Artocarpus heterophyllus
Lam. · speciesAt a glance
Sources17 archives
Databases and archives Artocarpus heterophyllus's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation22 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility69 663 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI15 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics20 specimens↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
FooDBThe Metabolomics Innovation Centrecompounds↗
foodatlascompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
The jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), also known as jack tree, is a species of tree in the fig, mulberry, and breadfruit family (Moraceae). Its origin is in the region between the Western Ghats of southern India, all of Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and the rainforests of the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia. The jack tree is well-suited to tropical lowlands, and is widely cultivated throughout tropical regions of the world. It bears the largest fruit of all trees, reaching as much as 55 kg in weight, 90 cm in length, and 50 cm in diameter. A mature jack tree produces some 200 fruits per year, with older trees bearing up to 500 fruits in a year. The jackfruit is a multiple fruit composed of hundreds to thousands of individual flowers, and the fleshy petals of the unripe fruit are eaten. The ripe fruit is sweet (depending on variety) and is more often used for desserts. Canned green jackfruit has a mild taste and meat-like texture that lends itself to being called a "vegetable meat". Jackfruit is commonly used in South and Southeast Asian cuisines.The encyclopedia of fruit & nuts, By Jules Janick, Robert E. Paull, pp. 481–485 Both ripe and unripe fruits are consumed. It is available internationally canned or frozen and in chilled meals as are various products derived from the fruit such as noodles and chips.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology23
Life cycle & reproduction7
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment15
Physiology & chemistry9
Compounds documented for Artocarpus heterophyllus across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds5 854 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CARBOHYDRATES | 896,900 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| WATER | 772,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| PROTEIN | 136,360 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| CAOUTCHOUC | 100,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| FIBER | 48,245 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| ASH | 37,355 ppm | DukesPhytochem |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Artocarpus heterophyllus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Artocarpus heterophyllus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 565×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-indian_vol1
2n 281×CCDB · book-ipcn75-78
n 283×CCDB · book-ipcn72 · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type69 663 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions70 of 144 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Kunming, CN | 240 |
| Beijing, CN | 33 |
| Saint Louis, US | 25 |
| Smithfield, AU | 18 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 16 |
| Bronx, US | 14 |
| Guilin, CN | 11 |
| Ilhéus, BR | 9 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 9 |
| BRLUlocation not on record | 8 |
| Brisbane, AU | 7 |
| Salvador, BR | 7 |
| National Herbarium of São Tomé and Principelocation not on record | 7 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 7 |
| Taipei, TW | 7 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 6 |
| CEPLAClocation not on record | 6 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 5 |
| Chengdu, CN | 4 |
| Durban, ZA | 4 |
| LSF/FSA/UAClocation not on record | 4 |
| UNEMATlocation not on record | 4 |
| UEPAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Herbario MAT de la Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchilocation not on record | 4 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 4 |
| Changsha, CN | 3 |
| PRPlocation not on record | 3 |
| Paris, FR | 3 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 3 |
| Gujarat Biodiversity Gene Banklocation not on record | 3 |
| Honolulu, US | 3 |
| Baroda, IN | 3 |
| Xiamen, CN | 3 |
| Fort Worth, US | 3 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 3 |
| Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 3 |
| Philadelphia, US | 3 |
| Taipei, TW | 3 |
| Chaguaramas, TT | 3 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| arosemena tola, EC | 3 |
| Masindi, UG | 3 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 3 |
| UFRRJlocation not on record | 3 |
| UNISANTAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Auckland, NZ | 2 |
| EL PASO, US | 2 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 2 |
| Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologialocation not on record | 2 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 2 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 2 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 2 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 2 |
| UESBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 2 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 2 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 2 |
| MAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record | 2 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 2 |
| Siouxland Heritage Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Durango, MX | 2 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 2 |
| Cruz das Almas, BR | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 2 |
| Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)location not on record | 2 |
| Tlalnepantla, MX | 2 |
| Foz do Iguaçu, BR | 2 |
| Canberra, AU | 2 |
| Cuiabá, BR | 1 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 1 |
| IPA/SPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Blumenau, BR | 1 |
| Alcaldía Municipal de Garzón en Huilalocation not on record | 1 |
| Plocation not on record | 1 |
| SCAUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wuhan, CN | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| Seoul, KR | 1 |
| Porto Velho, BR | 1 |
| Criciúma, BR | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Cascavel, BR | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| UNIVASFlocation not on record | 1 |
| Puerto Ayora, EC | 1 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 1 |
| Kensington, AU | 1 |
| Tampa, US | 1 |
| Minia, EG | 1 |
| Seychelles National Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Loja, EC | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| San José, CR | 1 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropicallocation not on record | 1 |
| La Paz, BO | 1 |
| Coimbra, PT | 1 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 1 |
| León, NI | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal do Ceara, Departamento de Biologialocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 1 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 1 |
| Brasília, BR | 1 |
| UTFPR-DVlocation not on record | 1 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| UFVJMlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESP-IBILCElocation not on record | 1 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 1 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 1 |
| Gump Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 1 |
| Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chilelocation not on record | 1 |
| Bangkok, TH | 1 |
| UEMlocation not on record | 1 |
| LDlocation not on record | 1 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut Botanique Ake-Assi d'Andokoilocation not on record | 1 |
| St. Paul, US | 1 |
| Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoirelocation not on record | 1 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal de Goiáslocation not on record | 1 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fortaleza, BR | 1 |
| Chengdu, CN | 1 |
| UFPElocation not on record | 1 |
| Palmerston, AU | 1 |
| Cibinong Science Center, Herbarium Bogorienselocation not on record | 1 |
| Chicago, US | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
| UEMAlocation not on record | 1 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Artocarpus heterophyllus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.