Cantharellus cibarius (Latin: cantharellus, "chanterelle"; cibarius, "culinary") is a species of golden chanterelle mushroom in the genus Cantharellus. It is also known as girolle (or girole). It grows in Europe from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean Basin, mainly in deciduous and coniferous forests. Due to its characteristic color and shape, it is easy to distinguish from mushrooms with potential toxicity that discourage human consumption. A commonly eaten and favored mushroom, the chanterelle is typically harvested from late summer to late fall in its European distribution. Chanterelles are used in many culinary dishes, and can be preserved by either drying or freezing. An oven should not be used when drying it because can result in the mushroom becoming bitter.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Compounds documented for Cantharellus cibarius across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
🍽 Used in cookingVegetables
Compound class profile5 classes
Aminoacids81
Glycerophospholipids57
Cinnamic acids and derivatives30
Unsaturated fatty acids27
Purine nucleos(t)ides26
Documented compounds5 631 total
Compound
Class
Amount
Source
Sucrose
1,600 mg/100 g
FooDB
Sugars
1,600 mg/100g
FooDB
D-Mannose
1,160 mg/100g
FooDB
Potassium
506 mg/100g
FooDB
Nitrogen
500 mg/100 g
FooDB
Vitamin D
212 IU
FooDB
Retinol
108 RE
FooDB
05DNA & barcoding45 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Cantharellus cibarius has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens45
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections632
Countries14
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P★ITS10★ITS1★ITS2
animal barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualCantharellus cibarius carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size≈61 641 182 bp assembly estimate
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
THIS GENOME Cantharellus cibarius0.06 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelScaffold
Completeness60.8% BUSCO
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type62 894 records
Wild obs. + sensor59 769
Museum / vouchered2 805
Cultivated / captive14
Other306
Origin
Native27
Introduced14
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO99 660 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy61% within 1 km
≤100 m 19 327≤1 km 12 509≤10 km 19 465>10 km 953
52 254 georeferenced · 7 515 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor59 769
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy70% within 1 km
≤100 m 487≤1 km 512≤10 km 325>10 km 98
1 422 georeferenced · 1 383 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence2 805
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 14
14 georeferenced
Open the mapnot free-living14
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions57 of 105 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Durango, MX
210
Bronx, US
189
Helsinki, FI
184
Olocation not on record
173
Joensuu, FI
170
Zapopan, MX
103
Chicago, US
98
Uppsala, SE
89
Mexico City, MX
77
TROMlocation not on record
60
BDBClocation not on record
57
WTUlocation not on record
53
Mexico City, MX
50
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
50
Ann Arbor, US
43
Philadelphia, US
41
San Sebastián, ES
40
National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record
40
Toronto, CA
37
Copenhagen, DK
36
Görlitz, DE
36
Mexico City, MX
33
Kuopio, FI
28
Tlalnepantla, MX
25
Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocagelocation not on record
24
Karlsruhe, DE
23
Vitoria, ES
23
Bando, JP
20
University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)location not on record
20
Kew, GB
19
18
Université de Montréal Biodiversity Centrelocation not on record
18
MeiseBGlocation not on record
18
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
17
MAlocation not on record
15
Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record
14
Osaka, JP
12
Ciudad de México, MX
12
Department of Plant Resources, National Herbarium and Plant Laboratorieslocation not on record
12
GJOlocation not on record
12
Chiba, JP
12
Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record
10
Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung: Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseumlocation not on record
10
Salzburg, AT
10
WU-MYClocation not on record
10
JA-CAGPDS-CAMlocation not on record
9
Warsaw, PL
9
Hobart, AU
9
Trondheim, NO
9
Salamanca, ES
9
Göteborg, SE
9
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record
9
Nagatoro-machi, Chichibu-gun, JP
8
Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Oaxacalocation not on record
8
Uniwersytet Łódzkilocation not on record
8
Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record
8
LDlocation not on record
8
Ixtacuixtla de Mariano Matamoros, MX
8
Acadia Universitylocation not on record
8
Staten Island, US
7
Tomioka, JP
7
Odawara, JP
7
Bardejov, SK
7
St. Paul, US
7
Oulu, FI
6
Jyväskylä, FI
6
KOMlocation not on record
6
National Mushroom Centre, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, Bhutanlocation not on record
6
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologialocation not on record
5
Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record
5
BRNUlocation not on record
5
Mérida, ES
5
KNAMlocation not on record
4
Brisbane, AU
4
Kensington, AU
4
National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record
4
Zürich, CH
4
Tartu, EE
3
nsnflocation not on record
3
CJBGlocation not on record
3
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
3
UNINE:NEUlocation not on record
3
TUR-Alocation not on record
3
UFPElocation not on record
2
TENN-Flocation not on record
2
Kathmandu, NP
2
Youngstown State Universitylocation not on record
2
Mlocation not on record
2
Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record
2
Yerevan State Universitylocation not on record
2
Córdoba, ES
2
Canberra, AU
2
Stockholm, SE
2
Guatemala City, GT
2
PRClocation not on record
1
Chapel Hill, US
1
Paris, FR
1
FLASlocation not on record
1
Masindi, UG
1
IPA/SPlocation not on record
1
Ciudad de México, MX
1
University of Oslo, Natural History Museumlocation not on record
1
Tromso University Museumlocation not on record
1
Tilburg, NL
1
Vancouver, CA
1
105 institutions · 2 520 of 2 805 vouchered records shown · 283 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA632 detections
Where the DNA of Cantharellus cibarius was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found632
Studies independent surveys4
Countries12
Verifiable raw sequence linked1
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 632 detections have coordinates
Open the map12 countries0
bjørkeskog
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median15.2 °C 0.5–17.6
Seasonal swing summer↔winter22.6 °C
Max temp (day)19.2 °C 2.20–25.1
Min temp (night)9.60 °C -1.40–13.9
Precipitation56.0 mm/mo 23.0–88.7
Air humidity59.8 % 51.0–69.8
Moisture balance-28.3 mm/mo -62.7–31.5
Vapour deficit700 Pa 193–949
Wind speed2.50 m/s 1.40–4.80
Cloud cover40.3 % 26.0–66.7
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 598 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation17 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility62 894 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI632 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics45 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
FooDBThe Metabolomics Innovation Centrecompounds↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
Catalogue of LifeCOLtaxonomy↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗