Bunias orientalis
speciesAt a glance
Sources15 archives
Databases and archives Bunias orientalis's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation9 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility67 894 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI11 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics13 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Bunias orientalis, the Turkish wartycabbage, warty-cabbage, hill mustard, or Turkish rocket, is a edible wild plant species in the genus Bunias. It is classified as an invasive neophyte in most of Middle Europe and parts of North America.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology21
Life cycle & reproduction15
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment9
Physiology & chemistry5
Other traits2
Compounds documented for Bunias orientalis across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds19 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Erythrodiol | present | NPASS | |
| 1-O-Sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose | present | LOTUS | |
| Apigenin | present | NPASS | |
| Apiumetrin | present | NPASS | |
| Catechin 7-O-gallate | present | NPASS | |
| Guaijaverin | present | NPASS | |
| KXZAVYDASQTYIN-CTEMQYTLSA-N | present | NPASS | |
| LAKLWWBFTBDNNM-OLTBECRTSA-N | present | NPASS | |
| Loliolide | present | LOTUS | |
| Luteolin 7-diglucoside | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Bunias orientalis has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Bunias orientalis carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1440×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · iapt +11
2n 422×CCDB · brass · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
2n 281×CCDB · brass
n 74×CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 · CCDB · brass
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · family-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type67 894 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions63 of 126 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Helsinki, FI | 620 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 309 |
| LDlocation not on record | 308 |
| Olocation not on record | 217 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 200 |
| Uppsala, SE | 159 |
| Kuopio, FI | 156 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 123 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 94 |
| Oulu, FI | 85 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 81 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 80 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 74 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 62 |
| Zürich, CH | 61 |
| Görlitz, DE | 61 |
| Turku, FI | 59 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 57 |
| Tartu, EE | 57 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 54 |
| Trondheim, NO | 52 |
| Bergen, NO | 48 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 47 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 44 |
| UniKSlocation not on record | 41 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 36 |
| South Kensington, GB | 34 |
| Bern, CH | 32 |
| Mlocation not on record | 31 |
| Philadelphia, US | 31 |
| Wlocation not on record | 31 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 31 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 26 |
| Tallinn, EE | 26 |
| Zürich, CH | 23 |
| Salzburg, AT | 21 |
| Berlin, DE | 18 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 15 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 15 |
| Madison, US | 14 |
| PRClocation not on record | 12 |
| Tula State Universitylocation not on record | 11 |
| Québec, CA | 11 |
| Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record | 11 |
| Porvoo, FI | 10 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 9 |
| Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| Fulda, DE | 8 |
| The Tula Region State Institution of Culture "Tula Museum Association"location not on record | 8 |
| BClocation not on record | 8 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 7 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 6 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 6 |
| Forssa, FI | 6 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 6 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 6 |
| PrivatHerblocation not on record | 6 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 5 |
| Salamanca, ES | 5 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 5 |
| Brussel, BE | 5 |
| NMBU:MINAlocation not on record | 5 |
| Bronx, US | 5 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 5 |
| Vancouver, CA | 4 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 4 |
| Stockholm, SE | 4 |
| DAOlocation not on record | 3 |
| Namur, BE | 3 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 3 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 3 |
| Sion, CH | 3 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 3 |
| Montréal, CA | 3 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 3 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 3 |
| Taipei, TW | 3 |
| Austin, US | 3 |
| Dresden, DE | 3 |
| Bloomington, US | 3 |
| MAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Prioksko-Terrasnyi Biosphere Reservelocation not on record | 2 |
| Bangkok, TH | 2 |
| Victoria, CA | 2 |
| NBSIlocation not on record | 2 |
| Podgorica, ME | 2 |
| nbflocation not on record | 2 |
| München, DE | 2 |
| SWlocation not on record | 2 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 2 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 2 |
| València, ES | 2 |
| CJBNlocation not on record | 2 |
| Tilburg, NL | 2 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 2 |
| Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaftlocation not on record | 2 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 1 |
| Dekalb, US | 1 |
| Glarus, CH | 1 |
| Paris, FR | 1 |
| Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologialocation not on record | 1 |
| Institute for Biology of National Academy of Sci.location not on record | 1 |
| H-Lippertlocation not on record | 1 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Rovaniemi, FI | 1 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 1 |
| Kandalaksha State Nature Reservelocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| Göteborg, SE | 1 |
| Durham, US | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Opolskilocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 1 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 1 |
| H-Schuhwlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Provo, US | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
| Uberlândia, BR | 1 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 1 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 1 |
| Ural Federal University "B. N. Yeltsin"location not on record | 1 |
| Barcelona, ES | 1 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Bunias orientalis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.