Centaurea nigra
speciesAt a glance
Occurrence records286 613
Data sources13
Biological traits52
DNA specimens41
eDNA detections23
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Centaurea nigra's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility286 613 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI23 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics41 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗On this page7 sections
Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
NarrativeWikipediaarticle
Traits & measurements5 literature sources52 traits
Chemical compositionLOTUS · NPASS24 compounds
Occurrence & distributionGBIF286 613 records
Environmental DNA1 datasets · 4 countries23 detections
DNA & barcodingBOLD41 specimens
Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT2 Gbp
01Narrative
La Centaurée noire est une espèce de plante à fleurs de la famille des Asteraceae. Ce sont des plantes herbacées vivaces.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
02Traits & measurements
SourcesGIFTAusTraitsLEDATRYWCVP
Size & morphology17
Fruit length3 mm
Leaf length55 mm
Leaf length max200 mm
Leaf mass90.47 mg
Leaf size3 162 mm²
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 3 162 mm² · LEDA: 2 557 mm² · GIFT: 3 440 mm²
Leaf width7.5 mm
⚠ sources differ — AusTraits: 7.5 mm · GIFT: 25 mm
Leaf width max25 mm
Leaf width min25 mm
Plant height0.472 m
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 0.472 m · AusTraits: 1 m · LEDA: 0.425 m · TRY: 0.58 m
Plant height generative0.481 m
Plant height max1.2 m
Seed length3.29 mm
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 3.29 mm · GIFT: 3.1 mm
Seed length max3.1 mm
Seed length min3.1 mm
Seed mass2.45 mg
Seed mass max2.55 mg
Seed mass min2.16 mg
Life cycle & reproduction11
Deciduousnessaestival
⚠ sources differ — TRY: aestival · GIFT: evergreen
Dispersal typeanimal
⚠ sources differ — LEDA: dysochor · GIFT: anemochorous
Flowering timeyyyyynnnnnny
Life formperennial
Life spanperennial
⚠ sources differ — TRY: perennial · AusTraits: annual biennial · LEDA: perennials · GIFT: perennial
Pollination modebiotic
Pollination syndromeinsect
Raunkiær life formhemicryptophyte
Reproduction asexualabsent
Seed number1
Self fertilizationpresent
Diet & foraging1
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment13
Aquaticterrestrial
Climatetemperate
Climberself-supporting
Elevation max1 000 m
Elevation min900 m
Epiphyteterrestrial
Fruit typeachene
Growth formherb
Habitat GIFTLowland
Leaf compoundnesssimple
Leaf shapelanceolate oblanceolate oblong
Mycorrhiza typearbuscular
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry9
Leaf C:N ratio20.98 g/g
Leaf c462 mg/g
Leaf dry-matter content (LDMC)257 mg/g
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 257 mg/g · LEDA: 169 mg/g
Leaf n22.03 mg/g
Leaf p1.74 mg/g
Nitrogen fixingnon_nitrogen_fixer
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Seed longevity index0
Specific leaf area (SLA)21.44 mm²/mg
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 21.44 mm²/mg · LEDA: 25.35 mm²/mg · GIFT: 23.49 mm²/mg
Other traits1
Diaspore typefruit with appendage
03Chemical composition24 compounds
Compounds documented for Centaurea nigra across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans4
Ursane and Taraxastane triterpenoids4
Cinnamic acid amides4
Flavonols2
Oleanane triterpenoids1
Documented compounds24 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (-)-Arctigenin | present | LOTUS | |
| (-)-Arctiin | present | LOTUS | |
| (-)-Matairesinol | present | LOTUS | |
| (3S,4aR,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,12S,12aS,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-heptamethyl-11-methylidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-3-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (4aR,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aS,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| Alpha-Amyrin | present | LOTUS | |
| beta-Amyrin | present | LOTUS | |
| beta-Sitosterol | present | LOTUS | |
| Campesterol | present | LOTUS | |
| Centaurein | present | LOTUS |
05DNA & barcoding41 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Centaurea nigra has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens41
Marker genes6
eDNA detections23
Countries6
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK★rbcL★rbcLa★ITS★ITS1★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT
The complete instruction manual Centaurea nigra carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size2 034 240 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Centaurea nigra2.03 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 22 n = 11
Ploidydiploid inferred
Chromosome records22–442n range23median22mode94records
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 2247×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · iapt +14
GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew
CCDB · slov-fl — Májovský J. et al., 1970a: Index of chromosome numbers of Slovakian flora (Part 1). - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. 16: 1-26.
CCDB · slov-fl — Uhríková A. & Májovský J., 1978: [Report], pp. 378-379. - In: Löve Á. (ed.), IOPB Chromosome Number Reports LXI, Taxon 27 /4.
CCDB · slov-fl — Koutecký P., 2007a: Morphological and Ploidy Level Variation of Centaurea phrygia agg. (Asteraceae) in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Ukraine. - Folia Geobotanica 42/1: 77-102.
CCDB · iapt
CCDB · brit-fl — Elkington, T.T., Middlefell, L.C. Watsonia 9: 109-116 (1972)
CCDB · iber-fl — Contribution la connaissance cytotaxinomique des spermatophyta du Portugal. II. Compositae Fernandes, A. & M. Queirs.Bol. Soc. Brot. ser. 245: 5-121(1971).
CCDB · iber-fl — Recherches biosystmatiques sur la Section Jacea Cass. et quelques Sections voisines du genre Centaure L... Gardou, C.Feddes Repert.83: 311-472(1972).
CCDB · fl-europaea — Gardou, 1972
CCDB · fl-europaea — Guinochet, 1957
CCDB · fl-europaea — Fernandes & Queiros,
CCDB · fl-europaea — Favarger & Huynh,
CCDB · fl-europaea — Majovsky et al.,
CCDB · book-ipcn65 — Favarger 1965a
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Dobea, C., B. Hahn & W. Morawetz. 1997. Chromosomenzahlen zur Gefässpflanzen-Flora Österreichs. Linzer Biol. Beitr. 29(1): 5–43.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kuzmanov, B. & S. Georgieva. 1977. In IOPB chromosome number reports LVII. Taxon 26: 443–452.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Lippert. 2006. Chromosomenzahlen von Pflanzen aus Bayern und anderen Gebieten. Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 76: 85–110.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Pulkina, S. V. 1988. Chromosome numbers in some species of the Asteraceae. Bot. Žhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 73: 607–608.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Semerenko, L. V. 1989. Chromosome numbers in some members of the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Orchidaceae and Poaceae from the Berezinsky Biosphere Reservation (Byelorussia) flora. Bot. Žhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 74: 1671–1673.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Tonian, T. R. 1980. Relation between chromosome number and some morphological features of Centaureinae Less representatives. Rev. Biol. 33 (5): 552–554.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Buttler, K. P. 1984. Chromosomenzahlen von Gefässpflanzen aus Hessen (und dem angrenzenden Bayern), 2. Folge. Hess. Florist. Briefe 33: 46–48.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Buttler, K. P. 1985. Chromosomenzahlen von Gefässpflanzen aus Hessen (und angrenzenden Ländern), 3. Folge. Hess. Florist. Briefe 34: 37–42.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Albers, F. & W. Pröbsting. 1998. In R. Wisskirchen & H. Haeupler, Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Bundesamt für Naturschutz & Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Sharkova, S. T. 1996. Mediterranean chromosome number reports 6 (767--772). Fl. Medit. 6: 328–333.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Bancheva, S. T. 1998. Mediterranean chromosome number reports 8 (970--976). Fl. Medit. 8: 273–280.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Vanderhoeven, S., O. Hardy, X. Vekemans, C. Lefèbvre, M. d. Loose, J. Lambinon & P. Meerts. 2002. A morphometric study of populations of the Centaurea jacea complex (Asteraceae) in Belgium. Pl. Biol. (Stuttgart) 4: 403–412.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Cuniţă, A., N. Constantin, G. Negrean & V. Stoian. 2000. Cytogenetic studies on some rare and endemic species in the Romanian flora. Rev. Roumaine Biol., Sér. Biol. Vég. 45(1): 45–52.
CCDB · book-ipcn72 — GARDOU, c. 1972. Recherches biosystematiques sur la Section Jacea Cass. et quelques sections voisines du genre Centaurea L. en France et dans les regions limitrophes. Feddes Repert. 83: 311-472.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — FERNANDES, A., & M. QUEIROS. 1971. Contribution a la connaissance cytotaxinomique des Spermatophyta du Portugal. II Compositae Bol. soc. Brot. 45 (ser. 2l: 5-122.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — TONJAN, Z.R. 1968. The chromosome numbers of some species of the genus Centaurea. (In Russian) Biol. Zurn. Arm. S.S.R. 21: 86-96.
CCDB · book-northern-plants — Poddubnaja-Arnoldi 1931.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — ELKINGTON, T.T., L.C. MIDDLEFELL. 1972. Population variation withi Centaurea nigra L. in the Sheffield region. Watsonia 9: 109-116.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — POWELL, A.M., D.W. KYHOS, & P.H. RAVEN. 1974. Chromosome numbers in Compositae. X. Amer. J. Bot. 61: 909-913.
CCDB · eflora
CCDB · kew — Bancheva S, Greilhuber J. 2006. Genome size in Bulgarian Centaurea s.l. (Asteraceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 257: 95-117.
CCDB · Cave1956 — Guinoohet a
CCDB · Cave1962 — Guinochet & F. 1962
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Fernandes, A. & Queirós, M. (1971a). Contribution à la connaissance cytotaxinomique des spermatophyta du Portugal. II. Compositae. Bol. Soc. Brot. 45: 5-122.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Gardou, C. (1972b). Recherches biosystématiques sur la Section Jacea Cass. et quelques Sections voisines du genre Centaurea L. en France et dans les régions limitrophes. Feddes Repert. 83: 311-472.
2n 4443×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · slov-fl +8
GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew
CCDB · ita-fl — GADELLA T.W.J., KLIPHUIS E. - 1970. Cytotaxonomic investigations in some Angiosperms collected in the valley of Aosta and in the National Park Gran Paradiso.. Caryologia , 23(3): 363-379.
CCDB · slov-fl — Májovský J. et al., 1974b: Index of chromosome numbers of Slovakian flora Part 4. - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. 23: 1-23.
CCDB · slov-fl — Koutecký P., 2007a: Morphological and Ploidy Level Variation of Centaurea phrygia agg. (Asteraceae) in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Ukraine. - Folia Geobotanica 42/1: 77-102.
CCDB · brit-fl — Wentworth, J.E., Bailey, J.P., Gornall, R.J. Watsonia 18: 415-418 (1991)
CCDB · brit-fl — Roy, B. J. Genet. 35: 89-95 (1937)
CCDB · brit-fl — Montgomery, L., Khalaf, M.K., Bailey, J.P., Gornall, R.J. Watsonia 21: 365-368 (1997)
CCDB · brit-fl — Elkington, T.T., Middlefell, L.C. Watsonia 9: 109-116 (1972)
CCDB · brit-fl — Morton, J.K. Watsonia 11: 211-223 (1977)
CCDB · fl-europaea — Gardou, 1972
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kapoor, B. M. & S. Ramcharitar. 1982. In IOPB chromosome number reports LXXVI. Taxon 31: 596–597.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kapoor, B. M., S. Ramcharitar & C. Gervais. 1987. Liste annotée de nombres chromosomiques de la flore vasculaire du nord-est de l'Amérique. Naturaliste Canad. 114: 105–116.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Wentworth, J. E., J. P. Bailey & R. J. Gornall. 1991. Contributions to a cytological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 1. Watsonia 18: 415–417.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Montgomery, L., M. Khalaf, J. P. Bailey & K. J. Gornal. 1997. Contributions to a cytological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 5. Watsonia 21: 365–368.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Albers, F. & W. Pröbsting. 1998. In R. Wisskirchen & H. Haeupler, Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Bundesamt für Naturschutz & Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Morton, J. K. 1981. Chromosome numbers in Compositae from Canada and the U.S.A. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 82: 357–368.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — GERVAIS, C. 1979a. Liste annotee de nombres chromosomiques de la flore vasculaire du nord-est de l'Amerique. Naturaliste Canad. 106: 451–461.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Lovric, A. Z. 1982a. In IOPB chromosome number reports LXXVII. Taxon 31: 774–775.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kuzmanov, B., D. Ninova & S. Georgieva. 1981c. In Chromomsome number reports LXXII. Taxon 30:702.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kuzmanov, B., D. Ninova & S. Georgieva. 1979. In IOPB chromosome number reports LXIV. Taxon 28:408.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kuzmanov, B. A., S. B. Georgieva & V. A. Nikolova. 1986. Chromosome numbers of Bulgarian flowering plants. I. Fam. Asteraceae. Fitologija 31: 71–74.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Sharkova, S. T. 1996. Mediterranean chromosome number reports 6 (767--772). Fl. Medit. 6: 328–333.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Bancheva, S. & J. Greilhuber. 2006. Genome size in Bulgarian Centaurea s.l. (Asteraceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 257: 95–117.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — GADELLA, TH. W.J., & E. KLIPHUIS. 1970. Cytotaxonomic investigations in some angiosperms collected in the Valley of Aosta and in the National Park "Gran Paradiso". Carylogia 23: 363-379.
CCDB · book-northern-plants — Roy 1937.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — ELKINGTON, T.T., L.C. MIDDLEFELL. 1972. Population variation withi Centaurea nigra L. in the Sheffield region. Watsonia 9: 109-116.
CCDB · kew — Bancheva S, Greilhuber J. 2006. Genome size in Bulgarian Centaurea s.l. (Asteraceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 257: 95-117.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Kapoor, B. M. & Ramcharitar, S. (1982). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports LXXVII]. Taxon 31(3): 596-597.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Kapoor, B. M., Ramcharitar, S. & Gervais, C. (1987). Liste annotée de nombres chromosomiques de la flore vasculare du Nord-Est de l'Amérique. V. Naturaliste Canad. 114: 105-116.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Montgomery, L., M. Khalaf, J. P. Bailey & K. J. Gornal (1997). Contributions to a cytological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 5. Watsonia 21: 365-368.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Wentworth, J. E., J. P. Bailey & R. J. Gornall. (1991). Contributions to a cytological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 1. Watsonia 18: 415-417.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Lovric, A. Z. (1982a). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports LXXVII]. Taxon 31(4): 774-775.
2n 243×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71
GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Tonian, T. R. 1980. Relation between chromosome number and some morphological features of Centaureinae Less representatives. Rev. Biol. 33 (5): 552–554.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — TONJAN, Z.R. 1968. The chromosome numbers of some species of the genus Centaurea. (In Russian) Biol. Zurn. Arm. S.S.R. 21: 86-96.
2n 331×CCDB · slov-fl
CCDB · slov-fl — Koutecký P., 2007a: Morphological and Ploidy Level Variation of Centaurea phrygia agg. (Asteraceae) in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Ukraine. - Folia Geobotanica 42/1: 77-102.
2n 361×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Gregor, T. & R. Hand. 2008. Chromosomenzahlen von Farn- und Samenpflanzen aus Deutschland 3. Kochia 3: 55–60.
n 112×CCDB · book-ipcn72 · CCDB · iapt
CCDB · book-ipcn72 — GARDOU, c. 1972. Recherches biosystematiques sur la Section Jacea Cass. et quelques sections voisines du genre Centaurea L. en France et dans les regions limitrophes. Feddes Repert. 83: 311-472.
CCDB · iapt — IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 26
n 222×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kapoor, B. M., S. Ramcharitar & C. Gervais. 1987. Liste annotée de nombres chromosomiques de la flore vasculaire du nord-est de l'Amérique. Naturaliste Canad. 114: 105–116.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Kapoor, B. M., Ramcharitar, S. & Gervais, C. (1987). Liste annotée de nombres chromosomiques de la flore vasculare du Nord-Est de l'Amérique. V. Naturaliste Canad. 114: 105-116.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
PloiDB · genus-scale — chromEvol; reliability=0.944 ↗
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type286 613 records
Wild obs. + sensor283 708
Museum / vouchered2 826
Cultivated / captive24
Other55
Origin
Native47 582
Introduced436
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO210 884 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy55% within 1 km
≤100 m 71 976≤1 km 79 666≤10 km 124 281>10 km 524
276 447 georeferenced · 7 261 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor283 708
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy59% within 1 km
≤100 m 225≤1 km 765≤10 km 524>10 km 153
1 667 georeferenced · 1 159 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence2 826
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 1>10 km 2
3 georeferenced · 21 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living24
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions102 of 163 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Olocation not on record | 323 |
| South Kensington, GB | 259 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 207 |
| Bergen, NO | 205 |
| LDlocation not on record | 165 |
| Québec, CA | 106 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 70 |
| Acadia Universitylocation not on record | 70 |
| Trondheim, NO | 63 |
| Philadelphia, US | 49 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 48 |
| Barcelona, ES | 45 |
| Uppsala, SE | 41 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 39 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 37 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 35 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 31 |
| Bronx, US | 31 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 30 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 28 |
| Saint John, CA | 27 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 24 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 22 |
| MAlocation not on record | 21 |
| BClocation not on record | 20 |
| Allentown, US | 18 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 17 |
| Görlitz, DE | 17 |
| València, ES | 16 |
| Auckland, NZ | 16 |
| UGentlocation not on record | 15 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 15 |
| Salamanca, ES | 14 |
| Oulu, FI | 14 |
| Montréal, CA | 14 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 12 |
| Helsinki, FI | 12 |
| Madrid, ES | 11 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 10 |
| New Haven, US | 10 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 10 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 10 |
| Staten Island, US | 10 |
| Dresden, DE | 10 |
| Vancouver, CA | 10 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 10 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 8 |
| Toronto, CA | 8 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 8 |
| Missoula, US | 8 |
| Kew, GB | 7 |
| Vitoria, ES | 7 |
| Corvallis, US | 7 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 7 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 6 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 6 |
| Pullman, US | 6 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 6 |
| PRClocation not on record | 6 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 6 |
| Kuopio, FI | 6 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 6 |
| Bloomington, US | 6 |
| Córdoba, ES | 5 |
| Zürich, CH | 5 |
| Monastir, TN | 5 |
| Victoria, CA | 5 |
| Burlington, US | 5 |
| Wellington, NZ | 5 |
| Alicante, ES | 5 |
| Millersville, US | 4 |
| Gijón, ES | 4 |
| Paris, FR | 4 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 4 |
| Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Sant Julià de Lòria, AD | 3 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Bozeman, US | 3 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 3 |
| Bourges, FR | 3 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 3 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 3 |
| Morgantown, US | 3 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 3 |
| Badajoz, ES | 3 |
| Portland, US | 3 |
| Trois-Rivières, CA | 3 |
| Porvoo, FI | 3 |
| *unvoucheredlocation not on record | 3 |
| Turku, FI | 2 |
| Berlin, DE | 2 |
| Canberra, AU | 2 |
| Stockholm, SE | 2 |
| Musée des Confluenceslocation not on record | 2 |
| Pamplona, ES | 2 |
| Flagstaff, US | 2 |
| Whitehorse, CA | 2 |
| Namur, BE | 2 |
| New Brunswick, US | 2 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 2 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Dekalb, US | 2 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 2 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 2 |
| Adelaide, AU | 2 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 2 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 2 |
| Granada, ES | 2 |
| Chicago, US | 2 |
| Bangkok, TH | 2 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 2 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fulda, DE | 1 |
| Durham, US | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 1 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
| Sevilla, ES | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record | 1 |
| IDElocation not on record | 1 |
| Parkville, AU | 1 |
| Davenport, US | 1 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 1 |
| Green Bay, US | 1 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mississippi State, US | 1 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| Tokushima, JP | 1 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| B.A. Bennett Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| OLAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Claremont, US | 1 |
| Riverside, US | 1 |
| Muséum Henri Lecoqlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mount Pleasant, US | 1 |
| Kingston, US | 1 |
| National Botanic Garden of Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| Research Collection of B. A. Bennettlocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Keene State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 1 |
| IPE-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| Banyoles, ES | 1 |
| Harrisonburg, US | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 1 |
| Mohonk Preservelocation not on record | 1 |
| Herbario Universidad de Concepciónlocation not on record | 1 |
| Göteborg, SE | 1 |
| College Park, US | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Oswego, US | 1 |
| Tacoma, US | 1 |
| Boise, US | 1 |
| Palmerston North, NZ | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Sendai, JP | 1 |
163 institutions · 2 573 of 2 826 vouchered records shown · 253 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA23 detections
Where the DNA of Centaurea nigra was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found23
Studies independent surveys1
Countries4
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 23 detections have coordinates
Open the map4 countries0
at edge of wood next to path
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median15.1 °C 12.7–17.7
Seasonal swing summer↔winter14.3 °C
Max temp (day)18.0 °C 15.7–22.2
Min temp (night)11.7 °C 8.80–14.8
Precipitation81.5 mm/mo 54.8–135
Air humidity61.9 % 60.5–63.3
Moisture balance-36.6 mm/mo -54.3–26.1
Vapour deficit647 Pa 571–792
Wind speed4.10 m/s 3.10–4.90
Cloud cover46.6 % 39.5–53.8
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 15 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.