Bombus
Latreille, 1802 · genusAt a glance
Sources7 archives
Databases and archives Bombus's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation18 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility210 340 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI1 495 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics1 665 specimens↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
miniatur|Felsen-Kuckuckshummel miniatur|Bärtige Kuckuckshummel miniatur|Keusche Kuckuckshummel Die Kuckuckshummeln (Psithyrus) sind eine Untergattung der Hummeln aus der Überfamilie der Bienen. Kuckuckshummeln sind Sozialparasiten der übrigen Hummeln (Bombus). Anders als sonstige Vertreter jener Gattung haben die Kuckuckshummeln keine besondere Beinbehaarung zum Sammeln von Pollen. Auch fehlt in den Völkern dieser Insekten die Gruppe der Arbeiterinnen: Ein Volk besteht ausschließlich aus Drohnen und Vollweibchen (die im Volk der Hummeln als Königinnen bezeichnet würden). Wegen ihrer parasitierenden Lebensweise werden diese Tiere nach dem Kuckuck benannt, der seine Jungen von fremden Elterntieren aufziehen lässt. In gleicher Weise lassen die Kuckuckshummeln die anderen Hummeln für sich arbeiten, also Nahrung beschaffen, und ihre Jungtiere großpflegen.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology4
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Bombus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The solid bar is the fossil range: the span between the oldest and the youngest fossil that palaeontologists have assigned to Bombus. Above itBeside it, each dot is one dated fossil find — few enough to count, so they are drawn individually rather than as a graph.
How it livedPBDB
Record type210 343 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions63 of 178 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Chicago, US | 5 359 |
| Washington, US | 4 891 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 4 419 |
| Helsinki, FI | 2 904 |
| Lexington, US | 1 682 |
| University of Central Floridalocation not on record | 1 304 |
| OSUClocation not on record | 1 282 |
| Philadelphia, US | 811 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 728 |
| DOI/FWS, Kenai National Wildlife Refugelocation not on record | 644 |
| Natural History Museum of Utahlocation not on record | 624 |
| Cambridge, US | 608 |
| Stockholm, SE | 516 |
| US | 487 |
| Provo, US | 425 |
| NHMOlocation not on record | 398 |
| Champaign, US | 361 |
| National Institute for Agro-Environmental Scienceslocation not on record | 349 |
| New Haven, US | 285 |
| Edmonton, CA | 259 |
| Montgomery, US | 238 |
| University of Guelph, Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record | 223 |
| Colorado State Universitylocation not on record | 216 |
| Tapachula, MX | 213 |
| Saint John, CA | 196 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 168 |
| US | 168 |
| Musee d'Histoire Naturallelocation not on record | 147 |
| WIlocation not on record | 146 |
| USP-IBlocation not on record | 126 |
| SGAV-and-NHMDlocation not on record | 117 |
| Tartu, EE | 102 |
| Awka, NG | 94 |
| Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record | 87 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 81 |
| Bonn, DE | 81 |
| University of Guelphlocation not on record | 78 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 77 |
| US | 75 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 75 |
| Oregon State Arthropod Collectionlocation not on record | 74 |
| Denver, US | 71 |
| neflocation not on record | 71 |
| Beltsville, US | 68 |
| South Kensington, GB | 67 |
| White River Junction, US | 66 |
| Universidad Católica de Manizaleslocation not on record | 63 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 59 |
| WSUClocation not on record | 59 |
| EBDAlocation not on record | 59 |
| Mexico City, MX | 53 |
| Blacksburg, US | 47 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 44 |
| UMONSlocation not on record | 43 |
| Albuquerque, US | 41 |
| BBSLlocation not on record | 41 |
| Tallinn, EE | 39 |
| UVM Zadock Thompson Zoological Collectionslocation not on record | 39 |
| St. Paul, US | 36 |
| Essig Museum of Entomologylocation not on record | 34 |
| Lubbock, US | 33 |
| Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciêncialocation not on record | 33 |
| Paris, FR | 31 |
| Metsähallituslocation not on record | 31 |
| University Park, US | 28 |
| Royal Saskatchewan Museumlocation not on record | 28 |
| University of Nevada, Renolocation not on record | 27 |
| Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collectionlocation not on record | 26 |
| Tromsø, NO | 25 |
| Royal Saskatchewan Museumlocation not on record | 25 |
| CBDClocation not on record | 24 |
| Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 24 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 23 |
| Bavarian State Collection of Zoologylocation not on record | 22 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 21 |
| Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collectionlocation not on record | 20 |
| FWSlocation not on record | 16 |
| York University, Packer Collectionlocation not on record | 15 |
| Trondheim, NO | 14 |
| Anchorage, US | 13 |
| EL PASO, US | 13 |
| Roberts Creek, CA | 12 |
| Universalmuseum Joanneum, Grazlocation not on record | 12 |
| NMOKlocation not on record | 12 |
| European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT)location not on record | 11 |
| El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad San Cristobal de Las Casaslocation not on record | 11 |
| Los Angeles, US | 11 |
| Toronto, CA | 9 |
| MWLRlocation not on record | 9 |
| Radicondoli, IT | 9 |
| Cleveland Museum of Natural History, OH (CLEV)location not on record | 9 |
| LULlocation not on record | 9 |
| Cornell University Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 9 |
| East Lansing, US | 8 |
| ZMAAlocation not on record | 8 |
| Research Collection of Paul H. Williamslocation not on record | 8 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 7 |
| Middlebury Collegelocation not on record | 7 |
| Mississippi State, US | 7 |
| New Zealand Arthropod Collectionlocation not on record | 7 |
| 7 | |
| Budapest, HU | 6 |
| Private Collection of Matthieu Aubertlocation not on record | 6 |
| Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Ecuadorlocation not on record | 6 |
| Chicago, US | 6 |
| Salzburg, AT | 6 |
| UFPRlocation not on record | 6 |
| Mexico City, MX | 5 |
| ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute, National Collection of Fungi: Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 5 |
| Kyushu Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| Denver, US | 5 |
| United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Stationlocation not on record | 5 |
| Zürich, CH | 5 |
| Caja de Compensación Familiar - Comfenalco Antioquialocation not on record | 5 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 5 |
| MZLUlocation not on record | 5 |
| Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koeniglocation not on record | 5 |
| Tasmanian Museum & Art Gallerylocation not on record | 5 |
| SOVTlocation not on record | 5 |
| San Francisco, US | 4 |
| San Diego, US | 4 |
| Vermont Center for Ecostudieslocation not on record | 4 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 4 |
| ENSAT - L'Ecole Nationale Superieure Agronomique de Toulouselocation not on record | 4 |
| Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillolocation not on record | 4 |
| COI, PWlocation not on record | 4 |
| Royal British Columbia Museumlocation not on record | 4 |
| München, DE | 4 |
| Private Collection of Christophe Philippelocation not on record | 3 |
| University of Florence, Department of Biologylocation not on record | 3 |
| Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldtlocation not on record | 3 |
| ZSMlocation not on record | 3 |
| Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Unite Abeilles et Environnement, Avignonlocation not on record | 3 |
| Private Collection of Martin Streinzerlocation not on record | 3 |
| Auckland, NZ | 3 |
| Toronto, CA | 3 |
| Coimbra, PT | 3 |
| Defence Institute of High Altitude Researchlocation not on record | 3 |
| Zadock Thompson Natural History Collection, University of Vermontlocation not on record | 3 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 3 |
| Wellcome Sanger Institutelocation not on record | 2 |
| Naturkundemuseum Erfurtlocation not on record | 2 |
| SUNY ESFlocation not on record | 2 |
| Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Scienceslocation not on record | 2 |
| Santa Barbara Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 2 |
| UGRlocation not on record | 2 |
| Royal Ontario Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| University of Alaska Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Natural History Museum, Londonlocation not on record | 2 |
| University of Milano Bicoccalocation not on record | 1 |
| Private Collection of Sabine Schoderlocation not on record | 1 |
| Naturhistorisches Museum Wienlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museums Victorialocation not on record | 1 |
| Vasyl Krychevsky Poltava Museum of Local Lorelocation not on record | 1 |
| UWMEDlocation not on record | 1 |
| Barcelona, ES | 1 |
| COI, DAlocation not on record | 1 |
| CUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Jurica-Suchy Nature Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wellington, NZ | 1 |
| College Station, US | 1 |
| University of Alaska Anchorage, Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad del Quindío (UniQuindío)location not on record | 1 |
| Private Collection of Miriam Ottllocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Natural Resources and Life Scienceslocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Minnesota Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Sciencelocation not on record | 1 |
| Natural History Museum of Neuchatellocation not on record | 1 |
| NTNU-VMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Denton, US | 1 |
| Arthropologia, Lyonlocation not on record | 1 |
| Sydney, AU | 1 |
| Australian National Fish Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Research Collection of Rifat Rainalocation not on record | 1 |
| UNHClocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Arizona, Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 1 |
| Universita degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Biotecnologie e Bioscienzelocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Bombus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.