Buxus sempervirens
speciesAt a glance
Sources16 archives
Databases and archives Buxus sempervirens's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation12 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility156 013 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI24 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics30 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Buxus colchica (syn. B. hyrcana) is a species of Buxus native to Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey. It is threatened by habitat loss and defoliation by the caterpillars of an introduced moth species, Cydalima perspectalis. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree, very closely related to Buxus sempervirens, and commonly treated as a synonym of it.Med-Checklist: Buxus colchica Retrieved September 26, 2007.Botanica Sistematica: Buxus Retrieved September 26, 2007. It does not differ from B. sempervirens in any visible character.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology12
Life cycle & reproduction14
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment13
Physiology & chemistry10
Other traits2
Compounds documented for Buxus sempervirens across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds336 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Buxaminol C | present | LOTUS | |
| (+)-Homomoenjodaramine | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,2'S,3S,4'S,6'S,9'R)-6'-ethyl-2,2,9'-trimethyl-3-(methylamino)spiro[cyclopentane-1,14'-tetracyclo[8.5.0.02,4.04,9]pentadeca-1(15),10,12-triene]-7'-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,3R,4R,4aS,8S,8aR)-4-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-8-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4a,8-trimethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalene-1,4-diol | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,3R,6S,8R,12R,15E,16S)-15-ethylidene-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-6-(methylamino)pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadec-10-en-14-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,3R,6S,8R,12R,15Z,16S)-15-ethylidene-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-6-(methylamino)pentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadec-10-en-14-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,3S,4R,4aS,8S,8aS)-4-[2-(furan-3-yl)ethyl]-8-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4a,8-trimethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalene-1,4-diol | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,3S,6R,7S,8R,10S,11S,14R,15R,20S)-7-[(1S)-1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-6,10,15,19-tetramethyl-17-oxa-19-azahexacyclo[12.8.0.01,3.03,11.06,10.015,20]docosan-8-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,3S,6R,7S,8R,10S,11S,14R,15R,20S)-7-[(1S)-1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-6,10,15-trimethyl-17-oxa-19-azahexacyclo[12.8.0.01,3.03,11.06,10.015,20]docosan-8-ol | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Buxus sempervirens has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Buxus sempervirens carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 2826×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · slov-fl +13
2n 562×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · kew
2n 421×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The solid bar is the fossil range: the span between the oldest and the youngest fossil that palaeontologists have assigned to Buxus sempervirens. Above itBeside it, each dot is one dated fossil find — few enough to count, so they are drawn individually rather than as a graph.
How it livedPBDB
Record type156 016 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions111 of 179 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Paris, FR | 256 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 190 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 108 |
| MAlocation not on record | 83 |
| Bern, CH | 73 |
| València, ES | 71 |
| Barcelona, ES | 62 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 55 |
| LDlocation not on record | 54 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 52 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 50 |
| Vitoria, ES | 44 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 38 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 36 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 30 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 25 |
| Pamplona, ES | 19 |
| Baroda, IN | 18 |
| Görlitz, DE | 18 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 18 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 18 |
| BClocation not on record | 18 |
| Wlocation not on record | 17 |
| Auckland, NZ | 17 |
| Jaén, ES | 16 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 16 |
| Salzburg, AT | 16 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 16 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 16 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 15 |
| Philadelphia, US | 13 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 13 |
| Berlin, DE | 12 |
| Bangkok, TH | 12 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 12 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 11 |
| Badajoz, ES | 10 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 10 |
| South Kensington, GB | 10 |
| Olocation not on record | 9 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 9 |
| Pamplona, ES | 9 |
| Salamanca, ES | 9 |
| Granada, ES | 8 |
| Madrid, ES | 8 |
| Alicante, ES | 8 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 8 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 8 |
| Vancouver, CA | 7 |
| Museo della Bonifica di San Donà di Piavelocation not on record | 7 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 7 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 6 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 6 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 5 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 5 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 5 |
| College Park, US | 5 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 5 |
| Williamsburg, US | 5 |
| Namur, BE | 5 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 4 |
| Mlocation not on record | 4 |
| Emporia, US | 4 |
| Lord Fairfax Community Collegelocation not on record | 4 |
| Nanjing, CN | 4 |
| Columbia, US | 4 |
| Nanjing, CN | 4 |
| Bothell, US | 4 |
| PRClocation not on record | 4 |
| ISAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Riverside, US | 4 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 3 |
| Uniwersytet w Białymstokulocation not on record | 3 |
| Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record | 3 |
| Allentown, US | 3 |
| Kew, GB | 3 |
| Salvador, BR | 3 |
| Tampa, US | 3 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 3 |
| Saint Louis, US | 3 |
| OLAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Bourges, FR | 3 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 3 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 3 |
| EL PASO, US | 3 |
| Royal Botanical Gardenslocation not on record | 2 |
| Tartu, EE | 2 |
| Fort Worth, US | 2 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Canberra, AU | 2 |
| Trondheim, NO | 2 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 2 |
| Dehra Dun, IN | 2 |
| Washington, US | 2 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 2 |
| Ivano-Frankove, UA | 2 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 2 |
| St. Paul, US | 2 |
| Madrid, ES | 2 |
| Podgorica, ME | 2 |
| Lubbock, US | 2 |
| Chapingo, MX | 2 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 2 |
| Wellington, NZ | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Beijing, CN | 2 |
| Stockholm, SE | 2 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 2 |
| Sion, CH | 2 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 2 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Long Beach, US | 2 |
| DULlocation not on record | 2 |
| Armidale, AU | 2 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 2 |
| Macomb, US | 1 |
| Xining, CN | 1 |
| Córdoba, AR | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| Sevilla, ES | 1 |
| UFPRlocation not on record | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 1 |
| Knoxville, US | 1 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 1 |
| Shanghai, CN | 1 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 1 |
| Staten Island, US | 1 |
| Musée des Confluenceslocation not on record | 1 |
| Morgantown, US | 1 |
| Henry Brockhouse Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Henderson State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Tilburg, NL | 1 |
| Xian, CN | 1 |
| University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record | 1 |
| Northridge, US | 1 |
| Lincoln, US | 1 |
| UIBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 1 |
| Edmonton, CA | 1 |
| Dekalb, US | 1 |
| ESP003location not on record | 1 |
| GAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 1 |
| Córdoba, ES | 1 |
| Bergen, NO | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| Zürich, CH | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
| Banyoles, ES | 1 |
| IPE-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| Québec, CA | 1 |
| Bronx, US | 1 |
| Sanda, JP | 1 |
| Pullman, US | 1 |
| Hobart, AU | 1 |
| Fairfax, US | 1 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 1 |
| Johnson City, US | 1 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 1 |
| JBSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 1 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 1 |
| Claremont, US | 1 |
| Oulu, FI | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| UDESC-CAVlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 1 |
| Quito, EC | 1 |
| La Paz, BO | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| Wuhan, CN | 1 |
| Sede di Via Giorgio La Pira del Museo di Storia naturale di Firenze | Via Giorgio La Pira headquarter of the Natural History Museum in Florencelocation not on record | 1 |
| Hazara Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Buxus sempervirens was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.