Cirsium heterophyllum
(L.) Hill · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Cirsium heterophyllum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation10 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility129 907 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI6 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics17 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Cirsium heterophyllum, the melancholy thistle, is an erect spineless herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Europe and western Asia, where it grows in upland meadows, grasslands, road verges and open woodland.Altervista Flora Italiana, Cardo con foglie variabili, Melancholy Thistle, Cirsium heterophyllum (L.) Hill includes photos and European distribution map
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology7
Life cycle & reproduction10
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment8
Physiology & chemistry7
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Cirsium heterophyllum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile1 class
Documented compounds2 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| Luteolin 7-glucoside | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Cirsium heterophyllum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Cirsium heterophyllum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 3424×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · GoaT · Tree of Sex Database · CCDB · slov-fl +13
n 172×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · TreeOfSex · plant
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Record type129 907 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions43 of 91 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| LDlocation not on record | 377 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 341 |
| Olocation not on record | 318 |
| Kuopio, FI | 241 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 155 |
| Oulu, FI | 154 |
| Trondheim, NO | 108 |
| Salzburg, AT | 102 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 102 |
| Tartu, EE | 99 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 91 |
| Turku, FI | 78 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 68 |
| Bergen, NO | 65 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 64 |
| Görlitz, DE | 55 |
| Tallinn, EE | 50 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 48 |
| South Kensington, GB | 48 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 43 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 37 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 35 |
| Uppsala, SE | 25 |
| Wlocation not on record | 21 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 20 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 18 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 17 |
| Porvoo, FI | 14 |
| Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical Universitylocation not on record | 13 |
| Vitoria, ES | 12 |
| Kandalaksha State Nature Reservelocation not on record | 11 |
| PRClocation not on record | 11 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 10 |
| MAlocation not on record | 10 |
| Mlocation not on record | 10 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 9 |
| Rovaniemi, FI | 8 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 8 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 7 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 6 |
| Garðabær, IS | 6 |
| Stockholm, SE | 6 |
| Dresden, DE | 5 |
| LfUlocation not on record | 5 |
| Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowielocation not on record | 5 |
| Berlin, DE | 4 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 4 |
| Forssa, FI | 4 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 4 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 4 |
| Prioksko-Terrasnyi Biosphere Reservelocation not on record | 4 |
| Salamanca, ES | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| Philadelphia, US | 3 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 3 |
| 3 | |
| Sion, CH | 2 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 2 |
| Paris, FR | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| nbflocation not on record | 2 |
| UGentlocation not on record | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 2 |
| Pamplona, ES | 2 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Alicante, ES | 1 |
| Bronx, US | 1 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 1 |
| Henry Brockhouse Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Macomb, US | 1 |
| València, ES | 1 |
| NMWlocation not on record | 1 |
| Naturhistorische Gesellschaft Nürnberg e.V.location not on record | 1 |
| Québec, CA | 1 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| Göteborg, SE | 1 |
| The Tula Region State Institution of Culture "Tula Museum Association"location not on record | 1 |
| NMBU:MINAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 1 |
| SWlocation not on record | 1 |
| Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 1 |
| EL PASO, US | 1 |
| Granada, ES | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Cirsium heterophyllum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.