A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Carex multicostata has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens11
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences3
eDNA detections9
Countries1
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK★rbcLa★ITS3★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT
The complete instruction manualCarex multicostata carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size351 102 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Carex multicostata0.35 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy79% within 1 km
≤100 m 40≤1 km 155≤10 km 50>10 km 2
247 georeferenced · 309 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence556
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions38 of 57 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Arcata, US
60
Davis, US
55
DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record
42
CASlocation not on record
33
Claremont, US
30
Riverside, US
28
Moscow, US
28
WTUlocation not on record
24
Bronx, US
20
Boise, US
19
Flagstaff, US
16
Ann Arbor, US
16
Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record
15
Angwin, US
13
Pocatello, US
12
Ashland, US
10
VALElocation not on record
9
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
7
San Luis Obispo, US
6
Provo, US
6
Pullman, US
5
Corvallis, US
5
Bureau of Land Management, Medford District Officelocation not on record
4
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
3
Logan, US
3
Santa Barbara, US
3
ASUlocation not on record
2
Henderson, US
2
Truckee, US
2
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
2
San Angelo, US
2
Northridge, US
2
Dover, US
2
Saint Louis, US
2
San Jose, US
1
Missoula, US
1
KNFSClocation not on record
1
Albuquerque, US
1
Fredericton Stock Culture Collectionlocation not on record
1
Guasave, MX
1
US
1
Minia, EG
1
Phoenix, US
1
University of Lethbridgelocation not on record
1
Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record
1
San Diego Natural History Museum, Herbariumlocation not on record
1
San Diego, US
1
EL PASO, US
1
Caldwell, US
1
Bozeman, US
1
University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record
1
KNFHClocation not on record
1
Bend, US
1
Delaware State University, Claude E. Phillips Herbariumlocation not on record
1
Madison, US
1
Bloomington, US
1
STNFlocation not on record
1
57 institutions · 511 of 556 vouchered records shown · 45 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA9 detections
Where the DNA of Carex multicostata was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found9
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 9 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median19.9 °C 17.9–22.7
Seasonal swing summer↔winter18.7 °C
Max temp (day)28.0 °C 25.5–29.8
Min temp (night)12.6 °C 10.9–15.0
Precipitation8.40 mm/mo 4.60–12.1
Air humidity45.6 % 40.0–50.6
Moisture balance-176 mm/mo -182–-148
Vapour deficit1,127 Pa 1,096–1,641
Wind speed3.50 m/s 2.00–3.60
Cloud cover17.4 % 14.3–20.5
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 3 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility556 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI9 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics11 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗