Berberis darwinii, Darwin’s barberry, is a species of flowering plant in the family Berberidaceae,Chilebosque: Berberis darwinii [1] Retrieved Aug. 2008 native to southern Chile and Argentina and naturalized elsewhere. Vernacular names include michay, calafate, and quelung. Growing to 3-4 m tall, it is an evergreen thorny shrub.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
⚠ sources differ — AusTraits: 6.5 mm · GIFT: 22 mm
Fruit width6.5 mm
⚠ sources differ — AusTraits: 6.5 mm · GIFT: 6 mm
Leaf length15 mm
Leaf length max10 mm
Leaf width11.5 mm
Plant height2.5 m
⚠ sources differ — AusTraits: 2.5 m · TRY: 1 m
Plant height max4 m
Plant height min1 m
Seed mass10.8 mg
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 10.8 mg · GIFT: 11.74 mg
Seed mass max11.74 mg
Seed mass min11.74 mg
Life cycle & reproduction6
Deciduousnessevergreen
Dehiscenceindehiscent
Dispersal typeanimal
Life formshrub
Life spanperennial
Raunkiær life formphanerophyte
Diet & foraging1
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment12
Aquaticterrestrial
Climatetemperate
Climberself-supporting
Elevation max1 500 m
Elevation min0 m
Epiphyteterrestrial
Fruit typeberry
Growth formshrub
Leaf compoundnesssimple
Leaf shapeoblong obovate
Mycorrhiza type0.000966552
Woodinesswoody
Physiology & chemistry2
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Wood density642 mg/cm³
03Chemical composition23 compounds
Compounds documented for Berberis darwinii across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Berberis darwinii has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens2
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences4
eDNA detections2
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK1★rbcL1★ITS2★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT
The complete instruction manualBerberis darwinii carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size1 496 340 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Berberis darwinii1.5 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Bottini, M. C. J., E. J. Greizerstein & L. Poggio. 1997. Numeros cromosomicos y contenido de ADN de cuatro especies Patagonicas del genero Berberis (Berberidaceae). Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 32(3–4): 235–239.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Bottini, M. C. J., E. J. Greizerstein & L. Poggio. 1999. Ploidy levels and their relationship with the rainfall in several populations of Patagonian species of Berberis L. Caryologia 52: 75–80.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — LARSEN, K. 1970. In IOPB chromosome number reports XXVI. Taxon 19: 264-269:-
CCDB · book-fedorov — Tischler 1928, 1929h
CCDB · book-fedorov — Giffen 1936
CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
CCDB · kew — Bottini MCJ, Greizerstein EJ, Premoli AC, Poggio L. 1998. Genome size and meiotic behavior of Berberis L. species from Patagonia, Argentina. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 81: 125 and pers. comm.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy68% within 1 km
≤100 m 3 165≤1 km 1 205≤10 km 2 013>10 km 63
6 446 georeferenced · 878 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor7 324
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy62% within 1 km
≤100 m 11≤1 km 46≤10 km 23>10 km 12
92 georeferenced · 232 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence324
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy80% within 1 km
≤1 km 4≤10 km 1
5 georeferenced · 381 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living386
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions40 of 61 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Christchurch, NZ
61
ASUlocation not on record
33
Corvallis, US
17
Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record
16
Chicago, US
15
Auckland, NZ
14
Saint Louis, US
11
Hobart, AU
10
Vancouver, CA
9
San Isidro, AR
9
WTUlocation not on record
8
Edinburgh, GB
6
Canberra, AU
6
Mount Annan, AU
6
MAlocation not on record
6
Rotorua, NZ
6
Moscow, US
5
Wellington, NZ
5
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
5
San Francisco, US
4
IANIGLAlocation not on record
4
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
4
Valparaiso, CL
3
UChlocation not on record
3
MeiseBGlocation not on record
3
Kew, GB
3
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
3
San Luis Obispo, US
2
Castelar, AR
2
Stockholm, SE
2
Palmerston North, NZ
2
Nunoa, Santiago, CL
2
San Sebastián, ES
2
Bronx, US
2
La Trobe Universitylocation not on record
2
South Kensington, GB
2
Adelaide, AU
2
Portland, US
2
KMNlocation not on record
2
Arcata, US
2
Armidale, AU
2
CASlocation not on record
2
Universidad Nacional de La Patagonialocation not on record
1
The University of Arizonalocation not on record
1
Podgorica, ME
1
Riverside, US
1
Frankfurt am Main
1
Viña del Mar, CL
1
Pamplona, ES
1
CJBGlocation not on record
1
San Jose, US
1
DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record
1
Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record
1
Irvine, US
1
Córdoba, AR
1
Görlitz, DE
1
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
1
Wlocation not on record
1
Herbario Universidad de Concepciónlocation not on record
1
Smithfield, AU
1
Brisbane, AU
1
61 institutions · 324 of 324 vouchered records shown
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA2 detections
Where the DNA of Berberis darwinii was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found2
Studies independent surveys1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 2 detections have coordinates
Open the map0 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation8 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility8 035 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI2 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics2 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗