Cassia fistula
speciesAt a glance
Sources15 archives
Databases and archives Cassia fistula's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility26 822 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System5 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI25 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics32 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Cassia fistula, aussi appelé cassier, casse, casse fistuleuse, faux séné, faux caroubier, douche d'or, averse dorée, arbre de pluie dorée, canéficier, canéfier[réf. à confirmer] ou encore cytise indien est une espèce de plantes à fleurs de la famille Fabaceae. C'est un arbre originaire d'Asie du Sud, du sud du Pakistan en passant par l'est de l'Inde jusqu'en Birmanie et au sud du Sri Lanka.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology16
Life cycle & reproduction7
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment14
Physiology & chemistry9
Compounds documented for Cassia fistula across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds152 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (-)-Epiafzelechin | present | LOTUS | |
| (-)-Epiafzelechin-(4beta-8)-(-)-epicatechin | present | LOTUS | |
| (-)-Epicatechin-4beta-benzylthioether | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R)-10-[(1S,2R)-2-hexylcyclopropyl]-2-hydroxydecanoic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (2R,3R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R)-6-[(2S,4R)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R)-6-[(2S,4S)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R)-8-[(2S,4R)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R)-8-[(2S,4S)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R,4S)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-8-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Cassia fistula has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Cassia fistula carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 2813×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 +4
2n 241×CCDB · book-indian_vol1
2n 261×CCDB · book-indian_vol1
n 1413×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn72 · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +2
n -141×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
n 121×CCDB · Cave1962
n 131×CCDB · book-ipcn66
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The solid bar is the fossil range: the span between the oldest and the youngest fossil that palaeontologists have assigned to Cassia fistula. Above itBeside it, each dot is one dated fossil find — few enough to count, so they are drawn individually rather than as a graph.
How it livedPBDB
Record type26 828 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions108 of 209 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Paris, FR | 93 |
| Durango, MX | 68 |
| Bronx, US | 61 |
| Saint Louis, US | 49 |
| Mexico City, MX | 28 |
| Brisbane, AU | 27 |
| QAUlocation not on record | 18 |
| Mérida, MX | 17 |
| Miami, US | 16 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 16 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 14 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 14 |
| Beijing, CN | 13 |
| Kunming, CN | 13 |
| Smithfield, AU | 12 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 11 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 11 |
| Baroda, IN | 11 |
| Kew, GB | 11 |
| Tampa, US | 10 |
| UFRRJlocation not on record | 9 |
| Canberra, AU | 9 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 9 |
| Palmerston, AU | 9 |
| Taipei, TW | 9 |
| South Kensington, GB | 9 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 8 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 8 |
| Chaguaramas, TT | 7 |
| Tapachula, MX | 7 |
| LDlocation not on record | 7 |
| Xiamen, CN | 6 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 6 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 6 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 6 |
| Maringá, BR | 6 |
| Durban, ZA | 6 |
| Chicago, US | 6 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 6 |
| Porto Alegre, BR | 5 |
| Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| Puerto Ayora, EC | 5 |
| Guilin, CN | 5 |
| Mérida, MX | 5 |
| CASlocation not on record | 5 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 5 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 5 |
| UNICAPlocation not on record | 5 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 4 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 4 |
| Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologialocation not on record | 4 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 4 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 4 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 4 |
| Stockholm, SE | 4 |
| Mexico City, MX | 4 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 4 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 4 |
| Masindi, UG | 4 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 4 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 4 |
| Philadelphia, US | 4 |
| Seropédica, BR | 4 |
| Blumenau, BR | 4 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 4 |
| James Cook Townsvillelocation not on record | 3 |
| Beijing, CN | 3 |
| Cuiabá, BR | 3 |
| Universidade Federal do Maranhãolocation not on record | 3 |
| Riverside, US | 3 |
| Jardín Botánico de Cartagena "Guillermo Piñeres" (JBC)location not on record | 3 |
| *unvoucheredlocation not on record | 3 |
| UNIVILLElocation not on record | 3 |
| Nishihara, JP | 3 |
| Salvador, BR | 3 |
| Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 3 |
| Chapingo, MX | 3 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 3 |
| Montecillo, Texcoco, MX | 3 |
| Fort Worth, US | 3 |
| UNIVASFlocation not on record | 3 |
| UEMlocation not on record | 3 |
| Foz do Iguaçu, BR | 3 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| San Francisco de Campeche, MX | 3 |
| Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropicallocation not on record | 3 |
| GMBAlocation not on record | 3 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 3 |
| Armidale, AU | 2 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 2 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 2 |
| Mexico City, MX | 2 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 2 |
| León, NI | 2 |
| The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Barodalocation not on record | 2 |
| San José, CR | 2 |
| Odawara, JP | 2 |
| Tlalnepantla, MX | 2 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 2 |
| Taipei, TW | 2 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 2 |
| Zapopan, MX | 2 |
| Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortelocation not on record | 2 |
| Southwest Forestry Collegelocation not on record | 2 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 2 |
| National Herbarium & Botanic Gardens of Malawilocation not on record | 2 |
| Cambridge, US | 2 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Cambridge University Herbariumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Criciúma, BR | 2 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 2 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 2 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidade Federal do Ceara, Departamento de Biologialocation not on record | 2 |
| Cascavel, BR | 2 |
| Honolulu, US | 2 |
| Londrina, BR | 2 |
| HUENFlocation not on record | 2 |
| Shanghai, CN | 2 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 2 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 2 |
| Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)location not on record | 2 |
| Claremont, US | 2 |
| USP-IBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 2 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 2 |
| UFRPElocation not on record | 2 |
| Austin, US | 2 |
| Bloomington, US | 2 |
| UFERSAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Dehra Dun, IN | 2 |
| Kensington, AU | 2 |
| Berlin, DE | 2 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 2 |
| LNBG$location not on record | 2 |
| Ural Federal University "B. N. Yeltsin"location not on record | 2 |
| Adelaide, AU | 2 |
| Torreón, MX | 1 |
| Universidad de los Llanos (UniLlanos)location not on record | 1 |
| Toronto, CA | 1 |
| Centre for Medicinal Plants Research-Arya Vaidya Salalocation not on record | 1 |
| IAPlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESP-ISlocation not on record | 1 |
| CPATSAlocation not on record | 1 |
| H. Balslevlocation not on record | 1 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Yangling, CN | 1 |
| Universidade Federal do Vale do São Franciscolocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 1 |
| Gump Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Dekalb, US | 1 |
| UTFPR-DVlocation not on record | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 1 |
| Bjørnland & Schumacherlocation not on record | 1 |
| BAYLUlocation not on record | 1 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 1 |
| SNJB's KKHA Arts, SMGL Commerce & SPHJ Science College Chandwad, Dist. Nashik, Maharashtra, India. 423101.location not on record | 1 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 1 |
| Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chilelocation not on record | 1 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeirolocation not on record | 1 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 1 |
| Gujarat Biodiversity Gene Banklocation not on record | 1 |
| UFPIlocation not on record | 1 |
| Loja, EC | 1 |
| UFSCarlocation not on record | 1 |
| Department of Plant Resources, National Herbarium and Plant Laboratorieslocation not on record | 1 |
| Fortaleza, BR | 1 |
| UFABClocation not on record | 1 |
| Université du Lomélocation not on record | 1 |
| Vancouver, CA | 1 |
| Santa Teresa, BR | 1 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 1 |
| CMULlocation not on record | 1 |
| Jataí / Setor Industrial, BR | 1 |
| Alexandria Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| EL PASO, US | 1 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| Sucre, BO | 1 |
| HUAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 1 |
| Burlington, US | 1 |
| Xian, CN | 1 |
| Hazara Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chinese Academy of Forestrylocation not on record | 1 |
| Guatemala, GT | 1 |
| Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paranálocation not on record | 1 |
| Mazatlán, MX | 1 |
| INMAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Santarém, BR | 1 |
| Autlán de Navarro, MX | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 1 |
| Northridge, US | 1 |
| Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabascolocation not on record | 1 |
| Plocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal de Goiáslocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESP-FCAVlocation not on record | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| XALlocation not on record | 1 |
| Paleontological Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Cassia fistula was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.