Cirsium palustre
(L.) Scop. · speciesAt a glance
Occurrence records822 533
Data sources10
Biological traits54
DNA specimens56
eDNA detections26
Sources10 archives
Databases and archives Cirsium palustre's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility822 533 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI26 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics56 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗On this page7 sections
Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
NarrativeWikipediaarticle
Traits & measurements4 literature sources54 traits
Chemical compositionLOTUS10 compounds
Occurrence & distributionGBIF822 533 records
Environmental DNA1 datasets · 8 countries26 detections
DNA & barcodingBOLD56 specimens
Genome at a glanceCCDB · TreeOfSex2n = 34
01Narrative
Le cirse des marais, également appelé bâton-du-diable, est une espèce de plante à fleurs appartenant au genre Cirsium et à la famille des Astéracées. C'est une bisannuelle assez grande, poussant notamment dans les prairies humides.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
02Traits & measurements
SourcesGIFTLEDATRYWCVP
Size & morphology15
Fruit length3 mm
Fruit width1 mm
Leaf length max350 mm
Leaf size2 980 mm²
Leaf width150 mm
Leaf width max150 mm
Leaf width min150 mm
Plant height0.825 m
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 0.825 m · LEDA: 0.85 m · TRY: 1.24 m
Plant height generative0.828 m
Plant height max2 m
Plant height min0.6 m
Seed length3.13 mm
Seed mass1.67 mg
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 1.67 mg · LEDA: 1.57 mg · GIFT: 1.6 mg
Seed mass max2 mg
Seed mass min1.57 mg
Life cycle & reproduction15
Deciduousnessevergreen
Dehiscenceindehiscent
Dispersal typewater
⚠ sources differ — LEDA: nautochor · GIFT: anemochorous
Flowering endSep
Flowering startApr
Life formbiennial or perennial
Life spanbiennial
⚠ sources differ — TRY: biennial · LEDA: strict monocarpic bi-annuals and poly-annuals · GIFT: biennial
Lifespan years2 years
Pollination modebiotic
Pollination syndromeinsect
Raunkiær life formhemicryptophyte
Reproduction asexualabsent
Seed number3 914
Self fertilizationpresent
Sex typehermaphrodite
Diet & foraging2
Carnivorynon-carnivorous
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment9
Aquaticterrestrial
Climatetemperate
Climberself-supporting
Epiphyteterrestrial
Fruit typeachene
Growth formherb
Habitat GIFTforest, meadows: wet, shrubberies, steppe, swamps
Mycorrhiza typearbuscular
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry10
Leaf C:N ratio20.68 g/g
Leaf c360 mg/g
Leaf dry-matter content (LDMC)150 mg/g
Leaf n17.62 mg/g
Leaf p2.02 mg/g
Nitrogen fixingnon_nitrogen_fixer
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Seed longevity index0
Specific leaf area (SLA)20.41 mm²/mg
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 20.41 mm²/mg · LEDA: 18 mm²/mg · GIFT: 18.1 mm²/mg
Wood density94.14 mg/cm³
Other traits3
Diaspore typeone-seeded generative dispersule
Monocarpymonocarp
Seeds per fruit>1000
03Chemical composition10 compounds
Compounds documented for Cirsium palustre across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Ursane and Taraxastane triterpenoids2
Flavones2
Oleanane triterpenoids2
Branched fatty acids $ Unsaturated fatty acids1
Lupane triterpenoids1
Documented compounds10 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| alpha-Amyrin acetate | present | LOTUS | |
| beta-Amyrin | present | LOTUS | |
| Beta-Amyrin Acetate | present | LOTUS | |
| Faradiol | present | LOTUS | |
| Lupeol Acetate | present | LOTUS | |
| Luteolin 7-glucoside | present | LOTUS | |
| Methyl hexadecanoate | present | LOTUS | |
| palmitate | present | LOTUS | |
| Sitogluside | present | LOTUS |
05DNA & barcoding56 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Cirsium palustre has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens56
Marker genes6
eDNA detections26
Countries9
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK★rbcL★rbcLa★ITS★ITS1★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · TreeOfSex
The complete instruction manual Cirsium palustre carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 34 n = 17
Ploidydiploid inferred
Chromosome records34–342n range34median34mode29records
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 3429×CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · brit-fl · CCDB · iber-fl +15
CCDB · slov-fl — Májovský J. et al., 1974a: Index of chromosome numbers of Slovakian flora (Part 3). - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. 22: 1-20.
CCDB · slov-fl — Májovský J., Uhríková A., Javorčíková D., Mičieta K., Králik E., Dúbravcová Z., Feráková V., Murín A., Černušáková D., Hindáková M., Schwarzová T. & Záborský J., 2000: Prvý doplnok karyotaxonomického prehľadu flóry Slovenska. - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. Supplementum Nr. 1: 1-127.
CCDB · brit-fl — Morton, J.K. Watsonia 11: 211-223 (1977)
CCDB · brit-fl — Dempsey, R.E., Gornall, R.J., Bailey, J.P. Watsonia 20: 63-66 (1994)
CCDB · iber-fl — Contribucin al estudio cariolgico del gnero Cirsium en la pennsula Ibrica. Talavera, S.Lagascalia4(2): 285-296(1974).
CCDB · nw-europe-fl — http://wbd.etibioinformatics.nl/bis/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=3862
CCDB · fl-europaea — Gadella & Kliphuis,
CCDB · poland — Czapik R. 1958. Karyological studies in species of Cirsium Mill. em. Scop, occuring in Poland. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 27, 483-489.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Dmitrieva, S. A. 1987. Kariologicheskaja kharakteristika nekotorykh predstaviteley sem. slozhnocvetnykh (Asteraceae Dumort.) flory Belorussii. Botanika (Minsk) 28: 23–33.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Parfenov, V. I. & S. A. Dmitrieva. 1988. Kariologicheskaja kharakteristika predstavitelej flory sosudistykh rastenij Berezinskogo biosfernogo zapovednika. Zapov. Belorussii Issl. 12: 3–8.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Dempsey, R. E., R. J. Gornall & J. P. Bailey. 1994. Contributions to a cytological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 4. Watsonia 20: 63–66.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Albers, F. & W. Pröbsting. 1998. In R. Wisskirchen & H. Haeupler, Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Bundesamt für Naturschutz & Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Morton, J. K. 1977. A cytological study of the Compositae (excluding Hieracium and Taraxacum) of the British Isles. Watsonia 11: 211–223.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Skalinska, M. 1974. Further studies in chromosome numbers of Polish angiosperms. X. Acta Biol. Cracov., Ser. Bot. 17: 133–164.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Rotreklova. 2004. Chromosome numbers for some species of vascular plants from Europe. Biologia (Bratislava) 59: 425–433.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — GADELLA, Th. W. J., & E. KLIPHUIS. 1966.' Chromosome numbers of flowering plants in the Netherlands II. Proc. Roy. Neth. Acad. Sci. Ser. C. 69: 541-556.
CCDB · book-northern-plants — Poddubnaja-Arnoldi 1931.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — MAJOVSKY, J., ET AL. 1974. Index of chromosome numbers of Slovakian flora. (Part 3). Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comenianae Bot. 22: 1-20.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — TALAVERA, S. 1974. Contribucion al estudio cariologico del genera Cirsium en la peninsula Iberica. Lagascalia 4: 285-296.
CCDB · eflora
CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants — Poddubnaja 1931
CCDB · kew — Bureš P, Wang Y-F, Horova L, Suda J. 2004. Genome size variation in Central European species of Cirsium (Compositae) and their natural hybrids. Annals of Botany 94: 353-363.
CCDB · Cave1958 — Czapik 1958
CCDB · Cave1962 — Moore & F. 1962a
CCDB · Cave1963 — Gadella & Klip. 1963; Ll.)vkvist 1962
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Rotreklova. (2004). Chromosome numbers for some species of vascular plants from Europe. Biologia (Bratislava) 59: 425–433.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Loon van, J. C. & de Jong, H. (1978). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports LIX]. Taxon 27(1): 56-61.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Talavera, S. (1974). Contribución al estudio cariológico del género Cirsium en la Península Ibérica. Lagascalia 4(2): 285-296.
TreeOfSex · plant — Goldblatt1979 ↗
n 174×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015 +1
CCDB · iber-fl — Nmeros cromosmicos para la flora espaola, 32-34. Fernndez Casas, J. & M. L. Rodrguez Pascual.Lagascalia7(2): 207-208(1977).
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Fernandez Casas, J. & M. L. R. Pascual. 1978. In Numeros cromosomicos para la flora Espanola. 1-44. Lagascalia 7: 191–216.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Fernández Casas, J. & Rodríguez Pascual, M. L. (1977). Números cromosómicos para la flora española, 32-34. Lagascalia 7(2): 207-208.
TreeOfSex · plant — Goldblatt1979 ↗
n 01×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Rotreklova. (2004). Chromosome numbers for some species of vascular plants from Europe. Biologia (Bratislava) 59: 425–433.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
PloiDB · genus-scale — chromEvol; reliability=1.000 ↗
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type822 533 records
Wild obs. + sensor809 866
Museum / vouchered10 118
Cultivated / captive270
Fossil2
Other2 277
Origin
Native43 738
Introduced7
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO674 692 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy56% within 1 km
≤100 m 193 608≤1 km 181 259≤10 km 293 898>10 km 2 571
671 336 georeferenced · 138 530 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor809 866
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy37% within 1 km
≤100 m 661≤1 km 2 276≤10 km 4 831>10 km 195
7 963 georeferenced · 2 155 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence10 118
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 7>10 km 19
26 georeferenced · 244 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living270
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions80 of 154 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 5 760 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 353 |
| Salzburg, AT | 316 |
| Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 303 |
| LDlocation not on record | 244 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 168 |
| Olocation not on record | 135 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 112 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 107 |
| Kuopio, FI | 102 |
| South Kensington, GB | 97 |
| Oulu, FI | 90 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 78 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 73 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 72 |
| Bergen, NO | 68 |
| Trondheim, NO | 68 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 58 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 50 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 50 |
| Madison, US | 49 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 48 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 45 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 43 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 40 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 40 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 39 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 37 |
| Turku, FI | 35 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 34 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 33 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 33 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 31 |
| Vitoria, ES | 31 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 30 |
| MAlocation not on record | 30 |
| Barcelona, ES | 29 |
| LfUlocation not on record | 29 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 28 |
| Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowielocation not on record | 26 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 23 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 23 |
| Görlitz, DE | 23 |
| Bern, CH | 22 |
| Green Bay, US | 21 |
| València, ES | 19 |
| Tallinn, EE | 18 |
| Uppsala, SE | 18 |
| Wlocation not on record | 16 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 15 |
| Berlin, DE | 15 |
| Mlocation not on record | 14 |
| Auckland, NZ | 14 |
| Tartu, EE | 14 |
| Salamanca, ES | 10 |
| Palacký University in Olomouclocation not on record | 9 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 9 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 9 |
| University of Copenhagen, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Herbarium Clocation not on record | 9 |
| Porvoo, FI | 9 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 8 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 8 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 8 |
| Helsinki, FI | 8 |
| Bronx, US | 7 |
| BClocation not on record | 7 |
| Wellington, NZ | 7 |
| Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiejlocation not on record | 7 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 6 |
| PrivatHerblocation not on record | 6 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 6 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 5 |
| Zürich, CH | 5 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 5 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 5 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 5 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 5 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 4 |
| Tilburg, NL | 4 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 4 |
| Acadia Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Glarus, CH | 4 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Forssa, FI | 4 |
| Badajoz, ES | 4 |
| Bourges, FR | 4 |
| Alicante, ES | 4 |
| Rovaniemi, FI | 3 |
| The Tula Region State Institution of Culture "Tula Museum Association"location not on record | 3 |
| Saint Louis, US | 3 |
| Madrid, ES | 3 |
| Dresden, DE | 3 |
| Coimbra, PT | 3 |
| Stockholm, SE | 3 |
| Philadelphia, US | 3 |
| Victoria, CA | 3 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 3 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 3 |
| Chicago, US | 2 |
| Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| nbflocation not on record | 2 |
| Durham, US | 2 |
| Pamplona, ES | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Opolskilocation not on record | 2 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Podgorica, ME | 2 |
| Vancouver, CA | 2 |
| Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Bloomington, US | 2 |
| Kew, GB | 2 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 2 |
| ZRC-SAZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tula State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Canberra, AU | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 1 |
| Musée des Confluenceslocation not on record | 1 |
| Moscow University Herbarium (MW)location not on record | 1 |
| Montréal, CA | 1 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| Sevilla, ES | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Saint John, CA | 1 |
| Québec, CA | 1 |
| Fribourg, CH | 1 |
| B.A. Bennett Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Sion, CH | 1 |
| OLAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Emporia, US | 1 |
| Sant Julià de Lòria, AD | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
| Burlington, US | 1 |
| National Botanic Garden of Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| Monastir, TN | 1 |
| Whitehorse, CA | 1 |
| ISAlocation not on record | 1 |
| PRClocation not on record | 1 |
| IPE-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| ESP003location not on record | 1 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 1 |
| St. Paul, US | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 1 |
| Macomb, US | 1 |
| Boise, US | 1 |
| Göteborg, SE | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| BGBMlocation not on record | 1 |
154 institutions · 9 575 of 10 118 vouchered records shown · 477 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA26 detections
Where the DNA of Cirsium palustre was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found26
Studies independent surveys1
Countries8
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 26 detections have coordinates
Open the map8 countries0
in tall grass meadowRoadside bank, local
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median13.7 °C 11.2–15.9
Seasonal swing summer↔winter14.4 °C
Max temp (day)16.4 °C 12.4–20.5
Min temp (night)10.2 °C 8.20–12.1
Precipitation82.3 mm/mo 54.4–108
Air humidity62.1 % 57.7–64.8
Moisture balance-26.1 mm/mo -65.8–16.8
Vapour deficit600 Pa 487–804
Wind speed4.00 m/s 2.40–5.60
Cloud cover47.9 % 38.3–61.5
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 18 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.