Atriplex hortensis
speciesAt a glance
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Atriplex hortensis's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation15 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility7 962 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI7 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics9 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Atriplex hortensis fruit and seeds Atriplex hortensis, known as garden orache, red orache or simply orache (; also spelled orach), mountain spinach, French spinach, or arrach, is a species of plant in the amaranth family used as a leaf vegetable that was common before spinach and still grown as a warm-weather alternative to that crop. (For many years, it was classified in the goosefoot family, but it has now been absorbed into the Amaranthaceae.) It is Eurasian, native to Asia and Europe, and widely naturalized in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand.Flora of China, 榆钱菠菜 yu qian bo cai Atriplex hortensis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1053. 1753.Altervista Flora Italiana, Atriplice degli orti, bledos moles, Gartenmelde, trädgårdsmålla, Atriplex hortensis L., includes photos and European distribution mapFlora of North America, Garden orach, Atriplex hortensis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1053. 1753.Biota of North America 2014 state-level distribution mapWilson, P. G. 1984. Chenopodiaceae. Flora of Australia 4: 81–330.Webb, C. J., W. R. Sykes & P. J. Garnock-Jones. 1988. Chenopodiaceae. Flora of New Zealand 515–534
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology15
Life cycle & reproduction15
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment14
Physiology & chemistry1
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Atriplex hortensis across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile2 classes
Documented compounds4 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2S,4Z)-4-(2-oxoethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-3-yl] hydrogen sulfate | present | LOTUS | |
| [5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-3-yl] hydrogen sulfate | present | LOTUS | |
| Betalamic acid | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Atriplex hortensis has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Atriplex hortensis carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1823×GoaT · Tree of Sex Database · GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · slov-fl +12
2n 361×CCDB · iapt
n 97×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 +3
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
How it livedPBDB
Record type7 962 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions98 of 161 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| LDlocation not on record | 163 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 123 |
| Helsinki, FI | 94 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 51 |
| Olocation not on record | 51 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 48 |
| Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record | 44 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 41 |
| Bern, CH | 33 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 31 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 28 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 26 |
| HUN003location not on record | 25 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 22 |
| Tartu, EE | 21 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 18 |
| Bronx, US | 16 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 16 |
| Turku, FI | 15 |
| Bozeman, US | 15 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 15 |
| Uppsala, SE | 14 |
| Vancouver, CA | 14 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 14 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 14 |
| Görlitz, DE | 14 |
| MAlocation not on record | 13 |
| South Kensington, GB | 13 |
| IDElocation not on record | 12 |
| WINlocation not on record | 12 |
| Kuopio, FI | 12 |
| Mlocation not on record | 11 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 11 |
| GMBAlocation not on record | 11 |
| Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record | 11 |
| Philadelphia, US | 10 |
| València, ES | 10 |
| Oulu, FI | 10 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 10 |
| Auckland, NZ | 9 |
| Pullman, US | 9 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 9 |
| Corvallis, US | 8 |
| Denver, US | 8 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 8 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 8 |
| Tallinn, EE | 8 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 7 |
| Brussel, BE | 6 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 6 |
| Missoula, US | 6 |
| Barcelona, ES | 6 |
| PRClocation not on record | 6 |
| Trondheim, NO | 6 |
| Davis, US | 5 |
| DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record | 5 |
| Philadelphia, US | 5 |
| Pocatello, US | 5 |
| Berlin, DE | 5 |
| ROM007location not on record | 5 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 5 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 4 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 4 |
| BClocation not on record | 4 |
| Hobart, AU | 4 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 4 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 4 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 4 |
| Logan, US | 4 |
| POL003location not on record | 3 |
| Boise, US | 3 |
| Kensington, AU | 3 |
| Tilburg, NL | 3 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 3 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 3 |
| Madison, US | 3 |
| Moscow, US | 3 |
| Spearfish, US | 3 |
| Bergen, NO | 3 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 3 |
| Saint Louis, US | 3 |
| Claremont, US | 3 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 3 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 3 |
| Toronto, CA | 2 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 2 |
| Alicante, ES | 2 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 2 |
| Riverside, US | 2 |
| Bloomington, US | 2 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 2 |
| Fulda, DE | 2 |
| Bangkok, TH | 2 |
| Henderson, US | 2 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 2 |
| Victoria, CA | 2 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Bourges, FR | 2 |
| Umeå Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Glarus, CH | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Whitehorse, CA | 2 |
| Wellington, NZ | 2 |
| San Jose, US | 2 |
| Córdoba, AR | 2 |
| Inner Mongolia Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Urumqi, CN | 2 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Minia, EG | 1 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 1 |
| ISAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 1 |
| ESP004location not on record | 1 |
| ESP026location not on record | 1 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 1 |
| Phoenix, US | 1 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 1 |
| Paris, FR | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| Yangling, CN | 1 |
| Herbario Universidad de Concepciónlocation not on record | 1 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 1 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| UChlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ypsilanti, US | 1 |
| Granada, ES | 1 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
| San Isidro, AR | 1 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 1 |
| Lausanne, CH | 1 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 1 |
| Porvoo, FI | 1 |
| University of British Columbia, Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Namur, BE | 1 |
| Vitoria, ES | 1 |
| ESP003location not on record | 1 |
| Gijón, ES | 1 |
| Parkville, AU | 1 |
| Flagstaff, US | 1 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratorylocation not on record | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Podgorica, ME | 1 |
| St. Paul, US | 1 |
| Canberra, AU | 1 |
| Québec, CA | 1 |
| Emporia, US | 1 |
| Provo, US | 1 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 1 |
| Northridge, US | 1 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| QVMAGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 1 |
| ESP027location not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Atriplex hortensis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.