A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Carex subfusca has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens10
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections8
Countries1
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK4★rbcLa★ITS6★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceGIFT
The complete instruction manualCarex subfusca carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size358 534 800 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Carex subfusca0.36 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 821×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
GIFT · GIFT (floras)
2n 861×GIFT · GIFT (floras)
GIFT · GIFT (floras)
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type2 039 records
Wild obs. + sensor33
Museum / vouchered2 000
Other6
Origin
Native185
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO4 812 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy94% within 1 km
≤100 m 13≤1 km 3>10 km 1
17 georeferenced · 16 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor33
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy70% within 1 km
≤100 m 141≤1 km 474≤10 km 249>10 km 12
876 georeferenced · 1 124 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence2 000
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions54 of 86 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Claremont, US
207
DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record
176
Flagstaff, US
154
Riverside, US
102
ASUlocation not on record
94
San Diego, US
90
Corvallis, US
72
Davis, US
69
Bronx, US
69
Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record
66
CASlocation not on record
63
WTUlocation not on record
60
Ann Arbor, US
55
Phoenix, US
50
Santa Barbara, US
48
Moscow, US
44
Arcata, US
42
Boise, US
24
Pullman, US
23
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
23
Albuquerque, US
15
Henderson, US
14
Angwin, US
14
Chicago, US
14
Ensenada, MX
13
Pocatello, US
13
Caldwell, US
13
BISHlocation not on record
12
Bend, US
11
San Luis Obispo, US
11
Logan, US
11
US
10
EL PASO, US
9
Santa Cruz, US
8
Provo, US
7
USFSlocation not on record
7
Mexico City, MX
6
San Angelo, US
6
Ashland, US
5
STNFlocation not on record
5
Portland, US
5
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
5
Northridge, US
4
Bloomington, US
4
Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record
4
Austin, US
4
Los Angeles, US
3
HJAEFlocation not on record
3
Arizona State University Biocollectionslocation not on record
3
Cheney, US
3
DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record
3
INFlocation not on record
3
Truckee, US
3
Guasave, MX
3
Auckland, NZ
2
Saint Louis, US
2
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
2
Orem, US
2
Fredericton Stock Culture Collectionlocation not on record
2
Wellington, NZ
2
Dover, US
2
Madison, US
2
VALElocation not on record
2
Delaware State University, Claude E. Phillips Herbariumlocation not on record
2
KNFYlocation not on record
2
Beijing, CN
2
San Jose, US
2
Denver, US
1
Bureau of Land Management, Medford District Officelocation not on record
1
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
1
Nantes Culture Collectionlocation not on record
1
JEPSlocation not on record
1
Clemson, US
1
Missoula, US
1
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
1
SEINetlocation not on record
1
Durango, US
1
Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record
1
Pomona Collegelocation not on record
1
San Diego Natural History Museum, Herbariumlocation not on record
1
University of Tennessee at Chattanoogalocation not on record
1
Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record
1
La Paz, MX
1
GAlocation not on record
1
Bangkok, TH
1
Montréal, CA
1
86 institutions · 1 830 of 2 000 vouchered records shown · 170 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA8 detections
Where the DNA of Carex subfusca was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found8
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 8 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
in bog, center of open meadow, in bog, cente…
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median17.5 °C 17.5–18.3
Seasonal swing summer↔winter18.7 °C
Max temp (day)25.1 °C 24.9–26.8
Min temp (night)10.5 °C 10.5–10.6
Precipitation8.40 mm/mo 4.40–10.6
Air humidity42.9 % 38.7–45.1
Moisture balance-168 mm/mo -182–-146
Vapour deficit1,146 Pa 1,100–1,294
Wind speed2.20 m/s 1.80–2.60
Cloud cover13.5 % 13.5–18.0
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 3 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 039 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI8 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics10 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
giftgenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗