Cenchrus biflorus
Roxb. · speciesAt a glance
Sources11 archives
Databases and archives Cenchrus biflorus's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility6 235 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI8 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics10 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotypeEvery layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Cenchrus biflorus is a species of annual grass in the family Poaceae. Common names include Indian sandbur, Bhurat or Bhurut in India, Haskaneet in Sudan, Aneeti in the Arabic dialect of Mauritania, K 'arangiya in the Hausa language of Nigeria, and Ngibbi in the Kanuri language of Nigeria."Famine foods: Poaceae or Gramineae" Purdue University Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture [1] . Accessed December 29, 2007. In the francophone countries of the Sahel, it is usually referred to as "cram-cram" .
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology6
Life cycle & reproduction7
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment10
Physiology & chemistry5
Compounds documented for Cenchrus biflorus across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Documented compounds10 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CARBOHYDRATES | 779,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| FIBER | 339,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| PROTEIN | 197,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| ASH | 116,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| WATER | 98,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| FAT | 94,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Cenchrus biflorus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Cenchrus biflorus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 344×CCDB · iapt · CCDB · book-indian_vol2 · CCDB · book-fedorov
2n 302×CCDB · book-indian_vol2 · CCDB · Cave1962
2n 141×CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
2n 361×CCDB · book-indian_vol2
n 174×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 +1
n 152×CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78
n 182×CCDB · book-ipcn72 · CCDB · iapt
n 241×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type6 235 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions24 of 61 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| QAUlocation not on record | 96 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 48 |
| Kew, GB | 35 |
| Palmerston, AU | 29 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 27 |
| Xiamen, CN | 27 |
| Kensington, AU | 25 |
| Saint Louis, US | 22 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique / Institut de l'environnement et de recherches agricoleslocation not on record | 20 |
| Baroda, IN | 18 |
| Paris, FR | 18 |
| Canberra, AU | 17 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 16 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 15 |
| Brisbane, AU | 14 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 12 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 11 |
| KMCClocation not on record | 10 |
| Forest Herbarium Ibadan (FHI)location not on record | 9 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 8 |
| EFGlocation not on record | 7 |
| Government College University Lahore, Dr. Sultan Ahmad Herbariumlocation not on record | 5 |
| MAlocation not on record | 5 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 4 |
| Université du Lomélocation not on record | 4 |
| South Kensington, GB | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 3 |
| Bronx, US | 3 |
| Flagstaff, US | 2 |
| LBVlocation not on record | 2 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 2 |
| BRLUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Plocation not on record | 2 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Gujarat Biodiversity Gene Banklocation not on record | 2 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 1 |
| Davis, US | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pullman, US | 1 |
| Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record | 1 |
| LISClocation not on record | 1 |
| Hazara Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| WAGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 1 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| M-VascularPlantslocation not on record | 1 |
| Olocation not on record | 1 |
| Adelaide, AU | 1 |
| LSFlocation not on record | 1 |
| IPHAMETRAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 1 |
| Centre National des Semences Forestièreslocation not on record | 1 |
| San Diego Natural History Museum, Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Claremont, US | 1 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| Centre National de Floristique - Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNYlocation not on record | 1 |
| GBR016location not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Cenchrus biflorus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.