Centaurea sphaerocephala
speciesAt a glance
Occurrence records849
Data sources8
Biological traits10
DNA specimens1
eDNA detections0
Sources8 archives
Databases and archives Centaurea sphaerocephala's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility849 records↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics1 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗On this page6 sections
Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
NarrativeWikipediaarticle
Traits & measurements3 literature sources10 traits
Chemical compositionLOTUS14 compounds
Occurrence & distributionGBIF849 records
DNA & barcodingBOLD1 specimens
Genome at a glanceCCDB2n = 22
01Narrative
Centaurea sphaerocephala é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Asteraceae. A autoridade científica da espécie é L., tendo sido publicada em Sp. Pl. 2: 916. 1753.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
02Traits & measurements
SourcesWCVPGIFTTRY
Size & morphology1
Plant height0.184 m
Life cycle & reproduction3
Life formperennial
Life spanperennial
Raunkiær life formhemicryptophyte
Diet & foraging1
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment5
Climatesubtropical
Climberself-supporting
Epiphyteterrestrial
Growth formPerennial forb
Woodinessnon-woody
03Chemical composition14 compounds
Compounds documented for Centaurea sphaerocephala across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile3 classes
Flavones6
Germacrane sesquiterpenoids4
Elemane sesquiterpenoids3
Documented compounds14 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1R,2S,4S,6R,9Z,11R)-2-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-14-methylidene-5,12-dioxatricyclo[9.3.0.04,6]tetradec-9-en-13-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (3aS,4R,6R,7S,7aS)-6-ethenyl-4-hydroxy-7-(3-hydroxyprop-1-en-2-yl)-6-methyl-3-methylidene-4,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-3aH-1-benzofuran-2-one | present | LOTUS | |
| 7-O-Beta-D-Glucopyranoside | present | LOTUS | |
| [(3aR,4S,6E,10Z,11aR)-10-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(3aR,4S,6E,10Z,11aR)-10-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (3S)-4-acetyloxy-3-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(3aR,4S,6S,7R,7aR)-6-ethenyl-7-(3-hydroxyprop-1-en-2-yl)-6-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-4,5,7,7a-tetrahydro-3aH-1-benzofuran-4-yl] (3S)-4-acetyloxy-3-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate | present | LOTUS | |
| Apigenin | present | LOTUS | |
| Apiumetrin | present | LOTUS | |
| Chrysoeriol | present | LOTUS | |
| Cnicin | present | LOTUS |
05DNA & barcoding1 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Centaurea sphaerocephala has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens1
Countries1
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manual Centaurea sphaerocephala carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 22 n = 11
Ploidydiploid inferred
Chromosome records20–442n range22median22mode37records
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 2227×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · fl-europaea · CCDB · mediterranean +5
CCDB · iber-fl — Contribution la connaissance cytotaxinomique des spermatophyta du Portugal. II. Compositae Fernandes, A. & M. Queirs.Bol. Soc. Brot. ser. 245: 5-121(1971).
CCDB · iber-fl — Chromosomenzahlen aus der Tribus Cardueae (Compositae). Hellwig, H. Frank.Willdenowia24: 219-248(1994).
CCDB · iber-fl — Chromosome numbers of some flowering plants of Spain and France. Gadella, Th., E. Kliphuis & E. A. Mennega.Acta Bot. Neerl.15(2): 484-489(1966).
CCDB · iber-fl — Nmeros cromosomticos de plantas occidentales, 1-34. Valds Bermejo, E.Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid36: 373-389(1980).
CCDB · iber-fl — Nmeros cromosmicos de algunas plantas espaolas. I. Valds, B.Lagascalia3(2): 211-217(1973).
CCDB · iber-fl — Sur les caryotipes de quelques espces du genre Centaurea L. et leur signification taxonomique. Guinochet, M. & J. Foissac.Rev. Cytol. Biol. Vg. Botaniste25(3/4): 373(1962).
CCDB · iber-fl — Estudios citogenticos en especies espaolas del gnero Centaurea. Granada. Fernndez Morales, M. J.*(1974).
CCDB · iber-fl — Notas cariolgicas sobre algunas compuestas de Andaluca. Arista, M., S. Talavera & P. L. Ortiz.Acta Bot. Malacitana20: 37-42(1995).
CCDB · iber-fl — Nmeros cromosmicos para la flora espaola, 603-617. Gallego, M. J. & A. Aparicio.Lagascalia15(2): 288-295(1990).
CCDB · iber-fl — Chromosome numbers of plants collected during Iter Mediterraneum I in the SE of Spain. Luque, T. & Z. Daz Lifante.Bocconea1: 303-364(1991).
CCDB · iber-fl — Nmeros cromosomticos de plantas occidentales, 727-733. Garca Martnez, X.R.Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid55: 135(1997).
CCDB · fl-europaea — Guinochet i Foissac,
CCDB · mediterranean
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Hellwig, F., C. Oberprieler, R. Vogt & G. Wagenitz. 1994. Chromosome numbers of north African phanerograms. III. Some counts in Centaurea (Compositae, Cardueae). Willdenowia 24: 249–254.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Tonian, T. R. 1980. Relation between chromosome number and some morphological features of Centaureinae Less representatives. Rev. Biol. 33 (5): 552–554.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Valdes-Bermejo, E. 1980. Numeros cromosomaticos de plantas occidentales. 1-34. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 36: 373–389.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Gallego, M. J. & A. Aparicio. 1990. Números cromosómicos para la flora Española. 603--617. Lagascalia 15: 288–295.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Fiorini, G. & M. Raffaelli. 1996. Mediterranean chromosome number reports 6 (705--715). Fl. Medit. 6: 278–288.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Luque, T. & Z. D. Lifante. 1991. Chromosome numbers of plants collected during Iter Mediterraneum I in the SE of Spain. Bocconea 1: 303–364.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Hellwig, F. H. 1994. Chromosomenzahlen aus der Tribus Cardueae (Compositae). Willdenowia 24: 219–248.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — García Martinez, X. R. 1997. Números cromosomáticos de plantas occidentales, 727--733. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 55(1): 135–136.
CCDB · book-ipcn66 — Gadella et al. 1966
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — TONJAN, Z.R. 1968. The chromosome numbers of some species of the genus Centaurea. (In Russian) Biol. Zurn. Arm. S.S.R. 21: 86-96.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — FERNANDES, A., & M. QUEIROS. 1971. Contribution a la connaissance cytotaxinomique des Spermatophyta du Portugal. II Compositae Bol. soc. Brot. 45 (ser. 2l: 5-122.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — VALDES, B. 1973. Numeros cromosomicos de algunas plantas espanolas. Lagascalia 3: 211-217.
CCDB · Cave1962 — Guinochet & F. 1962
2n 445×CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · Cave1962
CCDB · ita-fl — BARTOLO G., BRULLO S., MAJORANA G., PAVONE P. - 1977. Numeri cromosomici per la flora italiana:315-328.. Inform. Bot. Ital. , 9(1): 71-87.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Damboldt, J. & U. MATTHAS. 1975. Chromosome numbers of some Mediterranean and C. European Centaurea species (Asteraceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 123: 107–115.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Damboldt, J. & U. MATTHAS. 1975. Chromosomenzahlen eininger mediterraner und mitteleuropaischer Centaurea-Arten (Asteraceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 123: 107–115.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Fernández, M. P., F. E. Narbona, M. d. Ortiz, S. Talavera & F. J. Salgueiro. 2001. Números cromosomáticos de plantas occidentales, 892--906. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 58(2): 344–345.
CCDB · Cave1962 — Guinochet & F. 1962
2n 203×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · fl-europaea · CCDB · Cave1962
CCDB · iber-fl — Sur les caryotipes de quelques espces du genre Centaurea L. et leur signification taxonomique. Guinochet, M. & J. Foissac.Rev. Cytol. Biol. Vg. Botaniste25(3/4): 373(1962).
CCDB · fl-europaea — Guinochet I% Foissac,
CCDB · Cave1962 — Guinochet & F. 1962
2n 362×CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · Cave1956supp
CCDB · ita-fl — CHIAPPINI M. - 1954. Ricerche sullo sviluppo embriologico di alcune specie del genere Centaurea L. (Asteraceae).. N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. , 61: 274-289.
CCDB · Cave1956supp — Chia.ppini 1955
n 112×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · iber-fl — Estudios citogenticos en especies espaolas del gnero Centaurea. Granada. Fernndez Morales, M. J.*(1974).
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Talavera, S., J. A. Devesa & E. F. Galiano. 1984. Notas cariosistemáticas sobre plantas norteafricanas. I. Compositae. Candollea 39: 271–280.
n 182×CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · Cave1956supp
CCDB · ita-fl — CHIAPPINI M. - 1954. Ricerche sullo sviluppo embriologico di alcune specie del genere Centaurea L. (Asteraceae).. N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. , 61: 274-289.
CCDB · Cave1956supp — Chia.ppini 1955
n 221×CCDB · Cave1962
CCDB · Cave1962 — Guinochet & F. 1962
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
PloiDB · genus-scale — chromEvol; reliability=0.996 ↗
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type849 records
Wild obs. + sensor714
Museum / vouchered135
Origin
Native19
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO1 980 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy77% within 1 km
≤100 m 326≤1 km 57≤10 km 99>10 km 15
497 georeferenced · 217 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor714
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy71% within 1 km
≤100 m 9≤1 km 25≤10 km 12>10 km 2
48 georeferenced · 87 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence135
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions19 of 32 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| MAlocation not on record | 18 |
| BClocation not on record | 18 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 14 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 9 |
| Córdoba, ES | 8 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 6 |
| Barcelona, ES | 5 |
| Wlocation not on record | 5 |
| Vitoria, ES | 5 |
| Granada, ES | 4 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 4 |
| València, ES | 4 |
| Paris, FR | 3 |
| Badajoz, ES | 3 |
| Sevilla, ES | 2 |
| Saint Louis, US | 2 |
| Salamanca, ES | 2 |
| Alicante, ES | 2 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 2 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 2 |
| Görlitz, DE | 1 |
| Santiago de Compostela, ES | 1 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| Madrid, ES | 1 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 1 |
| EEZA-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Jaén, ES | 1 |
32 institutions · 130 of 135 vouchered records shown · 4 without an institution code