2.90
Seasonal swing summer↔winter25.3 °C
Max temp (day)6.40 °C
Min temp (night)0.2 °C
Precipitation156 mm/mo
Air humidity63.8 %
Moisture balance127 mm/mo
Vapour deficit273 Pa
Wind speed3.40 m/s
Cloud cover67.0 %
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 81 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation2 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility12 996 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI87 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics24 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗