Chlorophyllum brunneum, la Lépiote des jardins ou Lépiote vénéneuse, autrefois Macrolepiota venenata, est une espèce de champignon (Fungi) basidiomycète du genre Chlorophyllum dans la famille des Agaricaceae. Variablement toxique, elle est caractérisée par son bulbe typiquement marginé, son anneau simple, sa chair rosissante et son habitat dans les lieux anthropisés.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Chlorophyllum brunneum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens14
Marker genes3
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections61
Countries5
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Chlorophyllum brunneum isolate MICH CIB P. M. Rea, Mrs. and Mr. H. P. Dearing 404 voucher MICH:200045 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence; and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★ITS10★ITS1★ITS2
fungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualChlorophyllum brunneum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size≈38 856 969 bp assembly estimate
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
THIS GENOME Chlorophyllum brunneum0.04 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelChromosome
Completeness94.3% BUSCO
07Deep time~19.8 Ma lineage
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin19.8 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type3 352 records
Wild obs. + sensor3 136
Museum / vouchered215
Cultivated / captive1
Origin
Introduced1
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO8 120 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy70% within 1 km
≤100 m 1 466≤1 km 379≤10 km 628>10 km 152
2 625 georeferenced · 511 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor3 136
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy62% within 1 km
≤100 m 33≤1 km 40≤10 km 40>10 km 5
118 georeferenced · 97 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence215
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 1
1 georeferenced
Open the mapnot free-living1
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions24 of 43 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record
32
WTUlocation not on record
18
Karlsruhe, DE
14
Olocation not on record
13
Denver, US
10
Auckland, NZ
10
Görlitz, DE
10
Göteborg, SE
8
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
8
Kensington, AU
7
Hobart, AU
7
San Sebastián, ES
7
WU-MYClocation not on record
5
DPIlocation not on record
5
Helsinki, FI
4
Copenhagen, DK
3
Kew, GB
3
Vancouver, CA
3
Salzburg, AT
3
Toronto, CA
3
LDlocation not on record
3
University of Oslo, Natural History Museumlocation not on record
2
Brisbane, AU
2
California State University, East Baylocation not on record
2
Tartu, EE
1
Chicago, US
1
Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record
1
Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocagelocation not on record
1
Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record
1
Philadelphia, US
1
TENN-Flocation not on record
1
Personal Herbarium of Joanne Schwartzlocation not on record
1
Tromso University Museumlocation not on record
1
Berlin, DE
1
CJBGlocation not on record
1
Canberra, AU
1
Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung: Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseumlocation not on record
1
Gijón, ES
1
Bronx, US
1
Personal Herbarium of Bitty Roylocation not on record
1
Uppsala, SE
1
Adelaide, AU
1
TROMlocation not on record
1
43 institutions · 201 of 215 vouchered records shown · 14 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA61 detections
Where the DNA of Chlorophyllum brunneum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found61
Studies independent surveys4
Countries3
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 61 detections have coordinates
Open the map3 countries0
i blomsterkasseForestBlomsterkasse med vuccapalme og bjørkefikenDevelopedOn Soil; Oak woodland; Coast Live Oak, Querc…I en pallekarm med kjopejord og kugjodselkom…
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Measured at samplingin-field
Temperature17.0 °C 13.0–25.0
pH6.20 5.10–7.10
Conductivity102 µS/cm 35.0–282
Organic carbon3.11 % 0.87–5.51
Water content2.77 % 1.55–3.98
Nitrate-N7.00 mg/kg 2.00–55.0
Phosphorus62.0 mg/kg 13.0–170
Clay14.9 % 5.01–30.1
Sand78.5 % 55.9–86.8
Depth0 m 0–0.2
SoilPodosolVertosolTenosolChromosolsSodosol
27 samples with on-site data · median with range · describes the sample, not the organism
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median14.0 °C 12.2–17.2
Seasonal swing summer↔winter10.0 °C
Max temp (day)19.7 °C 16.6–21.7
Min temp (night)8.60 °C 7.50–13.4
Precipitation58.2 mm/mo 55.7–84.3
Air humidity57.1 % 55.8–57.4
Moisture balance-75.2 mm/mo -84.6–121
Vapour deficit706 Pa 622–848
Wind speed3.60 m/s 2.70–4.50
Cloud cover25.8 % 22.6–40.0
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 55 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility3 352 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI61 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics14 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
Catalogue of LifeCOLtaxonomy↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗